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Identification Troodontid teeth may be identified by their exaggerated, triangular, apically directed posterior denticles1. Pectinodon bakkeri is the only Troodontid species currently named from Lancian strata; its teeth are on average smaller and more gracile than those of its cousin, Troodon. Comments Pectinodon (meaning "comb-tooth")1 is a tooth taxon, since no remains attributable to the genus beyond teeth have been found. Pectinodon seems to be a rare member of the Hell Creek fauna, with their teeth being fairly uncommon. It was a small theropod, with teeth that couldn't handle stresses as well as their Dromaeosaurid and Tyrannosaurid relatives2. This coupled with their small size suggest that Pectinodon was a small/soft prey specialist, preferring the rodent-sized mammals of the time, lizards, insects, etc. Some researchers have proposed omnivory as a possibility for Troodontids (cf. Holtz et al. (1998))3. References 1. Carpenter, Kenneth. "Baby dinosaurs from the Late Cretaceous Lance and Hell Creek formations and a description of en new species of theropod." Contributions to Geology 20.2 (1982): 123-134. 2. Torices A, Wilkinson R, Arbour VM, Ruiz-Omeñaca JI, Currie PJ. "Puncture-and-Pull Biomechanics in the Teeth of Predatory Coelurosaurian Dinosaurs." Curr Biol. 2018 May 7;28(9):1467-1474.e2. 3. Holtz TR Jr, Brinkman DL, Chandler CL. "Denticle morphometrics and a possible omnivorous feeding habit for the theropod dinosaur Troodon." Gaia. 1998; 15: 159–166.
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Oddly preserved Tyrannosaurus tooth
AJ the Tyrant posted a topic in Is It Real? How to Recognize Fossil Fabrications
I came across a weird tooth online. The seller claims that it is an all-natural Tyrannosaurus rex tooth from the Hell Creek fm. (no more specifics than that), though it features very odd preservation. It is nearly pure white in color. As I have little experience in tooth identification and telling apart fakes, I would like to gauge everyone's opinions on whether or not this tooth is completely authentic and identified correctly. If I receive any more information about the specimen, I will make sure to list it here. *New info*: The seller has informed me that the tooth has not been bleached by the sun. Rather, the color is due to where it was excavated from. If true, this seems to be a wonderfully unique tooth. The original owner has confirmed that it is from an area near Mosby, Montana (also very close to Jordan, Montana).
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Hope everyone is having a nice weekend. I'm thinking this 6mm tooth (perhaps 7mm, if not for wear) from the Hell Creek formation of Garfield co, Montana is a Troodon premax. What do you think?
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Powder River County Montana L 1 9/10 W 1 4/100 Inches
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Hi @Troodon, I've got one more for you. It's from the Hell Creek formation, Power River co, Montana. It's 7/8" long, but might have been more like 1.5" long if complete, since the point looks like it'd get very slender and long. Potentially with left blood groove swinging up around the top. (The blood grooves are very asymmetrical in trajectory.) Thanks!
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These fossils are from the Hell Creek Formation. The seller said it was a raptor's tooth. Can you guess what species of teeth it is? This is the first tooth the second tooth
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Hope everyone has a good weekend coming to them. Any thoughts on these claw pieces? 1: Hell Creek formation, South Dakota 1 1 1 1 1 2. Hell Creek formation, Garfield county, Montana 2 2 2 2 2
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"That some of these teeth are mammalian incisors there can be but little doubt..." - O. C. Marsh1 This kind of incisor-like ("incisiform") tooth was originally thought to have belonged to a large, Cretaceous mammal. Later discoveries revealed that these teeth were actually the front teeth ("premaxillary teeth") of Tyrannosaurs - and are now known as a hallmark of their clade, Tyrannosauroidea (along with fused nasals). Closely-spaced, parallel grooves on bones suggest that Tyrannosaurs used these teeth to selectively scrape meat from bone2. Identification Tyrannosaurid premaxillary teeth have a "D"-shaped cross section, with the lingual face flattened, and often have an apicobasal ridge on the midline of the lingual face. In more technical language, "...premaxillary teeth bear lingually rotated mesial and distal carinae forming a salinon cross-section at mid-crown height, and a highly convex labial aspect as in tyrannosauroids generally. In mesial/distal views carinae are sinuous, transitioning from lingually convex near the base to lingually concave approaching the occlusal surface. Carinae terminate prior to reaching the root/crown juncture. Mesial and distal aspects of the crown are depressed, yielding a weakly hourglass-shaped cross-section at the crown base... The carinae lack serrations [likely ontogenetically variable]... As in other tyrannosauroids, teeth exhibit a pronounced lingual