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  1. oilshale

    Hapalocrinus innoxius Schmidt, 1934

    From the album: Invertebrates

    Hapalocrinus innoxius Schmidt, 1934 Early Devonian Early Emsian Hunsrueck Shale Bundenbach Grube Eschenbach Rhineland-Palatinate Germany
  2. oilshale

    Hapalocrinus sp.

    From the album: Invertebrates

    Hapalocrinus sp. Early Devonian Early Emsian Hunsrueck Shale Bundenbach Grube Eschenbach Rhineland-Palatinate Germany
  3. Taxonomy from Fossilworks.org. Description from Südkamp 2017, p. 147:" The small holothurian has a cylindrical form consisting of a distinct oral region with surrounding tentacles, and at the other end an elongate body that is rounded distally. The lobate arrangement of the 25 plated tentacles, the large ovate madreporite plate (perforated plate for entering of water), and the weakly developed calcareous ring are primitive features among the holothurians. The ossicles of the body wall are numerous small granules underlain by small plate-like elements. In the basal part thorn-like elements are more abundant." Identified by oilshale using Südkamp 2017. References: Lehmann, W. M. (1958). Eine Holothurie zusammen mit Palaenectria devonica und einem Brachiopoden in den unterdevonischen Dachschiefern des Hunsrücks durch Röntgenstrahlen entdect. Notizblatt des Hessischen Landesamtes für Bodenforschung 86, p 81-86. Südkamp, W. (2017) Life in the Devonian. Identification book Hunsrück Slate fossils. Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, München.
  4. oilshale

    Praecardium sp.

    From the album: Invertebrates

    Praecardium sp. Early Devonian Early Emsian Hunsrück Slate Group Kaub Formation Bundenbach Grube Eschenbach Germany Dia. 6cm
  5. oilshale

    Nahecaris stuertzi JAEKEL, 1921

    Taxonomy from Fossilworks.com Brauckmann et al. 2002, p. 215 claim that "Nahecaris is a subjective junior synonym of Dilophaspis as already suggested by HAHN (1990)." Description from Südkamp 2017, p. 83: "Nahecaris is the most common non-trilobite arthropod. The large bivalved shield (carapace) covers the head, thorax, and anterior segments of the abdomen. Dorsally, a short anterior rostral plate and a longer posterior median plate separate the valves. The carapace shape (deep and rounded or long and narrow) and the ornamentation (generally fine ridges parallel to the oral border) varies. A strengthened rim along the margin forms a doublure. The head bears a pair of large, club-shaped, stalked eyes, and two pairs of biramous antennae, the second much larger than the first. The thoracic segments each bear a pair of biramous slender limbs (thoracopods) that decrease in size posteriorly. Mostly, the endopods are curved downwards so that they form a cone-shaped feeding basket. The abdomen consists of seven cylindrical segments, of which only up to four are visible. The first five bear biramous limbs (pleopods) made up of flap-like branches. The seventh abdominal segment is twice to three times longer than the others. The abdomen terminates with a median telson spine, flanked by two much longer, and coarser, lateral furcal branches. The ornament of abdomen and telson is similar to that of the carapace." Line drawing from Broili, 1929, p. 256: References: Broili, F. (1929) Beobachtungen an neuen Arthropodenfunden aus den Hunsrückschiefern. Sitzungsber. d. b. Akad. d. Wissensch. mathem.-naturw. Abt. 253-280. Taf. Jan Bergström et al. (1987) Nahecaris stuertzi , a phyllocarid crustacean from the Lower Devonian Hunsrück Slate. Paläontologische Zeitschrift 61(3):273-298. DOI 10.1007/BF02985909 Brauckmann, C., Koch, L., Gröning, E. (2002) New evidence for the synonymy of Dilophaspis and Nahecaris (Phyllocarida; Lower Devonian; Rhenish Massif). Paläontologische Zeitschrift, 76 (2): 215-222, Abb. 1-6, Tab. 1. Südkamp, W. (2017) Life in the Devonian. Identification book Hunsrück Slate fossils. Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, München.
  6. Taxonomy from Bandel et al. 1983. Diagnosis from Bandel et al. 1983, p. 411:"First chamber 0.5 - 0.6 mm wide and spherical, following chamber of equal height, but rapidlx increasing in width. Beyond the 3rd - 4th chamber, septa are less distinct and appear, if at all, as a transversal striation of very slow increase in width. At a length of 3 mm the conch develops a dorsal median keel and two lateral keels. Apical angle between 18-30°." Identified by oilshale. References: BANDEL, K., REITNER, J. & STÜRMER, W. (1983): Coleoids from the Lower Devonian Black Slate ("Hunsrück-Schiefer") of the Hunsrück (West Germany). N. Jb. Geol. Paläont. Abh., 165: 397 417; Stuttgart. Südkamp, W. (2017) Life in the Devonian. Identification book Hunsrück Slate fossils. Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, München.
  7. References: María Consuelo Sendino Lara (2009) REVISIÓN DE LA COLECCIÓN DE CONULARIIDAE DE THE NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM DE LONDRES. ISBN: 978-84-692-1118-2
  8. Together with Hapalocrinus frechi JAEKEL, 1895. Taxonomy from Fossilworks.org. Description from Südkamp 2017, p. 142: "Ophiurina and 'Eschenbachia' are the smallest ophiuroids of the Hunsrück Slate. The round disc is covered with a finely granular skin. The margin of the disc consists of 15 rod-like plates, of which every three of them are lying interradially. The marginals are connected to the second arm segment (personal information F. Hotchkiss, 2016). the vertebral halves are arranged in opposing pairs. The largest elements of the arm skeleton are the curved laterals, which bear a row of small spines of unequal length. They are orally touching across the midline of the arms. The five slender arms taper in their first halves evenly and the laterals become long slender rods towards the extremity of the arms" Identified by oilshale. References: Stürtz, B. (1890) Neuer Beitrag zur Kenntniss paläozoischer Seesterne. Palaeontographica 36:203-247. Südkamp, W. (2017) Life in the Devonian. Identification book Hunsrück Slate fossils. Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil. München 2017. ISBN978-3-89937-221-2.
  9. From the album: Invertebrates

