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  1. Hi Everyone, Last month I took a trip from New York to Elizabethtown, Kentucky to attend my parents' 70th anniversary. My sister and her husband, two of her adult children, and my parents, both in their 90s have all resettled there. I try to visit them at least once per year, but my parents' 70th wedding anniversary could not be missed. It is a very long trip from the suburbs of New York City to E-Town and a stop along the way was the sensible thing to do, so I spent the night in Harrison, Ohio near the border with Indiana and only 15 minutes from St. Leon, the well known Ordovician roadcut. I've been there twice before. It is a huge outcrop, fossiliferous from top to bottom, with plenty to explore. With even a full day it is impossible to do justice to the site. As it was, I spent a half day. Most of you I'm guessing have been to or seen pictures of the roadcut. Here's a couple anyway:
  2. minnbuckeye

    Mississippian Rugosa Coral to ID

    A new coral was found when geode hunting in NE Missouri. Likely Warsaw Formation, maybe Keokuk. In either case it is Mississippian. I am leaning towards an ID of Acrocyathus floriformis, a colonial rugosa known to occur in the Mississippian. But I prefer that coral experts chime in before I label it!!! @TqB Thanks Mike
  3. It has become a yearly ritual to slip away to Southern Iowa to collect geodes. When in the area, I take an additional afternoon to play around in the Burlington limestone looking for crinoids but gladly accepting whatever comes my way. Here are some of my finds. Usually I label the pictures, but due to time constrains, I am posting unlabeled pictures this time. I threw in a piece of styolith since I have seen a few topics where there was questions about what it was. Eutrochocrinus christyi Azygocrinus rotundus Uperocrinus Exochops pygidiums Amplexus coral Caninia Rugosa Coral Platycrinus calyx plates Dorycrinus missouriensis calyx arms Uperocrinus Platycrinus calyx
  4. I recently found this rather good (for the area) and rare goniatite, probably Girtyoceras sp. The innermost half of the living chamber has a mass of small rods which a few knowledgeable friends have suggested are faecal pellets from something that took up residence. It's in an ironstone nodule from a Brigantian (U. Mississippian) shale in Co. Durham, N.E. England. Fairly shallow water, with a diverse fauna of brachiopods, bivalves, bryozoa, small corals, crinoids etc., often broken up. I haven't seen any arthropods apart from small Paladin trilobites which are quite common. At first I thought they were iron mineral alteration structures (e.g. goethite) but I can't see any in other similarly preserved specimens from the same locality and I was quickly persuaded by the pellets idea. I'd be grateful for any suggestions or similar examples. Scale in mm Inside venter Other side - none visible here.
  5. A few years ago I picked up an old paleontological publication from a University of Chicago used book sale and one of the sites described looked interesting. I finally got around to visiting the site last week, a good 5+ hour drive. It was completely overgrown so had to hack my way to the exposure. Middle Mississippian rocks. After about three hours of careful work I came across some Griffithides skeletal elements buried in foraminifera matrix. I also found this nice calcite crystal that fluoresces pink under UV. The white crystals at the base phosphoresce for about 15 seconds. Found nearby was this turtle carapace. I'm not sure ,but I think it could be an Eastern box turtle shell.
  6. Spent the day at the famous old cut in Sulphur, Indiana yesterday, and while I didn’t come away with a Mississippian shark tooth, I’m wondering if other parts of these animals preserved? This piece is shiny black like coal, about an inch long, is definitely fossilized, and was found in the Big Clifty formation. Anyone here an expert on Carboniferous sharks or has found anything similar?
  7. Spring is almost upon the folks of Minnesota. There is still a bit of frost in the ground so 2022 collecting will soon begin. Until then, it is fossil ID time. This one is from Burlington, Iowa, the Burlington Formation, Mississippian. I have been looking at this one for a long time. Is it one of those predators of Burlington crinoids?? Is it a monoplacophoran? Species if so?
  8. Back in April of last year I started a new job based in Texas. I had planned to work remotely until we returned to the office and then make a road trip down to Texas that would involve making several fossil pit stops along the way. When the time came for my move to Texas, my road trip unfortunately coincided with Hurricane Ida and I had to sadly scrap all of my plans and simply hightail it through the Gulf Coast to avoid the storm. Fortunately though I was given off from work the week between Christmas and New Years and I was even more determined to not let my research go to waste. The delay in my road trip also had the added bonus of time- I ended up visiting several sites that I had not known about during my move to Texas. Funnily, while I did not have to dodge hurricanes on this trip, I did have to dodge two tornado warnings. I guess