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  1. Hi TFF friends, Just to show you my latest find. Himenoura lower formation Late cretaceous, santonian Amakusa, japan Height: 9mm I think it might be an Enchodus tooth. There are occurrences of Enchodus sp. from the scientific litterature and saw some of the fossils, however as those teeth are poorly preserved, I am not sure at 100%. It has one notch like structure at the apex, one carina on the proximal edge with very well preserved serrations from the apex to the base of the tooth. The distal edge is round. Fine striations are running all over the crown from the base to the apex.
  2. Hello everyone! It's been awhile since I've had a chance to give a fossil hunting update, the Holidays took over in quite a hurry, and coupled together with taking on some new responsibilities, the shorter days, cooler weather and a scramble to get the end of the year work done, it was quite difficult to get everything organized! I'm hoping to be more efficient with my cleaning and preparation this year, and though I have some life hurdles to overcome I think this year could be even better than last one with my fossil hobbies. I'm hoping to add more additions to my echinoid album, and I'd like to make some albums for some of my other fossils sometime this year. Not long after my last trip to the Waccamaw site I once again found myself out there collecting more specimens. I went with a slightly different group for the weekend, where we doubled up and went to the ever popular Holden Beach to look for some more Cretaceous goodies. And in addition, I did get to check out a different Waccamaw site at a different time as well, which had slightly different specimens, and an array of unusual color preservation. I think it was another successful month, and I found a lot of really cool specimens. I even got an opportunity to obtain some neat fossils from a fellow collector and friend in the midst of everything, and I'd like to include some of that briefly as well. While we were wrapping up for the weekend, I ended up trading him some of my Virginian Ecphora shells for some really cool Triassic plant specimens from the Pekin Formation, as well as some grey and black shales from the Cumnock Formation. It's a positive update to my quest to obtain local Triassic fossils I can take on the road to display, and with these acquisitions I was able to do just that recently! I feel like they get overlooked at times, but there are some really cool fossils from the Triassic Basins. I did manage to acquire some other cool specimens as well, but I'll save them for the mailbox scores thread. Here are some of those plant specimens and shales. Most are hard to identify, but there are some partial Otozamites fronds. The shales were a gamble, and I ultimately did end up splitting some, while retaining the last two intact, as they contained visible coal, and are somewhat significant to my home area's history in regards to the Cumnock Formation and all the historical coal mining that occurred. However, I did manage to find this little guy in one shale. I made a post a while back, and my current idea is that it's some form of Metoposaurus tooth. It's badly fragmented, though I have been offered by a friend to try and repair it, which I may take him up on. Although these second hand fossils were greatly appreciated and will serve well as display items, I also attempted to steak out a potential Triassic site right down the road earlier this week! Unfortunately, though it did indeed have Triassic geology, it was a conglomerate of Sanford Formation with a small bit of Pekin Formation mixed in, which did not immediately appear to contain much, at least on the surface. The old Triassic report mentioned it was mostly a mixture, so I wasn't too disappointed; it was still fun to check out a new area. In addition to the hunt for a fossil site, the area was also home to a small copper mine that last operated in the very early 20th century. I had not been exploring there since I was a boy over 20 years ago, so it was interesting to check out again! I ended up collecting some malachite from the spoil piles before heading home, so I at least found a few things to keep on that trip. I'm really grateful the landowner was kind enough to let me check it out. I hope to return there again sometime during lighter hours to look for some copper ore fragments as well. Now, onto the actual fossil tips! I'll start with Holden, as I have less to show off from there. It was fairly tame as far as crowds go, since the Holidays were kicking into gear. Despite a single day to collect, I think I did alright! I made a new friend during that part of the trip, and I was able to collect some nice modern mollusk shells as well, some of which could be used to compare to my Waccamaw finds. I did find an interesting sand dollar of some variety embedded