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Showing results for tags 'hell creek formation'.
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From the album: Hell Creek / Lance Formations
An Orectolobiform shark that swam the rivers of the Hell Creek ecosystem. Their teeth closely resemble those of the modern carpet shark, the "wobbegong." This was found in matrix from a channel deposit. -
From the album: Hell Creek / Lance Formations
Triceratops's smaller cousin, this Ceratopsian lacked horns. Note the single root. This is a very small tooth, likely from a baby (the root being present also means that unfortunately this dinosaur did not survive into adulthood). -
From the album: Hell Creek / Lance Formations
A mammal tooth from the group that includes the marsupials. Found in a channel deposit, it's remarkable that the roots are still intact. -
From the album: Hell Creek / Lance Formations
Pectinodon (meaning "comb-tooth") is a tooth taxon, since no remains attributable to the genus beyond teeth have been found. Pectinodon seems to be a rare member of the Hell Creek fauna, with their teeth being fairly uncommon (though being so small, I'd guess that few people actively search for them). It was a small Troodontid theropod, with teeth that couldn't handle stresses as well as their Dromaeosaurid and Tyrannosaurid cousins (Torices et al. (2018)). This coupled with their small size suggest that Pectinodon was a small/soft prey specialist, preferring the rodent-sized mammals of the time, lizards, insects, etc. Some researchers have proposed omnivory as a possibility for Troodontids (cf. Holtz et al. (1998)). Troodontids famously are regarded as among the most intelligent dinosaurs for their large brain size / body size ratio. This notion serves as fodder for speculation that had the dinosaurs not gone extinct, Troodontids (Pectinodon being (one of?) the last) would have continued to grow in intelligence and develop sentience and civilizations. Troodontid teeth like Pectinodon can be easily identified by their small size, exaggerated, triangular, apically oriented posterior serrations. -
From the album: Hell Creek / Lance Formations
A small tooth from a Dromaeosaurid "raptor" dinosaur, located in an anterior position in the mouth. Found in a channel deposit. -
Dinosaur & Croc Faunal List of the Hell Creek and Lance Formations
Troodon posted a topic in Questions & Answers
Edited (04/14/23) With all of the new discoveries over the past few years there is very little out there that is current or accurate. Here is my view of the Dinosaurian/Crocodilian fauna from the Hell Creek and Lance Formation excluding Avialae. Let me add that the lack of a large dataset or complete specimens leaves many unanswered questions for many of these genera. New discoveries will be needed to firm up a any listing of the fanual listing Tyrannosauridae: - Tyrannosaurus rex (Osborn 1905) - Nanotyrannus lancensis (Bakker et al. 1988) - Aublysodon mirandus (Not Valid) Alverezauridae: - Trierarhunchus prairiensis (Fowler et al. 2020) Ornithomimidae: - Struthiomimus sedens? (Marsh 1982) - Ornithomimus velox (March 1890) Caenagnathids: - Anzu wyliei (Lamanna et al. 2014) - Caenagathid indet. including Leptorhynchos (Discussion with P. Larsen multiple additional species probably exist and fragmentary material is known) Dromaeosauridae: - Acheroraptor temertyorum (Evans et al. 2013) - Dakotaraptor steini (DePalma et al. 2015) - Dromaeosaurid indet. (Discussion with P. Larsen and the fact that numerous isolated teeth & foot claws exist which do not fit the other two taxons) - Microraptoria indet. ? (Based on isolated bones in my collection ID as possible by prominent paleontologist, also known from North American Campanian deposits) Troodontidae: - Pectinodon bakkeri (Carpenter 1982) - cf Troodon formosus - cf Zapsalis abradens (not valid) Other Theropods: - cf Richardoestesia gilmorei - cf Richardoestesia isosceles - cf Paronychodon lacustri Ankylosauria: - Ankylosaurus magniventris (Brown 1908) - Denversaurus schlessman (Bakker 1988) - cf Gilyptodontopelta (Nodosaur)(Partial skeleton exists and in the process of being studied by a major museum) (have