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Scientists: Long-Buried Ice Age Forest Offers Climate Change Clues All Things Considered, Debbie Elliot, February 9, 2018 https://www.npr.org/2018/02/09/584116280/scientists-long-buried-ice-age-forest-offers-climate-change-clues https://www.npr.org/programs/all-things-considered/2018/02/21/587519897 Underwater forest in the Gulf acts as climate change time capsule Times-Picayune, NOLACom News, February, 12, 2018 http://www.nola.com/environment/index.ssf/2018/02/underwater_forest_in_the_gulf.html Alabama's 60,000-year-old underwater forest spills its secrets in new documentary, ALCom News, June 25, 2017 http://www.al.com/news/mobile/index.ssf/2017/06/underwater_forest_discovered_alabama.html Gonzalez, S., Bentley Sr, S.J., DeLong, K.L., Xu, K., Obelcz, J., Truong, J., Harley, G.L., Reese, C.A. and Caporaso, A., 2017. Facies Reconstruction of a Late Pleistocene Cypress Forest Discovered on the Northern Gulf of Mexico Continental Shelf. Gulf Coast Association of Geological Societies Transactions, v. 67, p. 133–146. https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4369196-DeLong-Paper.html http://www.gcags.org/exploreanddiscover/2017/00196_gonzalez_et_al.pdf Faught, M.K. and Donoghue, J.F., 1997. Marine inundated archaeological sites and paleofluvial systems: examples from a karst‐controlled continental shelf setting in Apalachee Bay, Northeastern Gulf of Mexico. Geoarchaeology, 12(5), pp. 417-458. http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.211.1206&rep=rep1&type=pdf https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/46c6/3f837e40f489e80397d8f52a751f046d91f0.pdf A related paper is: Archer, A.W., Elrick, S., Nelson, W.J. and DiMichele, W.A., 2016, Cataclysmic burial of Pennsylvanian Period coal swamps in the Illinois Basin: Hypertidal sedimentation during Gondwanan glacial melt-water pulses. In Contributions to Modern and Ancient Tidal Sedimentology: Proceedings of the Tidalites 2012 Conference: International Association of Sedimentologists Special Publication (Vol. 47, pp. 217-231). https://www.researchgate.net/publication/299407830_Cataclysmic_burial_of_Pennsylvanian_Period_coal_swamps_in_the_Illinois_Basin_Hypertidal_sedimentation_during_Gondwanan_glacial_melt-water_pulses https://repository.si.edu/bitstream/handle/10088/30890/2016-ArcherEtAl MeltwaterPulsesLPIA IAS.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y Yours, Paul H.

While I was on vacation at the Jersey Shore recently a story appeared in the news of a youngster finding a paleo indian flint point along the beach. Considering the rarity and oddity of finding a paleo point on any public swimming beach it's definitely newsworthy. The tendency might be to assume the artifact had resided on the continental shelf along with mastodon remains for eons. But that is very unlikely, almost impossible considering sand along the popular public beachs of the NJ Shore is replished almost every year. Storms during the winter beat up and redefine the shore line every year. Beaches can get a serious work out from the pounding surf. During the spring many shore communities haul in sand to fill in the sand washed away during the winter. There was discussion once before on this board about sand replishment along the NJ shore and where the sand came from. This discussion evolved from the question of various bones, corals and shells being introduced from outside the area. Where the sand actually comes from I'm not exactly sure, various places, but it was agreed sand is hauled from locations within NJ or nearby. So, the paleo point could have originated from many locations on the mainland but the least likely place would be the continental shelf. Another beach NJ find was the neck vertebrae of a giant ground sloth. It was found along a stone jetty on a public beach. Maybe something else hauled in with sand. The vertebrae was in better condition than it should have been for having been in the pounding surf for any amount of time. The ocean can eat up stuff really fast. The shore line is like a rock tumbler working 24 hours a day, seven days a week, year after year.