extreme weather is just something you have to deal with when you fossil collect along the Gulf Coast. The road trip ended up being ten days of late nights and early mornings. I found a ton of really interesting fossils, which consequently meant that I have only now been able to finish cleaning, prepping, and identifying all of my finds. The road trip involved a number of firsts for me- it was the first time I have ever done a several day fossil road trip without my dad; I found a number of fossils that I had not found before; and I made my first ever donation to a museum. I would not have had it any other way! I can't wait to do it again soon! Day One I had a long drive into Mississippi in front of me so I had hoped to get an early start to the day. Fortunately or unfortunately that did not happen. I was to met a property owner early the next morning so my plan was to just get as close to tomorrow's site as possible. I could not pass up the opportunity though to do a little fossil collecting along the way. I had read about some old Oligocene sites that I thought could be worth checking out just to say that I had been there. Sadly one of the sites was simply too overgrown to be collected and at the other I was only able to find some incredibly fragile Pecten byramensis scallop shells. First find of the trip! Day Two Early the next day I drove another hour to a stream exposure of the Upper Eocene Moodys Branch Formation. In the time that had passed from my planned trip in September to my trip in December the site had changed ownership, but the old owner was kind enough to pass along the new owners' contact information. With a little convincing the new owners granted me permission to visit. I was excited! I had been warned about the fragility of the Periarchus lyelli sand dollars at the site but with the right tools and the right mindset I was ready to get into the creek and do some exploring. I had thought that my visit would last only a few hours, but, after walking the section of creek several times looking for the sand dollar bed and making several trips to my car to bring in more tools and carry everything out, before I knew it was already the late afternoon. While the turn of events meant that I could not visit some of the other sites I had planned for the day, it did mean I had the opportunity to meet both of the owners. I showed them what I had found and they asked if I would send them one of the sand dollars, which I was happy to do. With an invitation to come back whenever I wanted and some holiday wishes, I hit the road to my planned stop for the night. Not much to see when first found, but when they are properly prepped... Far more abundant than the sand dollars where the wealth of shells, corals, bryozoans, and other tiny fossils. I ended up washing and screening some excess matrix I collected. I was astonished by what I found, including tons of tiny shells, fish otoliths, fish teeth, crab claws, bryozoans, juvenile sand dollars, shark teeth, etc. Calyptraphorus stamineus Cirsotrema nassulum Venericardia apodensata Glycymeris idonea Eburneopecten scintillatus Nucula spheniopsis Balanophyllia irrorata Flabellum cuneiforme Endopachys maclurii Platytrochus goldfussi Crab Claws Arm Plates of Comatulid Crinoid Himerometra louisianensis Sea Star Ossicles Juvenile Periarchus lyelli Negaprion gibbesi Fish Vertebra Paralbula marylandica Ariosoma nonsector Preophidion meyeri Sciaena aff. Sciaena pseudoradians Jefitchia claybornensis Orthopristis americana Day Three With a quick change of plans in light of the expected weather later in the week I drove through Mississippi into Northern Alabama to hunt the Mississippian Bangor Limestone. When I had told a friend that I was planning a road trip through Alabama he had recommended several sites in the Bangor Limestone worth checking out. He recommended going in the winter time though since one of the sites was only exposed when the lake is drained. With six sites on my list I knew that I would have to be efficient with my time. While I could have easily stayed longer at some of the sites, an hour and a half to two hours turned out to be just enough time for each site. While I had heard that the Alabama Paleontological Society had been to two of the sites only the week prior, some recent rain had helped refresh things and there were plenty of fossils to be collected. I was thrilled to find some Mississippian blastoids and crinoids. Some in-situ photos of the blastoids Pentremites pyriformis Pentremites godoni Zeacrinites wortheni Pterotocrinus depressus Onychocrinus pulaskiensis Phanocrinus bellulus While I had added several Bangor Limestone sites to my list in hopes of finding Mississippian crinoids and blastoids, I was pleasantly surprised by the number of Mississippian trilobites Kaskia chesterensis I also found. Crinoid Cup and Trilobite Tails A visit to the Bangor Limestone would not be complete without adding some Archimedes bryozoan to the collection. I found this plate with one large piece on it. At the end of the day, as the sun was setting, I made a very quick stop at an exposure of the Hartselle Sandstone. Using whatever light I could use, I contrasted the loose rocks with the sun and added a few Mississippian