an isolated osteoderm in my collection, its very distinctive) Pachycephalosauria: - Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis (Gilmore 1931) - Sphaerotholus buchholtzae (Williamson et al. 2002) - Platytholus clemensi (Horner et al. 2023) Ceratopsidae: - Leptoceratops gracilis (Brown 1914) - Leptoceratops sp. (BHI fragmantry material) - Tatankaceratops sacrisonorum (Ott & Larsen 2010) - Torosaurus latus (Marsh 1891) - Triceratops horridus (Marsh 1889) - Triceratops prorsus (Marsh 1890) Others more problematic: - Triceratops sp 2 (Fowler 2017) (MOR 3027 Yoshi specimen) - ?Chasmosaurine MOR 1122 7-22-00-1 - ?Ceratopsian indet. (skulls floating around that are claimed to be a new species including: Nedoceratops hatcher, Lance Fm and Duranteceratops, Hell Creek Fm) Hadrosauridae: - Edmontosaurus annectens (Lambe 1917) - ?Lambeosaurine (Based on a large humerus) Thescelosauridae: - Thescelosaurus neglectus (Glmore 1913) - ?Thescelosaurus gabanii (Morris 1976) (Based on fragmentary material) (A poster was presented at the SVP 2022 meeting of two T. neglectus skulls identified as Male and Female...T gabanii?) Crocodylia: - Borealosuchus sternbergii (Brochu 1997) - Brachychampsa montana (Gimore 1911) - Thoracosaurus neocesariensis (de Kay 1842) - ? Prodiplocynodon langi (Mook 1941)- 34 replies
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- hell creek formation
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Identification Though smaller than many imagine T. rex teeth to be, this is indisputably one. It is characteristically robust, and has chisel-shaped denticles with similar denticle densities on each carina.1 Those qualities support its identification as a Tyrannosaurid, and with the locality information confirming it originated from the Hell Creek formation, this must be T. rex. Comments Like most isolated theropod teeth, this is a shed tooth, likely lost during feeding.2 This specimen has exquisite preservation with the enamel texture sharply retained as in life. It however has minor weathering with possible feeding wear at the tip, light root etching, and the base of the tooth has been lightly smoothed possibly by tumbling in an ancient river (enamel is harder so it wouldn't have weathered as much as other portions of the tooth). References 1. Smith, Joshua B. “Heterodonty in Tyrannosaurus Rex: Implications for the Taxonomic and Systematic Utility of Theropod Dentitions.” Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, vol. 25, no. 4, 2005, pp. 865–87. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/4524513. 2. Fiorillo, Anthony R., and Philip J. Currie. “Theropod Teeth from the Judith River Formation (Upper Cretaceous) of South-Central Montana.” Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, vol. 14, no. 1, 1994, pp. 74–80. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/4523546.
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Identification Teeth of Nodosaurids are often confused for those of their rarer relatives, the Ankylosaurids, namely the archetypical Ankylosaurian, Ankylosaurus. (Most) teeth of Ankylosaurus are taller than they are wide, are generally conical in shape with one side flatter than the other, have large denticles on the anterior and posterior edges (6-8 anterior, 5-7 posterior), and have swollen/bulbous bases. Tooth wear is normally on the crown face, compared to wear on the tip (apex) as in Nodosaurids.1,2 Comments This tooth is partially rooted; the root is cylindrical and hollow. There is a wear facet on one side, offset from the center, with grooves roughly perpendicular to the apicobasal axis (suggestive of the mastication motion). This tooth was found in the same county as the holotype of this species. References 1. Carpenter, K. "Redescription of Ankylosaurus magniventris Brown 1908 (Ankylosauridae) from the Upper Cretaceous of the Western Interior of North America." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences (2004), 41(8): 961-986. https://doi.org/10.1139/e04-043 2. Carpenter, K. "Baby dinosaurs from the Lance and Hell Creek formations and a description of a new theropod." Contributions to Geology (1982), 20: 123–134.
