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  1. Hello, welcome to my report of this last week fossil hunting in Morocco. I have been this last week in Morocco going to different localities looking for fossils. As I have never done fossil hunting before in morocco, I contacted with Mohand Ihmadi from Ihmadi Trilobites Centre, a local geologist that does fossil hunting tours. I talked to him about all the localities that I would like to visit and we planned a route together. If you ever want to do some fossil hunting in Morocco, I have to recommend getting in touch with Mohand, if you search for him or the center in google, the contact information will appear. I will try to divide this fossil hunting in the main 4 areas that we hunted: KEM KEM BEDS This location is near the dunes, and going there you will have beautiful views. Once you arrive there, you will start seeing the typical Kem Kem colors. First you can try to find microfossils filtering the sand. We also found some workers there, and they let us visit the caves they make to arrive to the layer where they find the fossils. Here is me and my dad in front of the cave entrance. And here more photos inside the cave: In Kem Kem it's very difficult to find the stuff you see online so the normal thing is to find some micro fossils or chunks. This is what we found in and hour or so: Probably if you search harder and during more time, you can find more stuff, but we were more casual about this. And obviously, you can also try to buy the stuff the workers have found. ORDOVICIAN LOCALITY FOR CALYMENE Another locality we visited, was a trilobite locality. A ordovician Locality. Here, with heavy machinery, they extract the first useless layer, and then you can start to manually search for the trilobites. Here, we found several as it's pretty easy. One of them is this next photo: DEVONIAN TRILOBITE LOCATION The other trilobite location was a devonian one. There you can find phacops sp. pretty easily and if you are lucky some other species. Here is the typical limestone where you have to break them, find the trilobite, glued back and prepared it. After this, we went to Mohand workshop and he teached me how to prepare them: We were lucky and found a Paralejurus spatuliformis that he is preparing for me and will send to me. OUED ZEM FORMATION The last stop was the Oued Zem formation. It's the formation where we found most fossils, and it's easy to work with the hammer and find it. It's near the phosphates exploitation ground. And here some of what we found: We visited some more places, but this were the main ones. In conclusion it was an amazing experience and Mohand was the best guide we could have asked for. If you are planning a similar trip to Morocco and have some doubts or questions don't hesitate to ask. And just as an extra. As we all know, all the Moroccan material has a reputation of being restored, composited and altered. And while that is sometimes true, after visiting this places and talking to the diggers there, I bought some pieces from them, without the intermediaries, and they were really honest about what reparations or things they did to the piece. So my conclusion is that a lot of times the international dealers are the ones buying pieces without caring about the state of this ones because a composited/restored piece will be cheaper and they think it will sell at the same price and will make more profit.
  2. The unnamed giant Tylosaur of the Moroccan Phosphates is revealed at last. The great and mighty Hainosaurus is a previously unrecognized macropredator present in the latest Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) of Morocco. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/365437927_First_Record_of_a_Tylosaurine_Mosasaur_from_the_Latest_Cretaceous_Phosphates_of_Morocco Authors: @Praefectus @BrennanThePaleoDude @pachy-pleuro-whatnot-odon Abstract: The latest Cretaceous Phosphates of Morocco preserve the highest biodiversity of mosasaurid squamates anywhere in the world. Intensive sampling over the past century has uncovered at least ten genera and thirteen species from the mosasaur subgroups Halisauromorpha, Plioplatecarpinae, and Mosasaurinae. Notably missing from the assemblage are members of the macropredatory Tylosaurinae. The Tylosaurinae were globally rare in the Maastrichtian and their apparent absence has been previously explained by either collecting bias, ecological preference for deeper waters, or habitat restriction to higher paleolatitudes. Here, we describe a new tylosaurine mosasaurid, Hainosaurus boubker sp. nov., based on several partial skulls and isolated teeth originating from the Couche III layer of the Sidi Chennane Phosphate quarry near Oued Zem, Morocco. It is unique amongst tylosaurine mosasaurids in possessing blade-like teeth that are laterally compressed, encircled by enamel facets, and differentiated along the dental margin. The discovery of this new taxon in the Maastrichtian of Morocco is remarkable as it represents both the youngest species of Tylosaurinae and the first occurrence in North Africa. It has been a pleasure to work on this project and I am so happy to finally see it come to a conclusion. Tremendous thank you to Boubker Chaibi (Instagram @foussilouedzem) for discovering and donating the type material. Additionally, thanks to Carlos Espinosa (Instagram @carlost_sapiens) for bringing Hainosaurus to life. Funding for this project was provided by the Association of Applied Paleontological Sciences’ Charles H. Sternberg Scholarship for vertebrate fossil research. Thank you very much the members of the AAPS. Map and Stratigraphic column of the Moroccan Phosphates Premaxilla of Hainosaurus boubker Premaxilla of Hainosaurus boubker Maxillae of Hainosaurus boubker Dentaries of Hainosaurus boubker Hainosaurus boubker right maxilla and premaxilla Anterior teeth Hainosaurus boubker Mid-marginal and posterior teeth H. boubker Discoverer and namesake of H. boubker, Boubker Chaibi (Instagram @foussilouedzem) Hainosaurus boubker by Carlos Espinosa (Instagram @carlost_sapiens) Reconstructed skull of H. boubker at the Sternberg Museum as part of the Sahara Sea Monster's traveling exhibit. By @jnoun11. Hainosaurus boubker skull sketch by Instagram @yoshisrgr8 “The Warden of the Cretaceous Seas” by Instagram @primal_art_saurus Hainosaurus vs. Thalassotitan 2 versions. No ammonites, ammonites. Memento mori by Twitter @ttorroo Hainosaurus vs. Thalassotitan Hainosaurus boubker by Instagram @icthyovenator by Instagram @primal_art_saurus Thanks for reading.
  3. Hello All, First time posting. Joined up due to a fellow fossil hunter's request that I do so. Went out to Big Brook Preserve this past Sunday (4-23-23) and came away with a good selection of the usual suspects but one stood out. A nice Mosasaur tooth seen at the top of the pics below and in my hand in the following pics. Thanks for looking and thank you Sam for the company, the friendly conversation and helping with the fossil id. Happy Hunting everyone!
  4. Toast123

