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References: Sorbini, L. (1987): Biogeography and Climatology of Pliocene Messinian Fossil Fish of Eastern-Central Italy. Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Verona, 1987, Vol. 14, pp. 1-85. Sorbini, L. & Bannikov, A. F. (1988): On the Pliocene fish locality at Fiume Marecchia, Italy. Paleontological Journal, 1988, 1, pp. 121-123
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Lates is a genus of freshwater and marine fish belonging to the order Perciformes. The lates species are now native to the Indian and western Pacific Oceans and to rivers and lakes in Africa. The lates species are generally carnivorous, feeding on invertebrates and other fish. The Nile perch, Lates niloticus, is one of the largest freshwater fish, it reaches a maximum length of nearly two metres (more than six feet), weighing up to 200 kg (440 lb).
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Anyone can help me out here ? Conus ~ 80mm, pliocene, piacenzian, Italy. Possibly debated between Conus mercati and Conus noe Brocchii Thanks, Michele
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Hello to everyone ... cheers from Italy Michele
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Recent Sphyraenea barracuda, own work of Laban712 (from Wikipedia): The genus Sphyraena (from Latin: "pike-like") belongs to the order Perciformes. Members of the genus Sphyraena, better known as Barracudas, are elongated fish, pike-like in appearance, with large pointed heads and jaws. The two dorsal fins are widely separated with the anterior fin having five spines, the posterior fin having only one spine and nine soft rays. The posterior dorsal fin is similar in size to the anal fin and is situated above it. Barracudas normally have an under bite with prominent sharp-edged fang-like teeth in sockets. The oldest known barracuda fossil found so far dates to the Eocene period. All members of the genus Sphyraena are voracious predators; they feed upon cephalopods and crustaceans but mainly prey on fishes. Young barracudas can be often seen in small schools. Adult barracudas are considered to be solitary when it comes to hunting. The great barracuda can swim up to 35 mph, yet it can move forward slowly with no apparent effort; thus increasing its stealth. Barracuda are found primarily in tropical and subtropical waters of the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific oceans, but certain species such as the Great Barracuda lives in brackish water.
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Sphyraena bolcensis, a barracuda from Monte Bolca
oilshale posted a gallery image in Member Collections
From the album: Vertebrates
Sphyraena bolcensis Agassiz, 1844 Eocene Ypresian Monte Bolca near Verona Italy The genus Sphyraena (from Latin: "pike-like") belongs to the order Perciformes. Members of the genus Sphyraena, better known as Barracudas, are elongated fish, pike-like in appearance, with large pointed heads and jaws. The two dorsal fins are widely separated with the anterior fin having five spines, the posterior fin having only one spine and nine soft rays. The posterior dorsal fin is similar in size to the anal fin and is situated above it. Barracudas normally have an under bite with prominent sharp-edged fang-like teeth in sockets. The oldest known barracuda fossil found so far dates to the Eocene period. All members of the genus Sphyraena are voracious predators; they feed upon cephalopods and crustaceans but mainly prey on fishes. Young barracudas can be often seen in small schools. Adult barracudas are considered to be solitary when it comes to hunting. The great barracuda can swim up to 35 mph, yet it can move forward slowly with no apparent effort; thus increasing its stealth. Barracuda are found primarily in tropical and subtropical waters of the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific oceans, but certain species such as the Great Barracuda lives in brackish water. -
Hello again! Please find below some pictures of fossils/rocks that my parents have recently given to me (they were happy to get rid of this "junk" and they figured that I might be able to get some answers regarding their identity here on TFF). Item #1: My mom acquired this piece when she was visiting family in Italy, specifically my dad's hometown of Vittorio Veneto, Treviso, Veneto. She thinks it might be a piece of fossilized wood - what do you think? Item #2: I believe my dad found this rock, but I have no idea where - maybe on one of his walks around town in the Greater Toronto Area here in Ontario, Canada? I know it's not a fossil, but can anyone tell me what type of rock/crystal it is? My daughter Viola is interested in keeping it because it is quite pretty... Item #3: I think my dad picked up this rock as well, probably locally, too, just like the piece above. I'm certain it's just a rock, and not a very pretty one, but I want my identification to be confirmed before I get rid of it. Thanks a bunch! Monica
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Taxonomy from Fossilworks.org. The order Beryciformes, a poorly understood group, is represented in Monte Bolca with at least two species: Eoholocentrum and Berybolcensis, both from the subfamily Holocentrinae or squirrelfish (L. Sorbini, 1984). Both species seemed to be largely or entirely nocturnal and lived in deep marine waters; their eyes are amazingly large. References: Sorbini, L., 1979. Les Holocentridae du Monte Bolca. III. Berybolcensis leptacanthus (Agassiz). Studi e Richerche sui Giacimenti Terziari di Bolca 4, 19–35.