in a stone, but I dropped it in the rapidly rising tide as I was collecting another specimen, so I ended up losing sight of it. To start, these are two Glycymeris americana valves, one from Holden, and the other from the Waccamaw site, as a comparison. These are some of the Hardouinia mortonis echinoids I found that day. I had many more, but it was hard to get them all pictured! On the topic of those echinoids, I found a few really good pathological specimens that day! This is the more extreme of them, with the side being somewhat compressed into the part, and the peristome off axis and off center. I'm not sure if this is something genetic, or if this was evidence of some kind of repaired biologic damage. It's probably my most pathological specimen to date. This was another specimen with similarly placed deformities, but much less extreme. And this one was a really unusual one, with an "elongated" periproct, giving it a more heavily sloped appearance compared to the standard ones. Moving on, this was probably my favorite find from the Holden part of the trip. This is a partial Anomoeodus phaseolus mouth plate and jawbone, which is a fairly uncommon find. I had previously found two teeth attached together, but this one is by far my best one yet. I found some individual "teeth" from these reworked into the Waccamaw formation site as well, but they were very small. I also found a few things I had not found myself since 2022, namely a nice, whole Mosasaur tooth, and a fragment of a Sphenodiscus lobatus ammonite. I found a few shark teeth, but I was honestly so focused on other finds I didn't emphasize looking for them as much as I normally would. I gave a few that I picked up to my new friend I made while I was hunting, as well as a small mosasaur tooth. This is an Enchodus jaw fragment with the base of a tooth I found, this might be the largest jaw fragment I found to date. I haven't found a tooth and jaw fragment attached together yet, but I'll keep looking! A turtle shell fragment I found out there. This is one of the more defined ones I've found, and appears to be from the edge of the shell. This was a cool steinkern I found, from what appears to be a Naticidae snail. This one is a bit heftier than ones I've found previously, and it almost seems to have some of the innermost shell preserved on one section, but this could be some other material. This is one Exogyra costata I found on the beach. I did pick up a number of them, but there weren't as many good specimens this trip for some reason. I took a couple of pictures of the same shell under UV light as well. And the last of my notable finds, this is a Striaticostatum harbisoni, a Peedee Formation Wentletrap Snail that was preserved due to recrystalization! Next to it is a steinkern of another one, which is usually all that is preserved; this is the first one I've found like this. It's broken toward the base, but it lets people see the tiny crystals inside the shell that grew during the process. I also found a second partial one, but it's in a much more worn condition. Now, onto the Waccamaw site finds! This site is slowly growing on me, as well as a greater appreciation for mollusks. It's becoming one of my favorite sites to visit. I've been utilizing a out a book that was published just last year titled Photographic Atlas of Waccamaw Formation Mollusca to identify my finds. It's a great resource for identifying the various mollusks of the formation, of which there are over 1000 different varieties! I found so much this time that I had to cut back on sharing them, though I do hope to do an album on everything when I get time. Starting off, here are some of the paired Lirophora varicosa athleta, AKA Imperial Venus Clams, I found. Here are a couple of pathological valves I found, as well as a sponge damaged valve and a valve with an oddly placed gastropod drill hole. Here is an intact Chama macerophylla, also known as the Leafy Jewelbox Clam. It's less common than the Arcinella cornuta Spiny Jewelbox Clams from what I've noticed. This is a Neverita duplicata, also known as the Shark Eye Moon Snail with some particularly beautiful shell preservation. This is a Naticarius plicatella, an extinct moon snail with an interesting spiral groove pattern along the whorl. Although the aperature (opening) is broken, this is my largest specimen of this snail found at the site to date. Here are two paired bivalves, a Trachycardium emmonsi (Cockle Clam) and a species of Diplodon clam (Diplodonta acclinis?) A Crepidula fornicata, also known as the Fornicating Slipper Snail. This one was unusually thick and large compared to the ones I normally find, around 5.715 cm (2.25 inches) long. Another worn Crepidula fornicata with a couple of Septastrea marylandica coral colonies growing on it. There appears to have been a third between the two but it probably broke off when it was