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This is probably a long shot but I figure I’d post it anyway because I’m really not sure what bone this chunk could be from… This is a large chunk of bone (over 15 cm in diameter) from the Hell Creek Formation with a unique shape. A personal find. It’s rounded on one end but tapers at the other, however at the tapering end it’s fairly obviously broken whereas the rounded end appears to simply be weathered. One side is convex like a dome whereas the other side is concave like a bowl. The entire piece is heavily weathered, although there is some intact cortical bone in the concave side. Convex side: Concave side: Thickness: I’ve only ever seen pictures of herbivore unguals, so I’m not sure how well this piece actually matches their shape. If it is an ungual my guess would be Edmontosaurus. Can anyone confirm or deny? And, if not an ungual, any guesses as to what bone or taxon this could be from, or should I leave it in the “chunk-o-saurus” bin? Much thanks.
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My Jurassic Park: Pachycephalosaurid Domes & Teeth from Hell Creek Fm
Troodon posted a topic in Member Collections
Genera include Pachycephalosaurus, Stegoceras, Stygimoloch, and Dracorex in MT, SD and WY and all are found in the Hell Creek and Lance Formations although my specimens are just from the HC. I've identified these domes based on my, best guess, using accepted convention, however, in 2007 Horner presented a theory which proposed that Dracorex hogwartsia and Stygimoloch spinifer are growth stages of Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis and represent an ontogenetic series of P. wyomingensis with Dracorex being the youngest. Pachycephalosaurid indet.: I think the shape is that of a P. wyomingensis but not certain, why I labeled it indet. Braincase cavities visible in ventral view Views: Dorsal, Left Lateral, Ventral Stegoceras sp.: Braincase cavities very evident in ventral view. Views: Dorsal, Left Lateral, Ventral Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis: Interesting partial dome. One gets a great view on how thick these domes were, this one is a whopping 4 inches. A closeup of the structure of the layer beneath the outer surface is quite interesting. Views: Lateral, Dorsal, Ventral, Closeup
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From the album: Hell Creek / Lance Formations
Even in the final years of the non-avian dinosaurs, the paravians remained diverse, with many species represented in the famed Hell Creek formation.- 1 comment
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- acheroraptor
- acheroraptor temertyorum
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From the album: Hell Creek / Lance Formations
Avisaurus cf. archibaldi Hell Creek Fm., Garfield Co., MT, USA More information Avisaurus is an extinct, toothed Enantiornithine bird that lived at the very end of the Cretaceous. It likely held a similar niche that hawks/eagles do today, preying on small vertebrates like lizards and mammals. -
From the album: Hell Creek / Lance Formations
A rooted Ceratopsid tooth - either Triceratops or Torosaurus (though it's more likely to be Triceratops since it was far more abundant in the HC ecosystem). -
Hello fellow fossil hunters, I have a bit of a problematic guess here. I have a bone from the Lance Formation of Wyoming and need some help IDing it. It seems to resemble something like a crocodile coracoid, but not as spot on as I hoped it would. If you have any suggestions I would be glad to here them. Appreciate the help and if you have identified my mystery bone, please send sources to how you know what bone it is. Never will pass an opportunity to learn. Thank you.