ichnofossils to my collection. Olivellites implexus Lockeia cordata Lockeia siliquaria Day Four The same friend who recommended I visit several Bangor Limestone sites also recommended I visit a couple of Monteagle Limestone sites while I was in the area. While my first two full days of collecting had brought riches, including beautiful sand dollars, blastoids, and crinoids, today was the first unproductive day. Having driven quite a distance to get here and having spent by then several full days out in the field, I was ok to take a bit of a break. With a gray sky and a light drizzle, I stopped at four sites, with only one of the sites being fruitful for a quick stop. Although my friend promised crinoids and blastoids, I only found a few loose brachiopods, crinoid stems, and bryozoans, and a single crinoid plate. Schellwienella sp. Punctospirifer kentuckiensis Punctospirifer transversa Inflatia inflata Petrocrania chesterensis Hederella chesterensis Agassizocrinus conicus Seeking to not waste the day and with still many hours in the day left, I decided to make the most of things and visit the U.S. Space and Rocket Center in Huntsville. When you drive into Huntsville on the highway you can see two massive model rockets standing up in the horizon- it is really a sight to see. As I learned from the museum, while Houston has Mission Control and Cape Canaveral has the rocket launch pad, it is Huntsville that builds and tests rockets. I am really glad I got the chance to visit. Full Size Models of Saturn I and Saturn V Rockets Prototype of Saturn V Rocket Used To Test Lifting Mechanism Before Sending Apollo Astronauts To The Moon Apollo 16 Command Module Day Five Today marked the first of several days I would be focusing on the Upper Cretaceous Period. Having grown up collecting in the Upper Cretaceous of New Jersey, the Upper Cretaceous has always had a special place in my collection and I was excited to see what the Gulf Coast could offer. Ralph Johnson, the curator of the MAPS Collection, had asked me to collect a few representative samples for him to compare against the ones from the Atlantic Coastal Plain in the MAPS Collection, so I had added reason to fit a few stops in. My first stop was a stream exposure of the Eutaw Formation, Tombigbee Sand Member. I had heard rumors and got confirmation from the President of APS that the owners of the property can be a little careless in their target practice, so I made sure to fit in a stop to the site in the early morning on a weekday and to wear an orange vest while there. Prepared for the worst but hoping for the best, I was happy to hear nothing while I collected. After grabbing a few echinoids and finally speaking on the phone with the owner of a property I had hoped to visit later that day, I made my way to my next stop. Hardouinia bassleri Trigonia sp. Inoceramus sp. Exogyra upatoiensis Flemingostrea cretacea Ostrea sp. My second stop was a roadside exposure of the Prairie Bluff Chalk. I was really fortunate to get permission to visit when I did because the site abounded in phosphatic molds of bivalves, gastropods, and ammonites. The ground was literally covered with fossils. I was excited to see many fossils that I recognized from my collecting in New Jersey. Discoscaphites conradi Trachyscaphites alabamensis Eubaculites carinatus Baculites lomaensis Baculites sp. C Dunnicrinus mississippiensis Ossicles Turritella tippana Turritella encrinoides Longoconcha sp. Anchura noakensis Napulus sp. Bellifusus sp. Ellipsoscapha mortoni Graphidula sp. Eoacteon sp. Gyrodes spillmani Gyrodes petrosus Anisomyon sp. Crassatella vadosa Cucullaea capax with Cliona microtuberum boring sponge trace Solyma sp. Veniella conradi Scabrotrigonia thoracica Granocardium lowei Cyprimeria alta Spondylus sp.
  9. Cladodus and Stethacanthus are more typical of modern day shark teeth. As can be seen, the tips are not always present, some destroyed in prep, but many tips severed prior to fossilization. Cladodus possesses a straight shaft while Stethacantus is S shaped.
  10. Continuing on with Burlington fish teeth, the next set of photos will feature Orodus.
  11. The next Burlington teeth found this summer to have been termed Deltodus. My ability to differentiate Deltodus from Sandalodus, Helodus (small), and Psammodus is nonexistent. So even though labels say Deltodus, the true identity of some may be the other three genuses. I am open to any suggestions that veer away from a Deltodus ID. Like Chomatodus, Deltodus is a Chondrichthyan. There seems to be 2 general physical types. Blacker teeth seem to be larger and have smaller pores. Lighter colored teeth seem to be smaller and have larger pores. Is this a way to differentiate types?? The next Deltodus is my Favorite!!! Not only is it tucked underneath a large brachiopod (not really evident on these views, but the color is "rainbow" and the coloration changes as the light does. Very unique.
  12. Chomatodus will be today's fish of the day. It is a Petalodont, similar to a modern day Ghost Shark. My understanding is that a fused upper jaw leaves Chomatodus as "shark like", not a true shark. From my experience its teeth are the most frequently found in the Burlington Formation.
  13. minnbuckeye