originally extracted from the earth. Two valves from two different Ostrea lawrencei oysters that have a lot of small coral colonies and singular corals. This one is interesting because they were both attached to a relatively small scallop valve, as seen by the impression on their hinges. A really cool Ostrea lawrencei that has a Septastrea marylandica colony over nearly the entire outer surface. I didn't realize that it was covered in coral until I washed it, as the amount of sand and dirt that covered it almost covered it completely! The uncovered inner surface was the only exposed part of the oyster when I collected it. A large oyster, Ostrea compressirostra, that was found paired in the Waccamaw site, a fairly rare find. Unfortunately, the upper valve had a lot of bore damage on one side, but it's still a cool, paired find nonetheless! A Pleuromeris decemcostata, a pretty cool, small species of clam. It almost has a beaded structure to its ribs. In addition, the same Pleuromeris decemcostata under UV light. It's hard to see in this picture, but some of the "beads" in the ribbing have a UV reaction, in a somewhat random order.The Waccamaw stuff has some decent UV reaction, but it's no where near the level of the Florida Pleistocene shells of a similar age. A very small intact Arcinella cornuta, also known as the Florida Spiny Jewelbox. This is the smallest intact one I've found yet, at around 1.9 cm (.75 inches) across. One of my favorite finds from the Waccamaw site part of the trip, a Pterorytis fluviana, a type of murex with very frilly spires. Usually the spires are broken down, but this one as fairly intact aside from a hole in the side! A Radiolucina waccamawensis, an extinct hatchet clam. It measures about 7.62 mm (.3 inches ). These are pretty interesting little bivalves with a neat crossed structure to them. Some Eupleura caudata, a small species of murex snail. These had some nice shell preservation as well! A Neoterebra dislocata (Eastern Auger Snail) on the right, and what I believe is a Calliostoma tuomeyi (Calliostoma Top Snail) on the left. The Calliostoma Top Snails, like the Cone Snails and the Murexes, seem to vary a good bit and have very subtle differences, which makes it hard for me to identify. Two different extinct Nassa Mud Snails (or Dog Whelks); a rare Ilyanassa porcina on the left, and a somewhat uncommon Ilyanassa scalaspira on the right. A bryozoan-encrusted gastropod shell. I'm wondering if this is a variety of Bryolith (or Plagurized Gastropod), or if it it is simply a colony that covered an empty shell; either way it's really cool. Two Waccamaw Formation Conasprella oniscus cone snails, with a UV light comparison showing the remnants of their color pattern. This pattern can be used to differentiate the different species found in the same place to some degree. Here's a cool Arcopsis adamsi, a type of Ark Clam with an interesting beaded sculpture instead of the coarse ribs of the more common species. Next, a case of miscellaneous micros: on the right are three Biflustra savartii, a species of "Erect Form" Bryozoans, on the bottom left is an interesting and unknown Archohelia coral branch, and the upper left is some unknown, extraordinarily fragile fossil of some sort. It was probably 30-40% larger before I tried moving it to this case; it had a fragility not unlike that of the ill-fated microfossil echinoid I found on the previous trip. Another little case containing an assemblage of various paired microfossil bivalves from the Waccamaw site. The beaked Nuculana acuta (Pointed Nut Clam) are probably my favorite of the micro-sized bivalves. Kalolophus gibbesii, a medium-sized clam related to the modern Kalolophus speciosus, also known as Gibb's Clam. I've found similar clams in Virginia, but this is the first one I found in the Waccamaw Site. An Aurinia obtusa, a type of Volute Snail. This is the most common species from the Waccamaw, I've been told the other two are exceptionally rare. This is also the first mostly whole one I've found in the site. Next is a large Mercenaria mercenaria valve, which I took pictures of to show the progression of cleaning it out for it's inner contents. About halfway through cleaning I discovered a partial Rhyncholampas sabistonensis echinoid, with part of the side plating and the entire oral surface. It's overall in poor condition, but serves as another good example of the rare things that can be found inside other shells. There were quite a number of other things as well, such as whole Lirophora varicosa athleta (Imperial Venus) Clams, barnacles, and more. However, a lot of stuff was attached with a tough sediment, which made extraction difficult. The last image in this series shows the contents found inside waiting to dry off. And the last thing I wanted to share from the site is a juvenile gastropod of uncertain identity I'm thinking it's likely a Pliculofusus