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Big News, a new Pachycephalosaurid from the Hell Creek Formation Platytholus clemensi. It's intermediate in size between the small-bodied Sphaerotholus and the largest Pachycephalosaurus Paywalled https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/02724634.2023.2190369#.ZDm0HAS1AH0.twitter
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From the album: Dinosaurs
K-Pg Boundary Microtektites Hell Creek Formation Garfield Co., MT, USA These aren't fossils, but are relevant to the extinction of the non-avian dinosaurs, pterosaurs, large marine reptiles, and many other species of flora/fauna at the end of the Cretaceous. When a large meteor/asteroid struck the earth ~ 66 mya, it sent molten ejecta across the world. Some of this molten material, sourced from the impact site, was shaped by its trajectory through the atmosphere and cooled into small, glassy droplets. The black blobs you see are those droplets, called tektites (each typically ~ 1 mm in diameter). The layer which these came from is more famous for its unusually high concentration of iridium (which is more common in meteorites than on Earth). However, in some locations, tektites have been preserved. In this matrix sample, I've also found carbonized plant material (charcoal), which suggests fires that could be associated with the impact event.- 8 comments
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Troodontids certainly are one of my favorite dinosaur families. Intelligent and what a set of chompers to eat you with, all you can ask for in a cool dinosaur. Will start this with the Pectinodon teeth in my collection and will continue to add as I take photos. This species has some of the coolest teeth. Pectinodon bakkeri is the only named Troodontid in the Hell Creek and Lance Formations. This is a tooth taxon and its teeth are significantly much smaller than its big cousin Troodon formosus. Lance Formation Hell Creek Formation A couple of the teeth in matrix are partially rooted which is extremely rare since the teeth are so small Hell Creek Formation - Powder River County Hell Creek Formation
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My Jurassic Park - Birds/Ptero/Unknown Hell Creek & Lance Formations
Troodon posted a topic in Member Collections
Bird and Pterosaur material is extremely rare in the Hell Creek and Lance Formations. Over the years I've purchased and found a few bones that I believe fit this category but not certain. Some may be mammal or reptilian. I'm not a bird guy so if you see something that does not seem right please let me know. Not a lot is published so I'm always open to learning. I showed this to a well respected theropod paleontologist and the potential ID's were his thoughts Aviasaurus sp. ID : Hxmendoza
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The Black Hills Institute exciting new Oviraptorid discovery this year in the Hell Creek Formation is far far from completion but Pete Larsen has been keeping everyone appraised of its status. Its still mostly in matrix and the arduous task of preparation as just begun. A new species or a new Anzu wyliei skeleton, it looks different. Not as sexy as Tuffs Love T rex skull but scientifically import. Here is a good look at what it takes to extract one of thess raptors. The site a Hell Creek lake deposit Airbraide-airpen outside, slowly making progress to keep the dust down Screening clay filled "mud" collected at the Oviraptorid site and soaked in water for a week. Hoping for bone fragments. The mud is then scooped into a screen Sprayed with water to reduce the clay and mud Slowly the clay breaks down and washes away This is all that's left of 5 gallons of surface scrapings. Hopefully when finished screening the 20 gallons of mud, some bone will be found Cleaned up the tibia-fibula-astragalus-calcanium block with 5 gastralia Working on the Oviraptorid pelvic and neck block. Nice preservation, but some of the matrix is siderite concretion. Airscribe work. Hard tedious work to extract each piece. Lots of skull elements I've circled the lower jaw among skull elements
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Just want to get some opinions before I purchase a tooth. Do you guys think this is definitely a Dakotaraptor tooth? Or does it look more Nano? Size is .71” and it’s from Hell Creek Formation, Garfield County, Montana. 24506BD7-17AC-42BF-B3C6-7C613A84332B.webp 31C05BFB-8621-4C95-9A7A-4A92A0C553D7.webp E6280DD3-5623-4D78-966F-F7A20751CEFB.webp 7CFB9AAF-269D-48B6-A26E-5265AE476524.webp E04ED762-40B5-42D1-BADA-52A77A44425B.webp
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Found this in the Hell creek formation in eastern montana. It measures 2 7/8” long by 3/4” wide. It definitely is not crock. Leaning towards paraxenisaurus. “Strange lizard”. It would be rare in the Hell Creek.