    Bite mark?

    Is this a bite mark or natural wear? It’s a cervical vertebra
  5. Hi everyone! I recently acquired this very large Mosasaur tooth and was hoping to get some help with two questions. The first is help with a species ID since it seems a lot of these are being IDed as this new species (thalassotitan) that was only discovered like a year ago I think? The second is what is going on in that root? There seems to be another Mosasaur tooth AND a Cretolamna shark tooth imbedded within the root. There's still some matrix around the fossils within the root which seems to have a very large cavity that shouldn't be there, so my hypothesis is that the root was broken and while lying on the sea floor matrix and other teeth gathered in the cavity. Either that or someone threw one heck of a party there 70 million years ago and things just got nuts. As usual though with something this weird I'm hoping for a second opinion. Tooth is from the Oled Abdoun Basin Moroccan phosphates. The entire specimen measures about 14.5 cm tall. The crown is 5.142 cm tall and 3.465 cm by 2.788 cm at its base. distal carinae seems to be lightly serrated. So what do you all think? Any insight is appreciated as always!
  6. Notidanodon

    Carinodens #1

    Hi guys, do you reckon these are all Carinodens or are there a few globidens mixed in? Thanks @Praefectus @pachy-pleuro-whatnot-odon 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
  7. Slow Walker

    Mosasaur tooth. A shed or from jaw?

    The first mosasaur tooth I found in Pierre shale sd. 2in long poorly preserved. Was wondering if it was a shedded tooth or part of jaw? Also what species might it be? thanks!
  8. Mikrogeophagus

    Basal Atco Double Reptile Trouble

    Took a short visit today to my Basal Atco site for the third time. Seems like every visit yields something new and totally unexpected (first visit = Acrotemnus prearticular tooth, second visit = huge assoc. fish verts, and now these). I'm fairly confident both of these are reptilian, but unfortunately I don't know much about identifying tetrapods. The first specimen I found is now my only non-Campanian mosasaur tooth. It's quite small (1 cm tall) and broke into 3 pieces, but the b72 seems to have done the job in making it presentable. Not amazing quality as expected for the Basal Atco, where much of the material is reworked. I'm not completely familiar with the genera present in the earliest Coniacian. I have read about a chunk of Tylosaurinae maxilla being found near if not in the Basal Atco of Grayson county and the subfamily is thought to have started in the Lower Coniacian altogether. I want to say Russellosaurus made it to the Atco although I believe my tooth is a little large for this ID. I think Clidastes was also around in the Coniacian, although not sure how early. And there's a lot of genera I am not mentioning, so hopefully someone in the know can fill in. The tooth itself seems to have both a mesial and distal non-serrated carina. The enamel isn't faceted as far as I can tell. I know it's not much to go off of and a precise ID is unlikely, but my hope is to at least cross off some of the genera that don't fit the description with yall's help. Mosasaur tooth (1 cm tall) Going from a relatively old mosasaur, the second specimen is a surprisingly young Coniasaurus (or so I think). This might be surprising to some, but Conisaurus is found beyond the Cenomanian. It actually has been documented to extend through the Coniacian all the way into the Middle Santonian (though the documentation is few and far between I must admit)! In other words this is a rare sort of find, but not necessarily unheard of. I don't believe any species have been named extending past the Turonian, so this may be an undescribed species. My specimen has that classic bulbous shape as well as textured enamel. It sure pays to look closely at every chunk of matrix. Coniasaurus sp.? (3 mm tall) One thing I would like to note is that I have since found a paper that helped to clarify the geology of this site which was a point of confusion in my previous trip reports. I made the mistake of referring to this place as the "Fish Bed Conglomerate" when it turns out that title has been used for at least a couple different layers, namely the base of the Austin Chalk and a phosphatic pebble bed that exists a short ways below the base documented by Taff and Leverett way back in 1893. This mixup has caused some confusion it seems in old academia. Anyways the stratigraphic chart (Fig. 2) in the source below shows these two phosphatic layers and some info on them. I kinda had a mind blown moment as I have actually visited both of these layers while looking for the Basal Atco at a couple of locations. The site where these teeth were found along with all my other written Atco adventures did actually in fact occur in the Atco or earliest Coniacian. However, the "second location" noted in the report I've linked below was actually at this Arcadia Park phosphatic pebble bed. These two layers are quite distinct and my "Atco" site definitely better fits the base. The sea levels paper specifically notes the layer as being ripple bedded which I coincidentally took a picture of in my old report! So satisfying when everything clicks into place... Hancock, Jake M., and Ireneusz Walaszczyk. “Mid-Turonian to Coniacian Changes of Sea Level around Dallas, Texas.” Cretaceous Research 25.4 (2004): 459–471. Web. As a bonus for reading through this, here are a couple of nice sharks teeth I found from the same layer. They are my first larger complete Cretalamna from the location and a new species on top of that. They compare best with Cretalamna ewelli which Siversson notes as being present in the Late Coniacian. I have some less impressive Cretalamna from the location that I previously identified as C. gertericorum, but I may have to double check those since it would be weird for two species to show up on top of one another in my opinion. They are very similar-looking species so I wouldn't be surprised if I was mistaken before. Cretalamna ewelli with beautifully splayed cusplets Looking forward to hearing yall's opinions! Thanks
  9. OK, I have read the posts about croc tooth versus mosasaur and croc versus alligator. Based on what I read, this could be a mosasaur tooth given the sort of “prismatic” ribbing and lack of any carinae or at least the lack of the two that are equidistant from each other. Anyway, I’m not an expert but would love some help from those more learned. Check out the pics. This is basically from the Calvert formation - but more specifically Horsehead Cliffs area from the water. Thanks for looking!
  10. Mart1980