sparrowi (A type of gastropod related to the Tulip and Spindle Snails), but also somewhat resembles a juvenile Scaphella precursor (A rare species of Volute). While that's all the Waccamaw stuff from the normal site, that's not all the Waccamaw Formation fossils I found last month! I had a chance to check out a different location of the formation at a different time, and while there were a lot of similar things, there were some things different about this other site as well. Oysters were much more common, I found a few species I hadn't seen before, some varieties of gastropod were larger, and there were a lot of really interesting mineralization colors as well. There were a lot of red, yellow and orange colored shells, likely from iron oxides in the soil. There were also some interesting blue-grey colored shells, which I'm not too sure of the process that made them this way. Some were comparable to the blue shells found in the Bone Valley area of Florida. Here's a really cool and large Anadara lienosa Ark Clam valve from the secondary Waccamaw site. This is the largest Ark Clam I've found from the formation yet. It has some of the unusual orange-yellow iron oxide coloration. Here's a paired Arcinella cornuta (Florida Spiny Jewelbox) from the other Waccamaw site. This one came apart while I was cleaning it but I've got the two halves paired together still. I found some other paired specimens but they had a lot of spines missing. A very big Mercenaria mercenaria (Hard Clam) valve that was in the portion that had the blue mineralization. The outer surface is heavily worn but it has a very dark grey-blue coloration to it. A very hefty and thick Glycymeris americana (American Bittersweet) that has buried in the sediments containing a lot of iron oxides, and has a very cool yellow, orange and red marbled coloration. Two Septastrea marylandica corals from the other Waccamaw site. Both have some yellow coloration, and one has splotches of red, all from the iron oxide present in the site. Here's a Crepidula fornicata (Fornicating Slipper Snail) and two Neverita duplicata (Shark Eye Moon Snails) with some pretty cool blue-gray coloration. The rightmost is an especially pretty dark grey-blue! Two worn Crepidula fornicata specimens (Fornicating Slipper Snails), with Septastrea marylandica coral colonies growing on them. They also both have bryozoan colonies and Polychaete worm tubes on them, as well as a lot of boring sponge damage; These were the home of a number of animals, even after their death. An unusual paired oyster from the other Waccamaw site. Due to the larger quantity of oysters in that site, and paired ones like this could be found in a much higher frequency. Here's what I believe might be a juvenile Triplofusus giganteus, also known as the Horse Conch. It's over 3.81 cm (1.5 inches) long. A somewhat rare Trigonostoma elizabethae, an unusual type of Nutmeg Snail. This came from the other Waccamaw site, but I did find a larger specimen at the primary site that I forgot to take a picture of before storing it away. This one has some of the blue-gray coloration. Two neat Ensis clams, also known as Razor Clams, from the secondary Waccamaw site. They're usually broken like this due to their thin, fragile structure. The top one may be a Ensis directus, and the bottom may be a Ensis megistus. An assortment of microfossils from the other Waccamaw site with various mineralization colors. I'm hoping to find a new technique for extracting these, as my current method results in some of these getting broken. And my last find from the site, An unusual bone of some variety; I almost want to think it's a turtle shell fragment, but I'm really not sure. It has some odd, rib-like structuring on the longer outer edges. And that's all I've got for now! 2023 was a really fun year for collecting, but I feel like 2024 could potentially be even better. As I wrap this post up, I'll be getting ready for tomorrow, where I'll be displaying some of my finds from the last two years at a park for an event, after which I'll be heading back to Holden Beach once again for a weekend to unwind from work and hunt for fossils with a couple of friends (I'll save my modern echinoid hunt for another time). I might post an update on that here, or I might wait until I go to Aurora, NC fairly soon. Further out, I've got a trip planned for Virginia once again in the early summer (Super excited for this one!), another extended Holden Beach trip in the spring, and there's a chance I might be able to tag along with a small group to go hunt fossils in central / northern Texas around the time of the solar eclipse, with some stops in Oklahoma and Mississippi! It'll be the first time I've ventured west of the eastern coastal states, so it'll be interesting if I do end up going. It'd require a lot of time off of work, so I'm still working out the logistics of it.