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Diodon holocanthus, inflated (own work of Ibrahim lujaz from Rep. Of Maldives) Diodon nicthemerus (own work of user Springcold at da.wikipedia) Porcupinefish belong to the family Diodontidae within the Tetraodontiformes order and are also commonly called blowfish. They have the ability to swallow water or air and to inflate their body making it harder for predators to swallow them. When the fish inflates, sharp spines radiate outwards as a second defense mechanism. Some species are poisonous, having tetrodotoxin in their internal organs. Fugu is the Japanese word for pufferfish and is also a Japanese dish made out of the pufferfish meat. Because fugu is lethally poisonous if prepared incorrectly, fugu has become one of the most celebrated and notorious dishes in Japanese cuisine. Porcupinefish are medium to large sized fish and are found in shallow temperate and tropical seas worldwide. Monte Bolca is an important lagerstatte for Tetraodontiformes with Diodon tenuispinus as one of its oldest records. References: J. C. Tyler and F. Santini (2002) Review and reconstructions of the tetraodontiform fishes from the Eocene of Monte Bolca, Italy, with comments on related Tertiary taxa. Studi e Ricerche sui Giacimenti Terzari di Bolca. Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Verona 9:47-119.
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From the album: Invertebrates
Palaeodusa longipes Pinna, 1974 Upper Triassic Norian Forni Dolostones Preone Italy Not sure if Palaeodusa or Dusa -
Pesciarichthys baldwinae Sorbini & Tyler, 1998 was redescribed in 2012 by Bannikov & Tyler and the new genus Frigosorbinia established. Taxonomy from Fossilworks.org. Diagnosis from Bannikov and Tyler 1998, p. 27:" Body a deep ovoid in shape; head relatively small. Mouth small; teeth relatively small and lobate. Five branchiostegal rays. Vertebrae 22 (9 + 13); haemal spines of first two caudal vertebrae slender, oriented posteroventrally, and not in close proximity in their middle regions. Tenth caudal vertebra with elongate slender neural and haemal spines. One supraneural. Dorsal fin with eight spines and 23 soft rays. Both first dorsal-fin spine and first anal-fin spine protrude to exterior. Anal fin with three spines and 21 soft rays. Tenth interneural space with two basal pterygiophores; 11th space with one basal pterygiophore. First interhaemal space with two basal pterygiophores. Pelvic bone with relatively shallow subpelvic keel (12% of pelvic length). Scales very small over most of body and head. Each scale consists of a small basal plate with upright spinules. Larger rounded scale plates scattered posteriorly on body in region of caudal peduncle; these larger scales are densely spaced together and slightly more than twice the size of the small body scales elsewhere. Caudal peduncle with three moderate, fixed, keeled bony scutes." Line drawing from Sorbini & Tyler 1998, p. 25 : Identified by oilshale using Sorbini & Tyler 1998. References: Sorbini L. and Tyler, J. C. (1998) A new species of the Eocene surgeon fish genus Pesciarichthys from Monte Bolca, Italy, with comments on caudal penduncle armature and supraneurals in acanthurids. Studi e ricerche sui giacimenti terziari di Bolca 7:21-34. Bannikov. A. & Tyler, J.C. (2012): REDESCRIPTION OF THE EOCENE OF MONTE BOLCA, ITALY, SURGEON FISH PESCIARICHTHYS PUNCTATUS PERCIFORMES, ACANTHURIDAE, AND A NEW GENUS, FRIGOSORBINIA, FOR P. BALDWINAE. Studi e ricerche sui giacimenti terziari di bolca, XIV - Miscellanea Paleontologica, 11, 2012.
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hello everyone, I come from Milan, Italy. I'm frequenting high school and I'm always have been interested in fossils. In Italy it's not legal to dig them, so it's very difficult to improve a collection or study them. My dream is that rules will be modified one day... see you soon, Italo
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hello everyone, I need your help to identify this vertebra. it comes from Italy, in particular from Castell'Arquato, region Emilia-Romagna. this area is famous for cetacea, who lived there when the area was under the sea (in pliocene). can anyone help me?