    Mitrocystites styloideus DEHM, 1934 Early Devonian Emsian Hunsrueck Shale Bundenbach Grube Eschenbach Rhineland-Palatinate Germany
  10. oilshale

    Ophiurina lymani Stuertz, 1890

    From the album: Invertebrates

    Ophiurina lymani Stuertz, 1890 Early Devonian Emsian Hunsrueck Shale Bundenbach Grube Eschenbach Rhineland-Palatinate Germany
  11. Taxonomy from Mindat.org. Together with the small brittlestar Ophiurina lymani. Description for the genus from Südkamp 2017, p. 106" The uniseral arms branch at least once above the second brachial. Proximally they bear pinnules on every second brachial. Beyond the seventh of these, a pinnule is attached to every brachial. Hapalocrinus has quadrangular or rectangular brachials. The anal tube is absent or incipient. The stem is slender. Some elements of the upper stem bear straight spines." Identified by oilshale. References: C. Bartels, M. Poschmann, T. Schindler & M. Wuttke (with contributions by H.-G. Mittmeyer) (2002) Palaeontology and palaeoecology of the Kaub Formation (Lower Emsian, Lower Devonian) at Bundenbach (Hunsrück, SW Germany). Metalla (Bochum) 9.2, p. 105-122. Südkamp, W. (2017) Life in the Devonian. Identification book Hunsrück Slate fossils. Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, München.
  12. From the album: Invertebrates

    Naefiteuthis breviphragmoconus Bandel et al., 1983 Early Devonian Emsian Hunsrueck Shale Bundenbach Grube Eschenbach Rhineland-Palatinate Germany
  13. oilshale

    Tentaculitid non det.