  3. Polybranchiaspidida

    Is it a tooth of Majungasaurus crenatissimus

    I want to buy it but I think I should confirm its ID first. It came from Berivotra, Madagascar. Size:0.97”
  4. Perhaps one of the most exciting scientific papers in a while about the genetic diversity of the Tyrannosaurid genus Tyrannosarus itself (the genus that includes the famous and well documented T-rex) was just announced and published (or at least the abstract of it)!!! Image Credit: Dalman et al. 2023 (abstract) and the Society for Vertebrate Paleontology (SVP). https://vertpaleo.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/2023_SVP_Program-Final-10032023.pdf At the Society for Vertebrate Paleontology's annual meeting for 2023, Paleontologists Dr. Sebastian Dalman, Dr. Philip J. Currie, and seven other experienced Paleontologists and experts on the Tyrannosaurid theropod dinosaurs published an abstract on October 21, 2023 about a new species of Tyrannosaurus (Tyrannosaurus mcraensis) from the Hall Lake Formation dating 72 Million Years ago to the Campanian-Maastrichtian Cretaceous of what is now New Mexico!!! This not only gives insights on the origins of the genus Tyrannosaurus, but validates previous hypothesis over the years (at least since 2013) that a unique giant Tyrannosaur from southern Larmidia (now Western North America) that lived during the Campanian-Maastrichtian Cretaceous!!! Names given to this animal over the years include Alamotyrannus brinkmani and Tyrannosaurus brinkmani. A Digital Reconstruction of the Tyrannosaurus species Tyrannosaurus mcraensis and it's size compared to an average Human, April 2022. Image Credit: Artist LancianIdolatry https://twitter.com/LancianIdolatry/status/1511016414252978182 This is especially true given for how long the debate has been raging on the Validity ofThe species Tyrannosaurus mcraensis was when fully grown the same size of the averaged size adults of the later Tyrannosaurus rex from the later Maastrichtian Cretaceous. By the look of things with the Paper and the experienced paleontologists and Tyrannosaur experts who authored it, it seems just by looking at its abstract it will be be far more through and accurate than the recent Gregory S. Paul Paper from 2022 and maybe even prove the validity of the debate Tyrannosaur species Tyrannosaurus vannus from the 70-66 Million Years ago dated Javelina Formation of what is now Texas. But I'm wondering if anyone has more information on this study and the potential of it's results?
