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Found 4 results

  1. Granth

    Teeth, molars and trilobites

    Hello again. I have acquired some new specimens to expand my "collection" and I would like you to help me corroborate the identifications of these fossils. I have no idea what species the trilobite corresponds to, I only know that it is from Morocco. According to the seller, the tooth was collected north of Florida, in a Pleistocene stratum and corresponds to a Tapirus veroensis. Likewise, the "crocodile" tooth was collected in the Bone Valley Area, Florida, within the Pliocene substratum. The shark tooth was identified as belonging to "megalodon". And finally, the piece of jaw with the tooth was collected in France and corresponds to a plagiolophus minor. I would love to have your opinions regarding those identifications and if you could help me to better catalog the "crocodile" tooth (if and when possible). Thank you very much!
  2. Harry Pristis

    Eocene Perissodactyl

    From the album: TEETH & JAWS

    Plagiolophus (and sister taxa) are palaeotheres, a successful and variable family of perissodactyls (horses, rhinos, tapirs, et. al.) in the Eocene of Western Europe. Not true horses, palaeotheres may be the ancestors of horses. Plagiolophus represents one genus of palaeothere, extinct since the Oligocene. Plagiolophus minor, a browser, was the only member of its family to survive more than fleetingly the mammalian faunal turnover, the "Grande Coupure," which occurred during the earliest Oligocene in Europe. La Debruge is one of about 15 terrestrial faunas (fossil remains of all kinds: plants, aquatic and terrestrial invertebrates, microfossils, vertebrates, mammal footprints) in the Apt-Forcalquier-Manosque basin in the French Alps. (Apt is a small town and is an administrative center of the Vaucluse district.) It is a mostly-paleogene basin with no outflow that accumulated siliciclastic alluvial sediments along with calcareous deposits in fluctuating shallow lakes. The Paleogene of the basin starts in the Late Eocene with a coastal plain to supratidal flat environment temporarily covered by salt lakes or flood plains and progresses further to a truly closed lacustrine drainage basin towards the Early Oligocene. The Oligocene broadly saw the development of a fluctuating fluvial/lake-system with calcareous, clay and siliciclastic deposits. Many mammals and other vertebrate fossil remains are known from this period all over the region. The Neogene (Miocene) saw a return to marine conditions with the Burdigalian transgression, leaving large thicknesses of sediments from erosion of the rising Alp Mountains. The Late Eocene of the basin is known worldwide for the "La Débruge" mammal fauna serving as a reference locality to the European biochronological timescale. The La Debruge reference level zone is Priabonian (37.2 - 33.9 Ma). The La Débruge fauna slightly precedes the Grande Coupure event which saw a renewal of worldwide faunas at the Eocene-Oligocene boundary. The very abundant fossils of the La Débruge fauna were found in an organic-rich deposit indicating a pond-like environment. The sediments are blackish and slightly sandy marls. Contrary to an earlier report, the fossiliferous level contains no lignite. The fossiliferous layer is about 50 cm (~20 inches) thick. Since 1987, the basin has been protected as the Parc Naturel du Luberon.

    © Harry Pristis 2014

  3. oilshale

    Plagiolophus annectens (OWEN, 1848)

