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To pass some time I've been recently researching early Paleocene life and I keep coming back to researching (in my view) the two strangest and controversial Late Cretaceous-Early Paleocene Formations I know of. These are the Hornerstown Formation dating 66.5-65.5 Million Years ago in what is now New Jersey, U.S. And the Takatika Grit Formation dating 66.5-60.0 Million Years ago in what is now the Chatham Islands, New Zealand. https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/document?repid=rep1&type=pdf&doi=0b3baee9ab1afc7973337f5047495b723fcfa4f2 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/315461615_The_age_of_the_Takatika_Grit_Chatham_Islands_New_Zealand https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0195667109000184?via%3Dihub I've read many reports about these formations and the pretty controversial stuff that's been found in both these areas (Paleocene ammonites and reports of archaic marine reptiles like Paleocene Mosasaurs). I'm really not 100% sure what to make of this as I've heard conflicting hypotheses on whether these more archaic marine reptile fossils were reworked from older formations while others say it's not too too likely? https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-paleontology/article/abs/maastrichtian-ammonites-from-the-hornerstown-formation-in-new-jersey/4F051D07668B7B893EEFECF0506E2F1B https://bioone.org/journals/acta-palaeontologica-polonica/volume-57/issue-4/app.2011.0068/Short-Term-Survival-of-Ammonites-in-New-Jersey-After-the/10.4202/app.2011.0068.full For most of these "controversial" specimens, I would say reworking is likely while some I'll admit I'm not sure? For the Mosasaurs, it's clear that the astroid impact 66 Million Years ago caused their total extinction, but I'm still not 100% convinced that none emerged from the event alive (at least barely) and swam the seas in the very first days of the Danian Paleocene but not too long after. Unlike the mostly terrestrial Non-Avian Dinosaurs, which could only hide in so many places and it's very unlike more than a tiny amount of individuals (not enough to support a population) made it into the Paleocene, the Oceans have slightly more areas to hide and more even for endothermic air breathing animals like Mosasaurs (though as an endotherm, food does become a major issue especially when the ocean food chain nearly collapsed completely). What I'm wondering is how valid are at least "some" of these supposed archaic marine reptile and ammonite fossils from the earliest Paleocene sections of the Hornerstown Formation and the Takatika Grit? Also, of all the Maastrichtian Mosasaurs known so far, which ones would have been the mostly likely to have (at least briefly) survived the Cretaceous-Paleocene Extinction Event of 66 Million Years ago (would it have been generalist feeders, ones that specialized in deep sea hunting, ones with cosmopolitan distributions, ones small by mosasaur standards but still around the same size of the few confirmed large reptiles that survived the event like the 8 meter (26 feet) in length Thoracosaurus, or ones with all these traits and advantages)?

I'm researching bird fauna from the Danian Paleocene era recently and I have some questions about a particular bird, Asteriornis maastrichtensis. It was discovered in late 2019 in Maastrictian deposits of the Maastricht Formation, Cretaceous dating 66.8-66.7 Million Years ago in what is now Belgium and was pretty small in size, about the size of a small duck and weighed only 394 grams when alive. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2096-0 Asteriornis is the earliest confirmed Neognathae (a group of birds of which the majority of birds alive today belong to) and it's oldest remains date to just around One Million Years before the Cretaceous-Paleocene Astroid impact wiped out that last of the non-avian dinosaurs. I've seen a lot of people say that this bird species survived the Cretaceous-Paleocene Extinction event into the Paleocene. It's small size and diet of seeds make it a good candidate to have survived the event, but I haven't found any definitive records yet of Asteriornis from the early Paleocene. What I'm wondering is did Asteriornis survive the Cretaceous-Paleocene Mass Extinction Event 66 Million Years ago and are there any records of Asteriornis that date definitively to the Paleocene era?

What you guys think about this tooth? For me- it's a Hexanchidae tooth fragment, but it also smillair to Pseudocoracidae. Nasiłów, Poland Greensand, Mastrichtian/Danian

I found this bone in Limhamn, Malmö, Sweden Paleocene in age (Danian) Does anyone possibly know what animal it belonged to? Now I'm not good with bones but I'm thinking bird? Crocodiles, Birds, Fish has been found at this locality. + another bone?

Hello! I have some fossils that need to be id Most invertebrates I find I can id them myself. But these are some that I cant id or that Im not sure if the id is correct. There is also one Vertebrate? That I have prepped a bit that hopefully someone can id picture n1: information: It was found in Limhamn, Malmö, Sweden. Age is Danian period part Paleocene. Fossil fish, Crocodiles, Birds have been found in this locality. As i think its some kind of bone Picture n2: Information this shell has also been found in Limhamn, Malmö Sweden Danian period part of the paleocenePicture n3: information this shell was also found in limhamn Malmö, Sweden Danian period part of the paleocene period I was thinking about this shell being a Spondylus?Picture n4: This shell was also found in Limhamn Sweden Malmö Danian period part of the paleocenePicture n5: This shell was found in Ignaberga Quarry in Sweden its upper Cretaceous in age I have found many of these but never figured out the species

The dinosaurs didn’t go out the way you think they did — study The paper is: Pickersgill, A.E., Mark, D.F., Lee, M.R., Kelley, S.P. and Jolley, D.W., 2021. The Boltysh impact structure: An early Danian impact event during recovery from the K-Pg mass extinction. Science Advances. Vol. 7, no. 25, eabe6530 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abe6530 Yours, Paul H.

It's been a long time since I wanted to visit that site. Situated 500kms away from my home was the only reason for the delay. It is among the 5 geosites in Bulgaria where you can spot the K/T boundary, a thin layer of approximately 3cm rich in iridium, dark colour and clayish/Ash texture. I never saw spotted Anyway, the place is beautiful, similar to the south coast of Britain. I would call it Dorset of the Black Sea. As you may notice, the whole formation is made off loose sediments that are prone to landslides. The ideal places to look for fossils are at the bottom and near the debris of fallen boulders. Many traces of Upper Cretaceous ammos but nothing worth keeping. In situ echinoid, eroded by the waves. I kept this one. Some partial echinoids which I left so that others can determine the formation. My first complete Echinocorys sp. Very good preservation. Danian age The rest echinoids I collected. The one on top is within the matrix, but since next week I will have air pen and compressor, I thought to collect. This formation is supposed to be the most major echinoid site in Bulgaria. I guess due to many fossil hunting, the yield is low. Or I wasn't in the right place since its my first time here. Anyway, the sea is very beautiful there. If you are not convinced to come for fossil hunting, you may still come after June just for the beach. The place is well connected to the UK through Burgas Airport. Hope you liked the trip, I really enjoyed a warm day by the sea far away from freezing temperatures of Sofia!

Hey I was hoping someone could help me find a PDF copy of a relatively old paper... Troedsson, G.T. (1924). On Crocodilian Remains from the Danian of Sweden. Lunds Universitets Årsskrift, Ny följd. Avdeling 2, 20, 1–75. Part of it contains the description of a very well-preserved skull of Thoracosaurus "scanicus", which would be very relevant for a research paper I'm working on right now. Thanks in advance! -Christian

I found this tooth in the Danian of the Paleocene. I have access to a microscope that is hooked up to a tv. My pictures are taken of the image on the screen so the images aren't great. I didn't actually measure the tooth, but it is approx. 2mm across and 3-4mm tall.