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  1. Opabinia Blues

    White River Teeth ID

    Hello, everyone, Lately this summer I’ve been doing a bit of casual fossil collecting (with explicit permission!) on some land that a very close family friend owns in Weld County, Colorado that has a lot of exposure of the White River Formation, and I’ve collected a sizable amount of material including some pretty awesome finds. Being an amateur, I need some help identifying some of the fossils I’ve collected. Since the forum has a photo upload limit per post, I’ll be making a few threads for different finds, I hope that is ok. The following are two teeth that I found very near to (but not attached to) a piece of jaw bone. My current hypothesis is that these two teeth are associated with the same jaw. From Weld County, CO. Though hard to tell from the pictures, tooth #1 does have a distinctive ridge at the apex of the crown, though this could just be wear. Tooth #2 appears only to be a fragment, and a small fragment at that, and so may or may not be identifiable unless it turns out they’re from the same animal and the first tooth is identified. #1: #2: Thanks!
  2. I have zero fossil-finding experience but apparently this area is significant? Is it maybe an impression of something? Thanks and sorry if this is just a rock!
  3. fossilhunter21

    Archaeotherium Tooth?

    Hello, everyone! So, a little while a ago I was working on digging up a fossil, and found this interesting fossil (tooth?). Right now I have it catalogued as an Archaeotherium tooth. And I was just wondering if it really is an Archaeotherium tooth? Thanks! Cheers and Shalom, -Micah
  4. fossilhunter21

    Some White River Formation Fossils For ID

    Hello everyone! Earlier this year, in August, I went fossil hunting in the White River Formation. This jaw was one of the first specimens I found. Unfortunately when I found it, it was actually in better shape... When I found it it had obviously been out in the weather for quite some time, and so it was kind of fragile. I was not thinking, and just took it out of the ground, hoping I could put most of the pieces together later. I know it was a dumb decision, and I won't do it again (hopefully...). Along the way, I lost some parts, and so now it is not near as complete as it was. I am thinking it looks like Archaeotherium, but just thought I would ask for some other opinions. I don't know if it is possible to ID it down to species, because it is not super complete, but I would at least like to know what genus it is from. Specimen Length: About 3 Inches Location Where Specimen Was Found: Crawford, NE More specimens to come! Thanks, -Micah
  5. These two (partial) bones were collected two summers ago (2021) on private land in Weld County, Colorado. They’re from a super fossiliferous bit of exposure which, based on the Oreodont fauna, is likely to be part of the Poleslide Member, which dates to the early Oligocene. These bones have puzzled me since I collected them, and I had for quite a while hypothesized that they must be some sort of ungulate metatarsal. I decided to pull them out again tonight, and having more experience with osteology generally I have decided that these look decidedly avian - specifically, the proximal ends of a right tarsometatarsus. The White River Formation has a rather diverse formally described avifauna: Benton et al. (2015) lists six genera in five families along with several different morphologies of bird eggs in The White River Badlands: Geology and Paleontology, however only one family (the Bathornithidae) has more than one described genus. Bird fossils are well-documented from the WRF, and incidentally quite a few avian holotypes have been described from the White River Formation in Colorado, so perhaps the preservational bias favors them more in that general region. However, bird fossils are simply generally rare in the fossil record due to their delicate nature, so I thought I’d post on the forum before I make a (relatively) extraordinary claim. Now, these two bones aren’t in any way associated, but they’re the exact same sort of bone. They’re identical (with the exception of the shorter one being slightly larger) - same bone, same taxon (as far as I can tell, the shorter one has some weathering). This is what puts me off even more - what are the odds that not only did I come across bird fossils, but that I independently found the exact same end of the exact same bone from the exact same avian taxon in the same week? Tarsometatarsus bones do seem to be a fairly commonly preserved isolated element for fossil birds, many genera are described based of a single tarsometatarsus and the same summer I found these I happened to find an avian tarsometatarsus in the Hell Creek Formation. But it would still be odd. Here are the pictures: I should also add that these bones are in fact thin-walled and hollow, though getting the camera to focus on the broken ends is difficult. But that doesn’t automatically make them avian, bones are fairly frequently hollowed out by simple decay. Below is an image from Benton et al. (2015), with an illustration of the holotype tarsometatarsus of Badistornis aramus, an extinct relative of the living limpkin, for comparison: My bones actually compare quite well to this illustration, though there are differences so I wouldn’t assign them to this genus/species even if I could confirm that they are bird tarsometatarsi. I also don’t think that they’re Bathornithid bones, even though those are the most famous birds from this rock unit. Of the genera from the WRF only Bathornis has a known tarsometatarsus, and it’s both morphologically very different and much larger than my bones. I’ve also ruled out the Galliformes and Falconiformes (two bird orders with representatives in the WRF), again assuming these are avian bones. I think that it compares best with wading birds such as herons and, indeed, limpkins. But this is mostly informed speculation I admit. So does anyone have any thoughts? Is there a more obvious answer for what this bone could be, or does it truly have avian affinities in your opinion? Looking forward to hearing everyone’s thoughts. References: Benton, R. C., Terry, D. O., Evanoff, E. and McDonald, H. G. (2015). The White River Badlands: Geology and Paleontology. Indiana University Press.
  6. Grad student finds a new saber-toothed species, in a museum, University of Oregon, Department of Earth sciences Abstract The open access paper is: Barrett, P.Z., 2021. The largest hoplophonine and a complex new hypothesis of nimravid evolution. Scientific reports, 11(1), pp.1-9. Yours, Paul H.
  7. From the album: Fossilhunter21's collection