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Following the first suggestion, I want to present myself. Hi, my name is Marco (the english "Mark"), I am nearly 19 years old and I live in middle\northern italian peninsula, in a small independend republic called San Marino. I am attending the last year at the scientific high school (here it's 5 years), and my current plan for the future is to study biology or earth's sciences at the Alma Mater University of Bologna, with a final specialization in vertebrate paleontology. Since I was a child I had a powerful passion regarding dinosaurs and paleontology in general, and fortunately the area where I live is very rich in fossils of Miocenic marine fauna. Just a few chilometers away from here there are abandoned quarries with abundant Cretaceous fossils, where a partial mosasaur rostrum was discovered a few years ago. I have a really vast collection of fossils that I will absolutely have to show you, both local fossils discovered by myself and more exotic ones, like dinosaur bones from Morocco and carboniferous ferns. My most common threads will be related to hearing different opinions about identifying strange or partial specimens. Thank you in advance! Mark
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Taxonomy from Fossilworks.com Identified by oilshale using Sorbini 1987. References: SORBINI, Lorenzo (1987) BIOGEOGRAPHY AND CLIMATOLOGY OF PLIOCENE AND MESSINIAN FOSSIL FISH OF EASTERN-CENTRAL ITALY. Boll. Mus. Civ. St. Nat. Verona", 14, pp. 1-85.
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Recent Aeoliscus strigatus in head-down tail-up position as an adaption for hiding among sea urchin spines. (Picture from Wikipedia, own work of Haplochromis) Taxonomy from Fossilworks.org. Description for the recent A. strigatus from GBIF.org: "Body elongate, strongly compressed, and blade-like. Head elongate; snout long, slender, and tubular; mouth small, toothless, located at tip of snout. Interorbital space striated, convex, without a longitudinal groove. Two short-based dorsal fins; first dorsal-fin spine hinged at its base, slightly movable, with a movable spinous ray at its end; all other spinous and soft portions of dorsal fins on ventral surface of body; caudal fin small, on ventral surface, nearly at right angle to body axis; pelvic fins small, with 4 short soft rays, originating at or behind midbody. Lateral line absent. Body enclosed in a flattened, transparent, bony casing with sharp ventral edge. Colour yellowish brown to pale green on back, silvery on sides; conspicuous black stripe running from the snout, through the eye, to the base of spinous dorsal fin." Identified by oilshale. References: SORBINI, Lorenzo (1987) BIOGEOGRAPHY AND CLIMATOLOGY OF PLIOCENE AND MESSINIAN FOSSIL FISH OF EASTERN-CENTRAL ITALY. Boll. Mus. Civ. St. Nat. Verona", 14, pp. 1-85.
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Stratificazione : Toarciano Origine: Italia grazie
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Might be Trachurus trachurus Linnaeus. 1758 Picture of Atlantik horse mackerel taken from Wikipedia, own work of Kare Kare References: SORBINI, Lorenzo (1987) BIOGEOGRAPHY AND CLIMATOLOGY OF PLIOCENE AND MESSINIAN FOSSIL FISH OF EASTERN-CENTRAL ITALY. Boll. Mus. Civ. St. Nat. Verona", 14, pp. 1-85
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Taxonomy from Přikryl et al. 2016. Genus Diagnosis from Přikryl et al. 2016 (emended after D’Ancona and Cavinato 1965; Houde 1984; Endo 2002; Nelson 2006): "Elongate fish with abdomen shorter than caudal part of body. Nuchal ray present, articulated at posterior part of skull roof. Dorsal and anal fins both subdivided into anterior, middle and posterior sections. Outer rays of pelvic fins elongate. Postcleithrum single, with posteriorly enlarged lamina. Only one palatoquadratal element (ectopterygoid) developed between palatine and quadrate. Vomer toothed. Caudal fin supported by fused hypural plate. Accessory bones X and Y present. Scales cycloid with free termination of circuli at posterior edge of scale. Sagittal otolith large relative to body size." Species Diagnosis from Přikryl et al. 2016, p. 17: "Bregmaceros species with 10–12 abdominal vertebrae and 36–38 caudal vertebrae. Orbit relatively larger than in B. filamentosus (i.e. orbit length about 1.5 times or greater than the preorbital length). Dorsal fin with 18–19 + 9 + 16–18 rays. Anal fin with 17–19 + 7–8 + 19–21 rays." Composite reconstruction of Bregmatoceros albyi in left lateral view from Přikryl et al. 2016, p. 29: References: Přikryl , T., Brzobohatý, R. & Gregorová, R. (2016): Diversity and distribution of fossil codlets (Teleostei, Gadiformes, Bregmacerotidae): review and commentary. Palaeobio Palaeoenv (2016) 96:13–39 DOI 10.1007/s12549-015-0222-z
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Hello forum,while i was metal detecting a field, i have found a "natica" peep out from a clump of dirt. It seems has many light-brown spot all over the shell and a large navel canal. Considering the plus common specimen of Naticidae that are my area, what's the correct genus:Naticarius or Notocochlis, the fly-specked moon snail or the tiger moon snail? To you the hard judge. Thanks! PS: "natica" in in italiano it means "buttock" Davide
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Ciao forum, as i promise yesterday, i post three images of the fossil shell i found in Pisa( tuscany) next to a clay spot. could you possibly identify the specimen, please? Thanks in advance. I will appreciate all your answer. ps: i want to do a info schedule of all my finds and learn, learn, learn!