    Hoffmanni tooth?

    Do I have an M. hoffmanni tooth here? Any opions about this two teeth?
  11. Nepenthes

    Mosasaur tooth

    The only thing I know about this specimen is that's from Morocco and it's probably some mosasaur tooth. Is it possible to tell anything more about it?
  12. From the album: Texas Turonian (Cretaceous)

    Ptychodus (undescribed species) and basal mosasaur Turonian Texas Sharing this hand sized slab is Ptychodus tooth from a species yet to be described (though the paper on it will be released very soon), and an early (probably russelosauran) mosasaur tooth. Since its discovery in September 2021, I have donated this slab to SMU
  13. Notidanodon

    Carinodens?

    Hi guys, wondering if any of these teeth are from carinodens (they are from a seller online so I don’t have more pics) thanks @pachy-pleuro-whatnot-odon
  14. I already wrote about in a previous trip report back in September, but I thought it worth posting here as well (I'll link the original trip report below). I'm proud to say that as of last October I was able to donate my first fossil to science - a life-long goal of mine since I was a kid! The mosasaur vertebra I found has the potential to be one of the oldest known to science, or at the very least one of the oldest found in North America. I donated it to SMU's collection after correspondence with Dr. Mike Polcyn as it only seemed right that one of the leading experts on early mosasaurs should have it. Alongside the vertebra I also donated two Ptychodus teeth found within the same shale layer to assist in the dating process. Basal Mosasaurid (anterior caudal vertebra) Upper Cretaceous (Middle Cenomanian) Lake Waco Formation Central Texas - found on September 15, 2022 Donated October 14, 2022 to Southern Methodist University ^ @Jared C and I recently returned to the site to collect unweathered bentonite to assist in the dating process. I haven't taken the several bags we filled up to SMU to deliver to Dr. Polcyn yet but plan to do so soon.
  15. Notidanodon

    Mosasaurs #6

    Hi guys I’ve got a few more mosasaur teeth here I think this is the last few! Thanks again for your help @Praefectus @pachy-pleuro-whatnot-odon 1. This one’s in a bit of jaw bone, the striations aren’t so pronounced but maybe still gavialimimus 2. a more posterior or pterygoid gavialimimus? 3. yet another one! This one is a bit more angular though 4. reminds me more of a croc tooth actually!
  16. Notidanodon

    Mosasaurs #5

    Hi guys got a few more for idenitification thanks for your help 1. this was broken in shipment and is completely hollow even the root is this normal? The rounded cross section makes me think T.atrox 2. slightly more compressed, eramiasaurus? 3. gavialiminus? 4. another gavialiminus, any idea why both of these are so compressed? Preservation?
  17. Notidanodon

    Moroccan mosasaurs #4

    Hi guys got a few more mosasaur teeth with unconfirmed identities 1. slightly pathological M,beaugi ? 2. faceted, eramiasaurus?
  18. LordTrilobite

    Gavialimimus tooth

    Tooth of a mosasaur.
  19. Rexofspades

    Ramanessin reptile Tooth ID

    Here are the two fragments I found in Ramanessin of what i believe to be mosasaur. the right one im unsure of, i still think its a cretaceous reptile. the left one, I am more certain is a mosasaur. but let me know what you think!
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