    Genus: Merycoidon Location: Our Heritage Guest Ranch, Crawford, NE Date of Discovery: 8/12/22 Image of Meryocoidodon culbertsoni Skeleton:
  8. From the album: Fossilhunter21's collection

    Genus: Archaeotherium Location: Our Heritage Guest Ranch, Crawford, NE Date of Discovery: 8/9/22 Image of Archaeotherium mortoni Skull:
  9. From the album: Fossilhunter21's collection

    Genus: Archaeotherium Location: Our Heritage Guest Ranch, Crawford, NE Date of Discovery: 8/9/22 Image of Archaeotherium mortoni Skull:
  10. Hey all. I had these pictures sent to me by a friend, and we're both totally stumped over what this possibly could be. It was found pretty densely surrounded by other shattered bone. Any help at all would be greatly appreciated- we've really been scratching our heads over this one!
  11. fossilhunter21

    Helix Leidyi

    From the album: Fossilhunter21's collection

    Species: Helix Leidyi Location Crawford, NE Date of discovery: 8/9/22
  12. fossilhunter21

    Helix Leidyi

    From the album: Fossilhunter21's collection

    Species: Helix Leidyi Location Crawford, NE Date of discovery: 8/9/22
  13. fossilhunter21

    Oreodont skull #2

    From the album: Fossilhunter21's collection

    Species: Merycoidodon sp. Location: Crawford, NE Date of discovery: 8/12/22
  14. fossilhunter21

    Oreodont skull #2

    From the album: Fossilhunter21's collection

    Species: Merycoidodon sp. Location: Crawford, NE Date of discovery: 8/12/22
  15. fossilhunter21

    Oreodont skull #2

    From the album: Fossilhunter21's collection

    Species: Merycoidodon sp. Location: Crawford, NE Date of discovery: 8/12/22
  16. fossilhunter21

    Fossil hunting trip!