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The seahorses from Fiume Marecchia were determined by L. Sorbini as Hippocampus ramulosus Leach, 1814, a recent species. H. ramulosus is according to the World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) a synonym of H. guttulatus Cuvier, 1829. References: SORBINI, Lorenzo (1987) BIOGEOGRAPHY AND CLIMATOLOGY OF PLIOCENE AND MESSINIAN FOSSIL FISH OF EASTERN-CENTRAL ITALY. Boll. Mus. Civ. St. Nat. Verona", 14, pp. 1-85
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- fiume marecchia
- hippocampus
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This is not the "normal" Mene rhombea Volta, 1796, but a Mene oblonga Agassiz, 1833. For a menid it has a very shallow body, especially in comparison with the sympatric Mene rhombea (click here for comparison). Its fossils are very rare in Monte Bolca. The length of this fish is about 15cm; adult fish can reach almost 20cm. The location is known as Pesciara or "Fishbowl" due to its many marine fossils.The sediments from Monte Bolca are from the Eocene epoch, the Lutetian, so the fish is about 50 million years old. The entire, abundantly fossiliferous formation consists of 19 metres of limestone, all of which contain fossils, but interspersed in which are the lagerstätten layers that contain the highly preserved specimens. Within these layers, the fish and other specimens are so highly preserved that soft tissue preservation can is observable and even the skin colour pattern can sometimes be determined (see for example the photo of Paranguilla tigrina in "Collections"). There are several other related outcroppings in the general vicinity of Monte Bolca that also carry fossils, such as Monte Postale and Monte Vegroni. The term "Monte Bolca" is often used interchangeably to refer to all the sites collectively. The Monte Bolca deposits where formed in a lagoon which was separated from the open sea by coral reefs. During that time, there was considerable volcanic activity. The volcanoes on the nearby mainland erupted periodically, their lavas and ashes covering the land for some time, locally causing mass extinctions. The sediment is very fine grained limestone; the preservation suggests when the fish died it was rapidly buried in fine sediment that was anoxic. Mene rhombea and Mene oblonga are both closely related to the living moonfish Mene maculata that lives in small schools in and around reefs in the Indo-Pacific region. Mene maculata inhabits deeper coastal waters near the bottom on both the continental shelves and around major island groups; it is very likely that the same behavior applies to Mene rhombea and Mene oblonga. The Menidae belong to the Perciformes, however the affinity of Mene remains obscure. Recent studies suggest a relationship with the pomfrets, dolphinfish and the jacks. Aipichthyoides from the Cretaceous of Lebonon is believed to be close to Mene's ancestry. The earliest accepted Mene species are Mene purdyi from the Paleocene of Peru and Mene phosphatica from Tunisia; they already resemble later species such as both M. rhombea and M. oblonga from Monte Bolca and even the living species, M. maculate. Moonfish have a very deep, almost triangular shaped-body that is very much flattened from side-to-side, a large triangular tail fin and conspicuously long rays in the ventral fins. Mene maculata is a planktivore; the small, upturned mouth of Mene rhombea suggests the same feeding behavior whereas Mene oblonga picked out edible detrius and organisms out of the sediment. References: Blot, J. (1969) Les poissons fossiles du Monte Bolca. Classés jusqu’ici dans les familles des Carangidae, Menidae, Ephippidae, Scatophagidae. Mem. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Verona 1, 1–525. Friedman, M., Johnson D. (2005) A new species of Mene from the Paleocene of South America. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 25 (4), 770-783. Bellwood, D.R (1996) The Eocene fishes of Monte Bolca: the earliest coral reef fish assemblage. Coral Reefs, Volume 15, Issue 1, 11-19.
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Hey everyone, I'm new to this forum and looking forward to being of help. Anyway, I found this rock while taking a stroll on the hills of Emilia Romagna, near Parma, in northern Italy. Looking up on a geological map what rocks compose the ground, I found out that it's predominantly argillite, which sedimented during the early Paleocene, in hemipelagic conditions. Now, the rock shows two different features: in two of the photographs you can distinguish tree-like structures, which resemble algae, but could as well turn out to be manganese oxide dendrites; in the other one instead, you can see a warm-like figure, of which I have no clue. Can you help me identify it?
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From the album: Vertebrates
Bird feather from Pliocene of Italy.
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