  5. Hello all, I have a question wrt age of the eggs, and to know which genus and oogenus this might be. Before, here, I had posted a lot of photos and a video but somehow they are mostly gone, so I will repost the video. What I have from the seller Hadrosauridae family, possibly Saurolophus genus Possibly Dendroolithus oogenus 80 mio. year old, Cenomanian, Late Cretaceous Egg size 10.5 to 12cm (4 to 4.5"), about 8-9kg (18lbs) Xixia Basin, Henan province, China Now come the contradictions of the above given data Hadrosauridae: 86–66 Ma (mio. years ago) --> Santonian-Maastrichtian (2) Saurolophus: 70–66 Ma --> Maastrichtian (3) "80 mio. year old" --> Campanian "Cenomanian" <-- 100.5-93.9 Ma Dendroolithus: 99–66 Ma --> complete Late Cretaceous (1,4) Most websites state those kind of eggs are from 80-70 or 84-71 Ma --> Santonian-Maastrichtian (1,5,6,7) On an online auction site, I found 70-65 Ma --> Maastrichtian (8) ScienceDirect states Dendroolithus oogenus from Xixia Basin are 96-83 Ma --> Cenomanian-Santonian (9) Could potentially be from Gaogou Formation, Majiacun Formation, or Sigou Formation (10,11,12) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Late_Cretaceous) So, all this does not fit together really well, does it? As Hadrosauridae lived during Santonian-Maastrichtian, 86–66 Ma, everything older should be ruled out, correct? Thus, if ScienceDirect is right, we should be within 86-83 Ma, which is Santonian. If so, most websites (5,6,7,8 & of my seller) are wrong, plus, it ain't be Saurolophus. ==} Can anyone explain this? References https://digsfossils.com/fossils/china_eggs.html https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadrosauridae https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saurolophus https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dendroolithus http://www.online fossil retailer.com/Stonerelic/vertebrates/EH015/EH015.htm https://www.jurassic-dreams.com/products/30116-huge-and-nicely-preserved-hadrosaurus-egg-in-matrix-kaoguo-fm-cretaceous-china-fossil-for-sale https://www.buriedtreasurefossils.com/hadrosaur-egg.html https://www.online auction site.com/zh-Hant/l/28862073-nest-of-10-hadrosaur-eggs-plus-3-imprints-all-original-no-restoration-69-x-44-cm https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1002007109002949?via%3Dihub https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaogou_Formation https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Majiacun_Formation https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sigou_Formation Update 1: video doesn't play any more in the browser. Will upload photos and fix the video.
  6. bockryan

    Gaudryella sp.

    From the album: Fossil Collection: DC Area and Beyond

    Gaudryella sp. Hakel, Lebanon Sannine Formation Late Cretaceous
  7. Hi All, Last week I found this Mosasaur tooth in one of the Brooks in Monmouth County, NJ (Navesink Formation - Late Cretaceous). While in the brook, a guide from the Monmouth Museum was onsite leading a small group of college students. He identified the tooth as Halisaurus platyspondylus. Had a great conversation with the gentlemen as well, so a nice bonus. Another, more experienced individual contacted me after I posted the tooth on a local FB group. He has several similar teeth, and while not completely disagreeing with Hailisaurus, suggested Prognathodon sp. may possibly be a better fit? It's debatable based on conversations he's had with other's more experienced than him. In any case, I figured there must be several Mosasaur experts on here who may be able to weigh in on the subject. Any opinions/discussion is appreciated. I'm still learning, so this is all helpful to me. Thanks in advance!
  8. Hello, Looking for help with these Upper Cretaceous shark teeth from Post Oak Creek, Sherman, Grayson Co., TX, USA (Warning: Some of these are heavily eroded). Thank you! Squalicorax? Species? Cretodus or Cretalamna? Mix of both? Scapanorhynchus sp? @ThePhysicist
  9. Hi all Some of you may remember that I used to (and still do) research on fossils from the Late Cretaceous chalk of Denmark... Now there are 2 main chalk sites in Denmark, Møns Klint and Stevns Klint. My work focuses on the stuff from Møns Klint, but in all honesty there's some spectacular fossils coming out of both localities. One thing that both Møns and Stevns have in common is that fossils of mosasaurs (giant lizard-like marine reptiles) are extremely rare, with only a small handful of specimens found every year. A few years ago, I went to the Geomuseum Faxe (south of Copenhagen) to check out one of the finest mosasaur specimens from the Danish Chalk. It's roughly 67 million years old, and was found by amateur collector Peter Bennicke at a small quarry close to the Stevns Klint cliffs. The specimen is preserved in a large-ish block of chalk (~0.7 metres wide). The whole fossil consists of about 7 or 8 teeth, and some small cranial and jaw fragments. Yeah. Mosasaurs are so rare in Denmark that the best mosasaur fossil is a small association of a few teeth and bone bits. These remains are from Plioplatecarpus sp., one of the smaller fish-eating mosasaurs. The find was considered so rare that it was declared as part of the "Danish Natural History treasure trove" (Danekræ, catalogue Nº DK-1048). The museum where the mosasaur is kept (on loan from the natural history museum in Copenhagen). The chalk quarry (Stevns Kridtbrud) where the mosasaur fossil was found. Here's the Plioplatecarpus specimen in all its fragmentary glory! Most mosasaur fossils in Denmark are in the form of single isolated teeth, so this find is especially cool because it's one of very few (2-3) specimens that consist of multiple associated bones/teeth from one individual. This one would've been roughly 4-5 metres long, and would have ate small to mid-sized fish such as Enchodus. By the way sorry for the not-so-great photo quality, it's kinda difficult to take good pictures from behind an exhibition case... Best-preserved teeth. Tiny little teeth... And a small scrap of bone, probably cranial. More bone fragments... So yeah, a few associated teeth and bits of bone - for something so rare, this one's pretty cool. Hopefully I can find something like that, at Møns Klint this time, when I go out for this year's fieldwork! Let me know what you think about this nice mosasaur specimen!!