    Me and my family just finished up our first fossil hunt! We are still at the ranch, but are leaving in the morning. We all are sad to have to leave the ranch. We all had fun exploring and doing different thimgs, (though some of us a lot less than others) and really enjoyed talking with, Rick and, Jean. They are really nice people. And it is a really nice place to stay. Unfortunately the guide, and everyone else cancled, so we were fossil hunting alone. WE left home at 2 AM on saturday, and arrived in Omaha, NE around 11 AM. We stopped in Omaha to visit with some family, and stayed overnight at an airbnb. The scenery is pretty cool where we stayed! We were very glad that the airbnb was near the top of the hill, instead of at the bottom. Sunday we left the airbnb around 6 AM, and stopped for lunch at a park sometime around 11:00? I don't know, never been good with rembering stuff like that. Here is a photo of the river running through the park we we visited for a lunch break: After lunch we quickly hit the road again. And FINALLY at 3 in the afternoon we arrived! It is truly amazing out here. Indiana is extremely boring compared to the western part of Nebraska! We spent some time enjoying the sunset, and stars before finally calling it a night. You can see so much more stuff in the sky at night here than Indiana. That is to be expected, as we are not really close to any big towns. Monday we went to Crawford, and got some groceries. The grocery stores are very different than the ones in Indiana. Then we visited the University of Nebraska State Museum's Trailside Museum of Natural History. They have some pretty interesting fossils. And it was not very expensive to get in. We then wondered around Fort Robinson, before taking the Smiley Canyon Scenic Drive. It is a scenic drive, where you are supposed to be able to see Bison. And we did see some Bison, but they were too far away to get good pictures, Unfortunately. Here are some pictures I took along the scenic drive: We then went to a rock shop, and I got what appears to be a pretty complete unprepared oreodont skull. I am looking forward to taking a better look at it when I get home, but for now it is all wrapped up. We then went back to the ranch, and had dinner, and went to sleep. TUESDAY we got up early, and, Jean took us out to a part the badlands she owns, and kind of showed us around. We then went fossil hunting on our own, and I found an oreodont jaw at almost the very second that we stopped where we were going to hunt. I was very excited! Then for a while all we were finding were snails and bone pieces and things like that. AND THEN I found a mostly complete tortoise! A little after I had found it we went back to the ranch and rested and then came back out in the evening. Unfortunately I did not dig deep enough, so I left some of the tortoise in the hole, and the supplies we had were not good enough, so the plaster jacket did almost nothing, and the tortoise sorta fell apart when we got back... My chest started to hurt right after we went fossil hunting for the first time on tuesday. After we came back from fossil hunting in the evening my chest hurt VERY badly. I would rather be sick than have that kind of pain. If I moved it made it worse, and laying down made it worse. Eventually I was able to lay down, and get some sleep, but it still hurt. I know why I was in so much pain. It is because of my pectus evacatum. It makes one side of my chest sink in, and if my heart beats too hard, then it starts to hurt. But usually it just hurts for a few seconds On wednesday we decided to not go fossil hunting, as my body obviously needed a break. We went to The Mammoth Site, and looked around at all the cool stuff they had. It is a pretty interesting place. We then went to JH Keith Cascade Falls Picnic Area, and got into the water, but it was kind of chilly, so I did not go swimming. We then stopped at a food store that looked interesting, and got some goodies. Then we went to Walmart to get some supplies, and food. We then headed back to the ranch to get some more rest. Thursday, Jean took us out to a new location, and again, almost as soon as we stopped where we wanted to hunt, I found something, but this time it was a skull. It is fairly weathered, but it has both uppers and lowers. Then a little while after I found that skull, I found another skull, this one being not as weathered, but I don't know how much is there. I then decided to work plaster jacketing the first skull, and got it out of the ground. But there was not enough time, or plaster to plaster jacket the second skull. So we went back to the ranch, and then went to a hardware store, and Dollar General, to get some more supplies. Unfortunately DG did not have what I wanted, but it was not something I really needed. We then went back to the ranch, and were too tired to do any more fossil hunting that day. Friday we headed out early again, and I worked on the second skull, and while working on that, I explored some more of the area and discovered a couple more skulls, though none of them are in amazing shape. I unfortunately had nothing with me to mark the best one. I tried to mark it with some rocks, but unfortunately I was not able to refind it when I had all my tools. I was able to finish up the second skull, jacket a really worn down one with duct tape and foil. I also was able to remove an oreodont lower jaw, maybe part of the skull cap, and a bone or two, they appear to be from the same specimen. Again we were too tired to go out in the evening, so we rested. SATURDAY (today) we went rock hunting, not really something I am interested in, but the rest were interested, and they found some interesting rocks. I did not really collect any rocks. I found a bullet though. I have no clue what it came from or how old it is, but to me it looks modern. We then headed back to the ranch to have lunch, and get everything ready, and packed up, as we are leaving in the morning Sorry that I took so few photos! I just am not great with remembering to take them. I need to work on that. I will try to post some pics of my finds soon! Thanks for looking! -Micah
  17. The first (and only- for now) Oreodont skull I prepped was in remarkably good condition and required virtually no reconstruction, just a thorough and careful cleaning + a little stabilizing. Afterwards I was looking for a good way to display this little skull in a manner where it wouldn't just be sitting on a flat surface. I'm not great at bending metal to create an elevated cradle so I came up with this: I laid a sheet of plastic wrap on the underside of the skull and gently pressed Apoxie sculpt on top of the plastic so it molded to the contours of the skull. I then pressed a metal rod bent in two 90 degree angles into the Apoxie making sure it was straight. After setting for a little while- still soft enough to pull it away from the skull without getting stuck, but firm enough to hold its shape- I pulled the mold out and allowed it to dry. Once fully hardened I lightly sanded to smooth out some of the rougher contours and reduce the overall size so it wouldn't be as visible with the skull resting on it. A bit of tweaking here and there and I got it so that the skull could gently 'clip' in and out of the mold. Attached are a couple shots of the original piece with matrix, and the finished fossil and stand. I am really happy with the end result and plan on using this in the future- I hope you find it interesting and useful as well!
  18. I came across this jaw fragment from a spot in the White River Formation, Central WY. I'm going crazy trying to ID this thing- any suggestions?
  19. Found these teeth while hiking at Pawnee Buttes last year and am unsure what they belong too. My top guess would be Oreodont though.
  20. Max fragmento