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From the album: Hell Creek / Lance Formations
Cimolodon nitidus Hell Creek Fm., Meade Co., SD, USA M1 (1st upper molar) While you may have mistaken it for a rodent, Cimolodon belonged to a far more ancient and wildly successful group of mammals, the multituberculates (so named for the multiple cusps arranged in rows on their molars). It likely ate seeds and nuts which were handedly ground by its lego-shaped molars. Cimolodon had to be wary of the likes of Pectinodon or other small predatory dinosaurs in the Hell Creek ecosystem. Unlike a few other contemporaneous mammals, this cousin of ours did not survive the K-Pg extinction event and perished along with the non-avian dinosaurs.-
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There are two Tyrannosaurs described in the Hell Creek & Lance Formations, Tyrannosaurus rex and Nanotyrannus lancensis. Teeth from these animals are the number one sought after and coveted item by collectors. I don't understand all the hoopla and prices they command since my friends who I collect with know that I'm not a tooth person and prefer bones and claws. However I've been fortunate to find and acquire a few teeth and will post a several of my nicer ones. My two most favorite T-rex teeth are my biggest and smallest: The Baby (one of the rarest teeth around) is 1 1/8" and when I showed it to Bob Bakkar and Pete Larson they flipped and never had seen a Rex tooth so small and confirmed it was one. Collected from Garfield County, MT. My big Trex one is a rooted Premaxillary tooth at 6". One can see the replacement tooth hole at the bottom of the root T-rex teeth are big and my biggest crown, no root still on the matrix is this 4 5/8" monster. If your are interested none of these teeth have any work done to them. Minor crackfill to the root of the 6" tooth. Serrations are in pretty good shape. .
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Consolidated all my informational Topics to make it easier to reference. Will keep updating since some of the reference material is outdated. Have to thank @PFOOLEY for suggesting this consolidation and it makes it a lot easier for me to access these topics as well as our members to know what's out there. General Tips in Buying Theropod Teeth Dinosaur Anatomy 101 Stratigraphy of the Late Cretaceous in North America Best Books for Dinosaur Identification Rare Theropod Teeth (World Wide) Identification of Some rarer Theropod Teeth Triassic Identification of Dinosaur Teeth from the Triassic of New Mexico Jurassic: Morisson Formation Identification of Theropod Teeth Quick Guide To Sauropod Teeth Tips in Buying a Sauropod Foot Claw Ornithischians from the Morisson Formation Jurassic: Europe Dinosaurs of Costal Portugal Jurassic Theropods of Germany Cretaceous: USA Hell Creek & Lance Formation Fanual List Identification of Theropod Teeth in the Hell Creek and Lance Formations Identification of Troodontid Teeth Identification of Tyrannosaurid Teeth From USA & Canada Identification of Ankylosaurid Teeth Identification of Acheroraptor Teeth Identification of Hadrosaur Teeth Identification of Claws and Ungals from the Hell Creek and Lance Formations Identification of Pachycephalosaurid and Thescelosaurus Teeth Tooth Features in Tyrannosaurids The Case for Nannotyrannus Dakotaraptor Teeth and Claws Hell Creek Fm Identification of Bones /Claws from Alvarezsaurids from North America Hell Creek Faunal Representation Identification of Theropod Teeth from Judith River Formation ( Campanian ) Includes Faunal List Fanual List from the Two Medicine Formations . Theropod Assemblage of New Jersey Cretaceous: Kem Kem of Morocco Kem Kem Theropod Teeth Kem Kem Theropod Tooth Morphology Identification of Sauropod Teeth from the Kem Kem Tips in Purchasing a Spinosaurid Hand Claw Identification of Claws from the Kem Kem Identification of Spinosaurid Jaws from the Kem Kem Guide to Help Purchase Rooted Moroccan Theropod Teeth Pterosaur Teeth from Kem Kem Republic of Niger Identification of Theropod Teeth Thailand Identification of Spinosaurid Teeth Cretaceous: South America Patagonia's Theropod Teeth Cretaceous: Uzbekistan: Identification of Theropod Teeth: Uzbekistan Sauropod Teeth: Uzbekistan Cretaceous: Europe Identifying Baryonyx Teeth
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Dakotaraptor steini was found in a multi-species bonebed in the Hell Creek Formation and lots of questions have been raised around this material since it was described. Elements of the holotype were found to belong to a turtle (furcula) and Anzu (Tibia) and questions raised on others. To make matters worst the holotype is not available for study.. So its been shrouded in controversy. A good review of where we currently stand is presented in the attached Twitter thread
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