    Mississippian Fish Teeth #1

    Every year, I take some time out to collect the Burlington Formation (Mississippian) of SE Iowa. It is about 70 ft thick in the area I hunt and the limestone is a coarse-grained rock made up mostly of crinoidal debris. Usually, my goal when visiting is to find nice examples of crinoids and brachiopods. But lately, I have taken interest in the primitive shark teeth that exist in the upper few feet of the Cedar Fork Member of the Burlington. So late summer, I threw five 25 lb rocks containing evidence of Chondrichthyan teeth into the back of my pickup to process this winter. Here is an example of a rocks I have yet to process. Notice the black specks on the surface. This is what shark material looks like. Most surface teeth are worn and not worth collecting. The pristine teeth are inside. So, the next step is to break the large rock into smaller pieces in hopes to find a keeper. I use a vice to break off pieces. If a hammer is used instead, the vibrations destroy many of the fragile specimens. Every small black specks must be explored to see if they are the tip of a nice tooth. 90% of the specks are nothing but fragments. But every tenth one makes investigation worthwhile! Junk: Junk: Success!!! So as not to overwhelm everyone, I am going to show my finds in a few different posts. Images of Burlington fish on line is marginal at best. Consequently I will provide more examples than I normally would. Here are a few teasers for today.
  14. minnbuckeye

    Chondrichthyan Teeth Unknowns

    I am in the process of identifying the Chondrichthyan teeth that I have been extracting from Burlington Limestone collected this summer. Here are my most confusing teeth that hopefully can receive identification from our forum experts. 1. 2. 3. Possibly a dermal denticle instead of a tooth? 4. 5 .
  15. Here's a simple looking crinoid I'd like identified from the Edwardsville Formation. It's the crinoid in the center of the photograph. Two non-branching arms spring from each radial. The crown (calyx and arms exclusive of the stem) is about 5 cm long.
  16. Took a day trip to Mississippian subperiod sites in West Virginia, with exposures that represent environments ranging from shallow marine to mudflats (reflecting periods of ocean transgression and regression). Of course there were brachiopods; the one photo of a brach below shows pink/light red coloration, and I've also posted this in the General Discussion section under "Fossil Shells with Color Patterns." I've never before found a brachiopod with shell coloration. There's also a photo of a sea pen (Pennatulacea, only right side is well exposed). And there is another photo of 2 matrix pieces with what may be tusk shells (scaphopods). The bottom scaphopod (?) is 4.5 inches, while the top one is more fragmentary and is 1.75 inches. If anyone has a different idea of what these are, please post your identification. Finally, as the ocean receded, mud flats appeared, and the final 2 photos show tracks of what are likely small crustaceans making their way across a long lost world.
  17. historianmichael