    Taxonomy according to Fossilworks.org. Diagnosis for the genera by Remy, 2004, p. 32): “Diagnose générique émendée, (d'après Depéret 1917, Viret 1958, Hooker 1986, Franzen et Haubold 1986, modifiée et complétée): Palaeotheriidae de taille moyenne à grande; longueur du crâne, 170 à 400 mm, longueur des rangées dentaires de P2-M3 de 60 à 121 mm, poids estimé de moins de 10 kg à plus de 150 kg. Dentition hétérodonte avec des prémolaires courtes et incomplètement molarisées et des molaires augmentant de taille vers l'arrière. Séries des prémolaires complètes chez les formes anciennes, P/1/ éliminées ontogéniquement de plus en plus précocement chez les formes plus récentes. Dents semi-hypsodontes; indice d'hypsodontie des dents jugales supérieures IH (hauteur rectifiée / largeur), évoluant de 0,45 à 0,90, avec, aux molaires supérieures, une tendance progressive au surplomb des cônes internes par l'ectolophe. Développement de cément coronaire sur les dents jugales, de plus en plus épais vers l’arrière des arcades dentaires et s’accroissant phylétiquement; taux élevé de dentine péricanaliculaire. Styles des dents jugales supérieures bien développés; côtes médianes sur chaque lobe de l'ectolophe; paraconule bien séparé du protocône; métalophe ne se reliant à l'ectolophe qu'à un stade d'usure avancé; lophes transverses infléchis vers l'arrière et cuspides tendant phylétiquement à s'aligner parallèlement au plan sagittal sur les dents non usées. P4/ avec ou sans mésostyle, souvent sans hypocône; métacône de P3/ se réduisant phylétiquement. Croissants des dents jugales inférieures non soudés à leur point de contact, avec des vallées internes bien creusées, présence d'un métastylide peu distinct du métaconide, sauf sur les molaires de lait; cingulums internes faibles ou inexistants sur les molaires, et présence d'un hypoconulide sur M/1 et M/2; P/4 avec un talonide assez haut, mais souvent sans entoconide; talonide de P/3 court et peu crescentiforme…” This translates: “Generic diagnoses amended, (after Depéret 1917, Viret 1958, Hooker 1986, Franzen and Haubold 1986, amended and supplemented): Palaeotheriidae medium to large; skull length, 170 to 400 mm, length of dental rows from P2-M3 60 to 121 mm, estimated weight less than 10 kg to more than 150 kg. Heterodont dentition with short, incompletely molarized premolars and molars increasing in size posteriorly. Premolar sets complete in older forms, P/1/ ontogenically eliminated earlier and earlier in later forms. Teeth semi-hypsodont; hypsodonty index of upper jugal teeth IH (rectified height/width), evolving from 0.45 to 0.90, with, in the upper molars, a progressive tendency for the inner cones to be overhung by the ectolophus. Development of coronal cementum on the jugal teeth, becoming thicker towards the back of the dental arches and increasing phyletically; high rate of pericanalicular dentin. Styles of upper jugal teeth well developed; median ribs on each lobe of ectoloph; paraconule well separated from protocone; metalophon connecting to ectoloph only at advanced stage of wear; transverse lophs inflected posteriorly and cusps phyletically tending to align parallel to sagittal plane on unworn teeth. P4/ with or without mesostyle, often without hypocone; metacone of P3/ phyletically reducing. Crescents of lower jugal teeth not fused at point of contact, with well-deepened internal valleys, metastylid present and not very distinct from metaconid, except on deciduous molars; internal cingulae weak or absent on molars, and hypoconulid present on M/1 and M/2; P/4 with fairly high talonid, but often without entoconid; talonid of P/3 short and not very crescent-shaped...." Diagnosis for P. annectens by Remy, 2004, p. 78: “Diagnose : espèce un peu plus grande que P. minor: LBCT 205 à 220 mm, LRDJ 76 à 87 mm au maxillaire. Ouverture nasale plus creusée, échancrée jusqu'à P2/ ou P3/; DPC plus court, 19 à 32% de LRDJ au maxillaire, 26 à 37% à la mandibule. Dentition plus progressive que chez P. cartieri avec des molaires supérieures assez hypsodontes, à face occlusale relativement resserrée, mais moins resserrée que chez P. minor. Série complète des prémolaires, mais P1 rapidement expulsées. Une assez grande variabilité morphologique au niveau des prémolaires et des dernières molaires.” This translates: “Diagnosis: Species slightly larger than P. minor: LBCT 205-220 mm, LRDJ 76-87 mm in maxilla. Nasal aperture deeper, indented to P2/ or P3/; CPD shorter, 19 to 32% LRDJ in maxilla, 26 to 37% in mandible. Dentition more progressive than in P. cartieri with fairly hypsodont upper molars, with relatively narrow occlusal face, but less narrow than in P. minor. Complete set of premolars, but P1 rapidly expelled. Quite a lot of morphological variability in the premolars and last molars." Reconstruction of the skull by Remy, 2004, p. 86: Identified by oilshale using Remy, 2004. References: Cuvier G., (1804): Sur les espèces d'animaux dont proviennent les os fossiles répandus dans la pierre à plâtre des environs de Paris. Annales du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 1er Mém., 1ère Sect.: 275-303, pl. I (23) à VI (29); 2ème Mém.: 364-387, pl. VIII (31) à XIII (36); 3è Mém.: 442-472, pl. I (38) à VI (43). Owen R., (1848): On the fossil remains of Mammalia referable to the genus Palaeotherium, and to two genera, Paloplotherium and Dichodon, hitherto undefined from the Eocene sand at Hordle, Hampshire. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society, London, IV : 17-42. Remy, A. (2004): Le genre Plagiolophus (Palaeotheriidae, Perissodactyla, Mammalia): révision systématique, morphologie et histologie dentaires, anatomie crânienne, essai d'interprétation fonctionnelle. Palaeovertebrata, Montpellier, 33 (1-4): 17–281, 65 fig., 47 tabl., 17 pl. Lettéron, A., Hamon, Y., Fournier, F., Séranne, M., Pellenard, P. and Joseph, P. (2018): Reconstruction of a saline, lacustrine carbonate system (Priabonian, St-Chaptes Basin, SE France): depositional models, paleogeographic and paleoclimatic implications. Sedimentary Geology, Elsevier, 367, pp.20-47. doi: 10.1016/j.sedgeo.2017.12.023ff.
  4. From the album: Vertebrates

    Plagiolophus minor (Cuvier, 1804) Late Eocene Ludian St. Hippolyte-de-Caton Gard France
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