    Hyaenodon ?

    Hello I found this in the White River Formation in Wyoming. Is this a Hyaenodon ? The block of rock seemed much harder than usual and had no cracks in it. It was more difficult to prep out than other similar fossils (oredonts, archeotherim, Probotherium) that I have found in the same area. I think maybe the harder un-cracked matrix contributed to the nicer quality of the fossil. Lots of amateur prepping mistakes but the matrix was soooo resistant to removal. Just wouldnt pop off nice like it does sometimes and I dont own a respectable sand blaster machine.
  21. Hey everyone! Me and my family are thinking about taking a trip to the White River Formation. But we were wondering what some good places are to go fossil hunting? Thank you, -Micah
  22. MarcoSr

    Petrified Flame Sponge?

    Have you ever heard of Petrified Flame Sponge from Wyoming? I just bought (in the mail) the below piece because I want to look at it under a microscope and I think I can take some interesting pictures of it. It is supposed to be from the White River Formation in Wyoming. See the below cards with it. Marine from the White River Formation doesn’t make sense to me. Fluvial would, but not for sponges. Tsunami in Wyoming also doesn’t make sense. Reworked from older Formation? Ideas on what this is? Just a name for a type of agate? Petrified Flame Sponge Slab, Late Eocene/Early Oligocene White River Formation, Wyoming (66 grams 3.5 inches x 6.2 mm thick): Marco Sr.
  23. Opabinia Blues

    White River Formation Carnivore Canine

    Hello! This is a canine tooth (that has been split in half) that I collected from the White River Formation (I believe Poleslide Member of the Brule) from Weld County, CO. I think it is a carnivore’s canine rather than simply an Oreodont canine just due to its size, but I could be wrong there I suppose. My best guess is Daphoeneus or similar due to its shape, it does not look like Hyaenodon to me, but again, could be totally off there. Pictured is the tooth’s lateral surface, interior (because it was split when I found it) and the “cutting surface.” Thanks!
  24. Hey everyone! So I have been having trouble finding more unprepared White River Formation fossils that I could buy. So I thought I might ask my freinds on TFF if they know where I could get some. Thanks! Ps. Please PM me with any information.
  25. fossilhunter21

    Oreodont prep!

    I recieved this skull yesterday and have been working on it whenever I have time. The skull is not super complete, but I still like it. Here are the images from the seller:
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