    Alabama Mississippian Brachiopod ID Help

    Over the winter holidays I visited a couple of exposures of the Mississippian (Chesterian) Bangor Limestone in Alabama. I found a ton of really cool fossils, including a number of brachiopods. I was able to identify the vast majority of the brachiopods I found, but I struggled to identify the following. Does anyone recognize them? #3 and #4 look to me to be Composita sp. but the only species of Composita from the Bangor Limestone that I saw is Composita subquadrata and these did not seem to match. Any help would be greatly appreciated! #1 #2 #3 #4 #5
  18. minnbuckeye

    Mississippian unknowns

    While uncovering chondrichthyan teeth from the Burlington fish layer, I have come upon many things I can not identify. In general, the only items having a dark color in this light colored matrix are fish parts. So my assumption is that they are fish oriented...... Here are some examples of items found that are likely not fish teeth. coprolites? Dermal denticles? Just taking stabs in the dark! @Coco, don't pick on me since my measuring stick is not seen well. I will add specimen size to each for you! 1. 2.0 by 1.2 cm 2. 1.5 by 2 cm 3. .8cm by 3.0cm 4. 1.5 by 1.2 cm 5. 1.0 by .5cm
  19. These are two specimens I have found that I can’t confidently identify. I don’t know exactly where they are from but the sedimentary rock they are preserved in is likely from the Mississippian. I live in Northeast Alabama where there are quarries that extract shale and limestone from the Mississippian. Since I don’t know the exact locality they came from I cannot provide an exact time period. One is a white, wedge shaped fossil that I speculate might be a leaf. The other I am unsure of if it is even a fossil but it appears to be a fish, but it could just be crystals that formed in the shale.
  20. oilshale

    Discoserra pectinodon LUND, 2000

    Taxonomy from Lund 2000. Diagnosis for the genus Discoserra from Lund 2000, p. 180: "Teeth of the premaxilla, maxilla and dentary long, thin, and styliform. Posterior end of maxilla does not extend back to level of anterior margin of orbit. Parietals excluded from contact in dorsal midline by postrostral 2, which contacts supraoccipital. No transverse supratemporal commissure in supraoccipital. Two rows of paired bones over orbit. One to three interopercular bones; two to three small postspiraculars and a presupracleithrum. Branchiostegals very variable in size, number and shape. Dorsal ridge scales with small, forwardly facing hooks; two to three small anal fin hooks. Origin of anterior edge of dorsal fin set well below dorsal margin of ridge scales. All fins with well spaced rays; pelvic fin reduced, caudal fin rounded." Line drawing from Lund 2000, p. 183: Identified by oilshale using Lund 2000. References: R. Lund (2000) The new Actinopterygian order Guildayichthyiformes from the Lower Carboniferous of Montana (USA). Geodiversitas 22(2):171-206
  21. On my way home from Georgia today I decided to make a short stop at the Vienna, Illinois roadcut that is right off of I-24. The weather was nice, a balmy 52 degrees and I was out collecting without a jacket. I decided to stop for 20 minutes and see how many blastoids that I could find, but alas, I only found a small one. I did find the usual pieces that are found at the Mississippian roadcut- blastoid, brachiopods, horn coral, a crinoid basal plates, bryozoan, including Archimedes screw and a number of hash plates. I really do like to collect Mississippian hash plates, I think that they are really pretty. Here are a few of the finds-
  22. BLT

    Is This A Type Of Coral?

    I’m hoping someone can identify this for me. I found it in the Tennessee River. (Mississippian/Tuscumbia Limestone) Thanks!
  23. BLT

    Identification Request

    Can anyone tell me what is protruding from this small rock? Is it some type of coral? I found it by the Tennessee River. (Mississippian/Tuscumbia Limestone) Thanks!
  24. BLT

    Hash Plate Identification

    Hi, I’m hoping someone can identify the larger fossil bits on this rock. I found it on the bank of the Tennessee River. (Mississippian/Tuscumbia Limestone) Thanks!
  25. Hello, I found this small rock on the Tennessee River. (Mississippian/Tuscumbia Limestone) I’m hoping someone can tell me what all is in it. Thanks!
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