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Menner described this species, under the generic name of Pavlovichthys, from the Lower Khadum deposits of the Caucasus. Taxonomy from paleobiodb.org. Diagnosis for the genus Holosteus from Danil'chenko 1960 p. 40: “Body length about 8-12 times the height; head length 2-3 times body height. Snout long, conical. Lower jaw articulated with quadrate in front of the orbit, and bearing sharp flat teeth: small anteriorly, larger in the posterior region. Premaxilla long, thin, fringing the entire length of the jaw. Vertebrae 70-90. Ribs thin, long. Trunk vertebrae with bifurcated neurapophyses. Intermuscular ossicles well developed. Dorsal and anal fin situated in posterior part of body; anal starting in front of vertical from beginning of dorsal. Pelvic fins wide, with numerous rays. Several free, rayless interapophyses behind the occiput, the anterior of them with small bony plates. Caudal stem thin. Caudal fin separated from anal and dorsal by small interval. Caudal fin rays surrounding the urostyle. Though retaining the main characteristics of the Paralepididae, Holosteus differs from all recent genera of the family in the position of the dorsal fin, which is displaced backward behind the beginning of the anal, in the wide pelvic fins and in the marked development of intermuscular ossicles.” Line drawing from Danil'chenko 1969, p. 41: Identified by oilshale using Danil'chenko 1969. References: Agassiz L. (1835) Recherches Sur Les Poissons Fossiles. Tome IV (livr. 4). Imprimerie de Petitpierre, Neuchatel 33-52. MENNER W. W. (1948) Ichtiofauna maikopskikh otlozheniy Kavkaza. Trudy Instit. Geol Nauk, vyp. 98, 30: 51–62. Danil'chenko P. G. (1960) Bony fishes of the Maikop deposits of the Caucasus. Trudy Paleontologicheskogo Instituta 78:1-247. KOTLARCZYK, J.; JERZMAÑSKA, A.; OEWIDNICKA, E.; WISZNIOWSKA, T.(2006): A FRAMEWORK OF ICHTHYOFAUNAL ECOSTRATIGRAPHY OF THE OLIGOCENE–EARLY MIOCENE STRATA OF THE POLISH OUTER CARPATHIAN BASIN. Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae (2006), vol. 76: 1–111.