Amblysemius bellicianus Thiollière, 1852

Taxonomy

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopteri Cope1871
Order: Amiiformes Hay 1929
Family: Caturidae Stensiö 1932
Genus: Amblysemius
Species: Amblysemius bellicianus
Author Citation Thiollière, 1852

Geological Time Scale

Eon: Phanerozoic
Era: Mesozoic
Period: Jurassic
Sub Period: None
Epoch: Late
International Age: Tithonian

Stratigraphy

Weissjura Group
Painten Formation

Biostratigraphy

Hybonoticeras hybonotum Zone
Lithacoceras riedense Subzone
Lithacoceras eigeltingense-Horizon

Provenance

Acquired by: Purchase/Trade

Dimensions

Length: 15 cm

Location

Zandt Quarry
Denkendorf (in Eichstätt District)
Bavaria
Germany

• amblysemius
• jurassic
• tithonian
• ttf-oilshale-ch861
• zandt

Comments

Comments

Amblysemius was clearly a predator as evidenced by its mouth full of sharp teeth. It was a notable fast swimmer. Together with its only sister genus Caturus, Amblysemius was a member of the extinct Halecomorpha family Caturidae. It appears that the halecomorph Liodesmus, known from Solnhofen only, is related to the Caturids, rather than the amiiforms, as has been usually surmised. Once a diverse major group of bony fishes, the Halecomorpha have only one surviving member, the bowfin (Amia calva) of eastern North America. Living bowfins are remarkably hardy since they have a swim bladder that opens into their esophagus so they can gulp air, and hence survive in water with low oxygen.

Amblysemius was a primitive species of fish that thrived during the Jurassic Period but went extinct by the Lower Cretaceous Period. Amblysemius possessed ganoid scales that are more cycloid in nature and as a member of the holosteans a bony skeleton with a partially ossified vertebral column.

The Caturidae are represented in the Solnhofen Formation by at least four species:

Caturus furcatus Agassiz 1834 and Caturus giganteus Wagner, 1851. Caturus pachyurus Agassiz, 1833 and Caturus bellicianus Thiollière 1852 from Solnhofen, Germany and Cerin, France were transferred to the revived sister genus Amblysemius (now Amblysemius pachyurus and Amblysemius bellicianus).

Compared to Caturus, Amblysemius is characterized by its more slender body outline, the bigger and more deeply forked caudal fin being heterocerc with the upper lobe clearly longer than the lower one and the strong dentition. Amblysemius has considerably smaller scales compared to Caturus. Maximum length is around 50cm; this specimen has only 20cm or 8".

 

References:

Paul Lambers (1994) The halecomorph fishes Caturus and Amblysemius in the lithographic limestone of Solnhofen (Tithonian), Bavaria. Geobios 27:91-99