ridge"3. Most of the current literature supports only one Tyrannosaurid species in the Hell Creek formation, Tyrannosaurus rex, a hypothesis subject to change in light of new evidence. Comments This tooth has no discernible antemortem wear. The collector appears to have applied some preservative coating, giving the enamel a slightly sharper gloss. Given the size, this is from a very young animal (smaller than "Jane", BMRP 2002.4.1). References 1. Marsh, O.C., 1892, "Notes on Mesozoic vertebrate fossils", American Journal of Science, 44: 170-176 2. David W.E. Hone and Mahito Watabe, "New information on scavenging and selective feeding behaviour of tyrannosaurs", Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 55 (4), 2010: 627-634 doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4202/app.2009.0133 3. Zanno, L., Tucker, R.T., Canoville, A. et al. Diminutive fleet-footed tyrannosauroid narrows the 70-million-year gap in the North American fossil record. Commun Biol 2, 64 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-019-0308-7
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"That some of these teeth are mammalian incisors there can be but little doubt..." - O. C. Marsh1 This kind of incisor-like ("incisiform") tooth was originally thought to have belonged to a large, Cretaceous mammal. Later discoveries revealed that these teeth were actually the front teeth ("premaxillary teeth") of Tyrannosaurs - and are now known as a hallmark of their clade, Tyrannosauroidea (along with fused nasals). Closely-spaced, parallel grooves on bones suggest that Tyrannosaurs used these teeth to selectively scrape meat from bone2. Identification Tyrannosaurid premaxillary teeth have a "D"-shaped cross section, with the lingual face flattened, and often have an apicobasal ridge on the midline of the lingual face. In more technical language, "...premaxillary teeth bear lingually rotated mesial and distal carinae forming a salinon cross-section at mid-crown height, and a highly convex labial aspect as in tyrannosauroids generally. In mesial/distal views carinae are sinuous, transitioning from lingually convex near the base to lingually concave approaching the occlusal surface. Carinae terminate prior to reaching the root/crown juncture. Mesial and distal aspects of the crown are depressed, yielding a weakly hourglass-shaped cross-section at the crown base... The carinae lack serrations [likely ontogenetically variable]... As in other tyrannosauroids, teeth exhibit a pronounced lingual ridge"3. Most of the current literature supports only one Tyrannosaurid species in the Hell Creek formation, Tyrannosaurus rex, a hypothesis subject to change in light of new evidence. Comments This tooth exhibits some antemortem wear at the apex (pictured), on the carinae, and near the base of the lingual apicobasal ridge. Given the size, this is from a juvenile animal (smaller than "Jane", BMRP 2002.4.1). References 1. Marsh, O.C., 1892, "Notes on Mesozoic vertebrate fossils", American Journal of Science, 44: 170-176 2. David W.E. Hone and Mahito Watabe, "New information on scavenging and selective feeding behaviour of tyrannosaurs", Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 55 (4), 2010: 627-634 doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4202/app.2009.0133 3. Zanno, L., Tucker, R.T., Canoville, A. et al. Diminutive fleet-footed tyrannosauroid narrows the 70-million-year gap in the North American fossil record. Commun Biol 2, 64 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-019-0308-7
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From the album: Hell Creek / Lance Formations
Pectinodon (meaning "comb-tooth") is a tooth taxon, since no remains attributable to the genus beyond teeth have been found. Pectinodon seems to be a rare member of the Hell Creek fauna, with their teeth being fairly uncommon (though being so small, I'd guess that few people actively search for them). It was a small Troodontid theropod, with teeth that couldn't handle stresses as well as their Dromaeosaurid and Tyrannosaurid cousins (Torices et al. (2018)). This coupled with their small size suggest that Pectinodon was a small/soft prey specialist, preferring the rodent-sized mammals of the time, lizards, insects, etc. Some researchers have proposed omnivory as a possibility for Troodontids (cf. Holtz et al. (1998)). Troodontids famously are regarded as among the most intelligent dinosaurs for their large brain size / body size ratio. This notion serves as fodder for speculation that had the dinosaurs not gone extinct, Troodontids (Pectinodon being (one of?) the last) would have continued to grow in intelligence and develop sentience and civilizations. Troodontid teeth like Pectinodon can be easily identified by their small size, exaggerated, triangular, apically oriented posterior serrations.-
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From the album: Hell Creek / Lance Formations
This kind of incisor-like ("incisorform") tooth was originally thought to have belonged to a large, Cretaceous mammal. Later discoveries revealed that these teeth were actually the front teeth ("premaxillary teeth") of Tyrannosaurs - and are now known as a hallmark of their clade, Tyrannosauroidea. Closely-spaced, parallel grooves on bones suggest that Tyrannosaurs used these teeth to scrape meat from bone. Given the size, this is from a very young animal. Should Nanotyrannus be valid, then this should be considered an indeterminate Tyrannosaurid. -