    From the album: Invertebrates

    Tentaculitid non det. Early Devonian Emsian Hunsrueck Shale Bundenbach Grube Eschenbach Rhineland-Palatinate Germany Length 5cm
  14. From the album: Invertebrates

    Hapalocrinus frechi Jaeckel, 1895 and Ophiurina lymani Stuertz, 1890 Early Devonian Emsian Hunsrueck Shale Bundenbach Grube Eschenbach Rhineland-Palatinate Germany
  15. oilshale

    Rhenops anserinus Richter, 1916

    From the album: Invertebrates

    Rhenops cf. anserinus Richter, 1916 Early Devonian Emsian Hunsrueck Shale Bundenbach Grube Eschenbach Rhineland-Palatinate Germany
  16. oilshale

    Asteropyge sp.

    From the album: Invertebrates

    Asteropyge sp. Early Devonian Emsian Hunsrueck Shale Bundenbach Grube Eschenbach Rhineland-Palatinate Germany
  17. From the album: Invertebrates

    Palaeocucumaria hunsrueckiana Lehmann, 1958 Early Devonian Emsian Hunsrueck Shale Bundenbach Rhineland-Palatinate Germany
  18. From the album: Invertebrates

    Orthoceras sp. colonised with Bryozoa Early Devonian Emsian Bundenbach Rhineland-Palatinate Germany
  19. oilshale

    Orthoceras sp.

    From the album: Invertebrates

    Orthoceras sp. Early Devonian Early Emsian Bundenbach Germany
  20. From the album: Invertebrates

    Conularia bundenbachia Richter & Richter, 1930 Early Devonian Hunsrueck Shale Bundenbach Germany
  21. oilshale

    Zaphrentis sp.

    From the album: Invertebrates

    Zaphrentis sp. Early Devonian Hunsrueck Slate Bundenbach Germany
  22. oilshale

    Protospongia rhenana Schlueter, 1892

    From the album: Invertebrates

    Protospongia rhenana Schlueter, 1892 Early Devonian Hunsrueck Slate Bundenbach Germany
  23. Taxonomy from Fossilworks.org. Description from Südkamp 2017, p. 111: " Cup small, low and cone-shaped. The long and slender, non-pinnulated arms divide three to four times isotomously above the sixth to ninth primibrach in variable positions. The anal sack is slender and elongate and composed of several vertical rows of plicate plates. The stem is round with pentangular proximal elements." Of the 5 species described, P. zeaeformis has a relatively truncated cup. The anal sack has the appearance of a cob of maize (long and mostly curved). Identified by oilshale. References: W. Erich Schmidt (1934) Die Crinoideen des Rheinischen Devons. Abhandlungen der Preußischen Geologischen Landesanstalt. Neue FolgeHeft 163, pp.1-148. C. Bartels, M. Poschmann, T. Schindler & M. Wuttke (2002) Palaeontology and palaeoecology of the Kaub Formation (Lower Emsian, Lower Devonian) at Bundenbach (Hunsrück, SW Germany) Metalla (Bochum) 9.2, 2002, 105-122. G. D. WEBSTER & C. G. MAPLES (2006) CLADID CRINOID (ECHINODERMATA) ANAL CONDITIONS: A TERMINOLOGY PROBLEM AND PROPOSED SOLUTION. Palaeontology, Vol. 49, Part 1, 2006, pp. 187–212.
  24. References: W. Erich Schmidt (1934) Die Crinoideen des Rheinischen Devons. Abhandlungen der Preußischen Geologischen Landesanstalt. Neue FolgeHeft 163, pp.1-148. C. Bartels, M. Poschmann, T. Schindler & M. Wuttke (2002) Palaeontology and palaeoecology of the Kaub Formation (Lower Emsian, Lower Devonian) at Bundenbach (Hunsrück, SW Germany) Metalla (Bochum) 9.2, 2002, 105-122. G. D. WEBSTER & C. G. MAPLES (2006) CLADID CRINOID (ECHINODERMATA) ANAL CONDITIONS: A TERMINOLOGY PROBLEM AND PROPOSED SOLUTION. Palaeontology, Vol. 49, Part 1, 2006, pp. 187–212.
  25. From the album: Invertebrates

    Parisangulocrinus zeaeformis (FOLLMANN, 1887) Hunsrück slate formation Kaup member Early Devonian Early Emsian Bundenbach Heap pile "Grube Herrenberg" Germany
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