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Taxonomy from Fossilworks.com. Xu & Wu 2012, p. 112: "Etymology: The generic name is derived from kyphos (Greek), meaning bent and referring to its lumped back, and ichthys (Greek), meaning fish. The species name honors Lance Grande for his recent, valued contribution to the study of the Ginglymodi." Emended diagnosis from Sun & Ni, 2017, p. 3: "(Possible autapomorphies marked with *). Small- to medium-sized, deep-bodied ginglymodian with a remarkable hump between head and dorsal fin (juveniles much more rounded, without the hump). A short, broad, squarish rostral bone; the dorsalmost suborbital bone(s) separating preopercle from dermopterotic bone; two anterior infraorbital bones; seven infraorbital bones between antorbital and dermosphenotic bones; infraorbital bone at the posteroventral corner of the orbit enlarged posteriad, reaching the anterior margin of the preopercle and laterally covering the quadrate; a large splint-like quadratojugal lateral to the quadrate; a short maxilla with a deep supramaxillary notch; two pairs of extrascapular bones; a rounded median gular plate. A compound first pectoral ray fused with basal and fringing fulcra; dorsal and anal fins far posteriorly located, with the insertion of dorsal fin five/six scale rows behind that of the anal fin; presence of scale-like fin rays. A complete scale row bordering the posterior margin of the dorsal body lobe, lacking additional incomplete scale rows. Scales smooth on the surface except for the anterior flank scales which are ornamented with ganoine ridges; posterior margin of scales with spare serrations. Pterygial formula of (D20-21/P7-9A16C25)T29-30." Line drawing from Sun & Ni, 2017, p. 4: References: Xu & Wu, (2012). A deep-bodied ginglymodian fish from the Middle Triassic of eastern Yunnan Province, China, and the phylogeny of lower neopterygians. Chinese Science Bulletin, January 2012 Vol.57 No.1: 111-118. http://www.springerl...28/fulltext.pdf Sun, Z., & Ni, P. (2017). Revision of Kyphosichthys grandei Xu & Wu, 2012 from the Middle Triassic of Yunnan Province, South China: implications for phylogenetic interrelationships of ginglymodian fishes. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, 16(1), 67–85. doi:10.1080/14772019.2016.1269049

The fish was described in 2011 by López-Arbarello et al. under the name Sangiorgioichthys sui and transferred by Xu et al. in 2019 to the newly erected genus Lanshanichthys. Alternative combination: †Sangiorgioichthys sui López-Arbarello et al. 2011. Taxonomy according to Fossilworks.org. Diagnosis for the genus Lanshanichthys from Xu et al 2019, p. 185: “Nasal narrow and curved; frontal 1.8 times as long as parietal; presence of two to four supraorbitals; seven or eight infraorbitals, including two or three between lacrimal and posteroventral infraorbital; three or four suborbitals, separated by posteroventral infraorbital into two or three dorsal ones and single ventral one; presence of preopercle/ dermopterotic contact; supramaxilla nearly half of length of maxilla (excluding anteromedial process); opercle 2.2–3.0 times as deep as subopercle (excluding anterodorsal process); median gular nearly circular, 0.4 times as long as lower jaw; 19–21 principal caudal rays.” Diagnosis of the species Sangiorgioichthys sui according to López-Arbarello et al. 2011, p. 27: “Species of Sangiorgioichthys Tintori and Lombardo, 2007, distinguished by the following combination of features: two pairs of extrascapular bones, the medial paired usually fused to the parietals; maxilla with a complete row of small conical teeth; supramaxilla long, more than half of the length of the maxilla; only two large suborbital bones posterior to the orbit, a dorsal smaller and a ventral much larger elements; flank scales with finely serrated posterior borders. " Description of the species Sangiorgioichthys sui according to López-Arbarello et al. 2011, p. 28: “Resembling the other species of this genus, Sangiorgioichthys sui n. sp. is a rather small and fusiform fish (Fig. 2). The standard length (SL) of the holotype is 81 mm, the total length being >105 mm and the maximum body-depth 30 mm: the ratio of body-length vs. body-depth is 3.5. The orbit is about 9 mm, 32% of the head length. The studied specimens vary between 42 mm and 124 mm SL. The length of the head ranges between 29–43 % of the SL, showing a nice negative correlation with the size of the specimens, i.e. the smaller individuals have larger heads and vice versa (Fig. 3: HL/SL). The opposite trend is observed in the depth of the body, which ranges between 34–49% of the SL from smaller to larger individuals (Fig. 3:BD/SL).” Reconstruction according to López-Arbarello et al. 2011, p. 28: Identified by oilshale using López-Arbarello et al. 2011. References: López-Arbarello, A., Sun, Z. Y., Sferco, E., Tintori, A., Xu, G. H., Sun, Y, L., Wu F. X., and Jiang, D. Y. (2011): New species of Sangiogioichthys Tintori and Lombardo, 2007 (Neopterygii, Semionotiformes) from the Anisian of Luoping (Yunnan Province, South China). Zootaxa 2749:25-39. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2749.1.2 Sun Z. Y., Ni P. G., (2018): Revision of Kyphosichthys grandei Xu & Wu, 2012 from the Middle Triassic of Yunnan Province, South China: implications for phylogenetic interrelationships of ginglymodian fishes. J. Syst Palaeont, 16: 67– 85. DOI: 10.1080/14772019.2016.1269049 Xu G. H., Ma, X. Y., Wu, F. X., and Y. Ren, Y. (2019): A Middle Triassic kyphosichthyiform from Yunnan, China, and phylogenetic reassessment of early ginglymodians. Vertebrata PalAsiatica 57:181-204. DOI: 10.19615/j.cnki.1000-3118.190319