From the album: Hell Creek / Lance Formations
This kind of incisor-like ("incisorform") tooth was originally thought to have belonged to a large, Cretaceous mammal. Later discoveries revealed that these teeth were actually the front teeth ("premaxillary teeth") of Tyrannosaurs - and are now known as a hallmark of their clade, Tyrannosauroidea. Closely-spaced, parallel grooves on bones suggest that Tyrannosaurs used these teeth to scrape meat from bone. Given the size, this is from a juvenile animal (smaller than "Jane"). Should Nanotyrannus be valid, then this should be considered an indeterminate Tyrannosaurid.-
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- aublysodon
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From the album: Hell Creek / Lance Formations
One of my favorites as a kid - the archetypical Ankylosaurian - Ankylosaurus. Ankylosaurus teeth appear to be fairly uncommon in Hell Creek - some paleontologists have suggested that Ankylosaurus may have lived in the highlands or nearer the coast of Laramidia. Most "Ankylosaurus" teeth you see for sale are actually Nodosaurid (cf. Denversaurus), for whatever reason, they seem to be far more common. Ankylosaurus teeth also often have wear facets, as this one does. The denticles give their teeth a "leaf-like" appearance. Given their shorter stature, Ankylosaurians probably were low-browsers. This one was found by a rancher last year, and was rediscovered and prepped out of the matrix in October.- 1 comment
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This fossil came from the Hell Creek Formation, and I don't know what part or what kind of dinosaur it is, so I ask a question. thank you!
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From the album: Dinosaurs
Plant roots often intrude upon a fossil's resting place, leaving behind white streaks when removed. -
From the album: Dinosaurs
A rare tooth from the Hell Creek formation. Curiously most Ankylosaurian teeth you see online are actually Nodosaurid. This one is the Ankylosaurus. -
From the album: Dinosaurs
These strange, incisor-like teeth were originally thought to have belonged to a large Cretaceous mammal. Later discoveries showed that these teeth matched the front teeth of young Tyrannosaurs quite well. Given closely spaced, parallel feeding traces on bones, these "incisorform" teeth likely were used to scrape meat from bone. -
Hi, This didn't come in the mystery box, but maybe I can find a way to sneak it in... It's from the Hell Creek formation, Wibaux county, Montana. I'm thinking it's a section of Triceratops/Torosaurus brow horn, what do you think?
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Hi everyone! I acquired a bunch of Tyrannosaur tips from Hell Creek recently. Most were sold as Tyrannosaur indet. which is what I've been going by for them except the ones with a really thick, almost circular cross section. These three I'm kinda on the fence as they're pretty robust but not circular. All three are Hell Creek but from different localities which I have next to each one. Also when I took the cross section measurements I didn't take those at the end of the base because it was uneven on all of them, being broken tips. So what I did was I went up a little to a complete cross section that was perpendicular to the height measurement and took my cross section measurement there. So what do you all think, can these be labeled Rex? Should I continue to call them indet.? Any feedback is greatly appreciated as always!
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Hi all would anybody be able to identify any of these unprepped specimens? A seller is selling them and I may be interested in purchasing depending on what they could be. They are from the Hell Creek formation.
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From the album: Hell Creek / Lance Formations
The denticles and enamel of this Ankylosaurus tooth are exceedingly well-preserved.-
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From the album: Hell Creek / Lance Formations
The preservation of theropod teeth doesn't get much better than this. -
From the album: Hell Creek / Lance Formations
It's remarkable that the minute features of this tooth can be preserved with such clarity after 66 million years! -
@Troodon I suppose this is the one-decade-later version of the same tooth I posted earlier? Hell Creek formation, Garfield co, Montana CH: 12.7mm CBL: 7.2mm CBW: 3.5mm Mesial serration density: 8/mm Distal serration density: about 4/mm Thanks!
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Hey all, What do you think of this one? Hell Creek formation, Powder River co, Montana CH: 10.9mm CBL: 6.6mm CBW: 2.9mm Mesial serration density: about 4.8/mm Distal serration density: about 4.0/mm Distal serrations are pretty worn except those near the tip, which look fairly chisel, but have an apical hook(?) Thanks!
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