  10. I'm researching bird fauna from the Danian Paleocene era recently and I have some questions about a particular bird, Asteriornis maastrichtensis. It was discovered in late 2019 in Maastrictian deposits of the Maastricht Formation, Cretaceous dating 66.8-66.7 Million Years ago in what is now Belgium and was pretty small in size, about the size of a small duck and weighed only 394 grams when alive. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2096-0 Asteriornis is the earliest confirmed Neognathae (a group of birds of which the majority of birds alive today belong to) and it's oldest remains date to just around One Million Years before the Cretaceous-Paleocene Astroid impact wiped out that last of the non-avian dinosaurs. I've seen a lot of people say that this bird species survived the Cretaceous-Paleocene Extinction event into the Paleocene. It's small size and diet of seeds make it a good candidate to have survived the event, but I haven't found any definitive records yet of Asteriornis from the early Paleocene. What I'm wondering is did Asteriornis survive the Cretaceous-Paleocene Mass Extinction Event 66 Million Years ago and are there any records of Asteriornis that date definitively to the Paleocene era?
  11. Tidgy's Dad

    New Abelisaurids From Morocco.

    https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2023/08/357255/discovery-of-ancient-dinosaur-offers-glimpse-into-moroccos-diverse-prehistoric-ecosystem
  12. val horn

    wishing for a furcula

    I collect in the Severn, a late cretaceous marine formation in Maryland regularly. Found an odd bone. I think it is a furcula but am uncertain and open to other interpretations. If it is a furcula can it be identified further, is it bird, is it dino can a guess be made as to species? It is appr 2-3 cm on a side with a significant narrow fossa along the entire internal margin of the bone. All suggestions will be valued.
  13. Took a trip to the dredge piles at the C&D Canal earlier this week. Spent about 45 minutes there, sweating in the sun! Worth going back for another, longer visit. I understand they are now dredging in different areas, covering over the fossiliferous piles. There still appears to be quite a few fossils, however I'm sure as the project continues access will lessen. I went to the first pull off, east side of Reedy Point Bridge on the northern side of the canal. This was my second visit here (last time was a short 15min visit to scope it out). I believe there are 3 other sites with dredge piles, which I've yet to check out. I had a shovel and sifter, but mostly did some surface hunting. Belemnites, Pycnodonte and Exogyra were abundant. Highlight was a complete Brachiopod (Terebratulina Cooperi). Thanks for looking! Some photos of the site, and a few fossils I found sitting on the surface. Sunscreen and water is a must for a couple hour excursion. Pycnodonte mutabilis Belemnite Beleminite and Lima Reticulata (?)
  14. pachy-pleuro-whatnot-odon

    British Wealden aigialosaur

    Hi all, I was recently told about supposed Aigialosaurus/aigialosaurid (mosasaurus) material from the Wealden at Bexhill-on-Sea in East Sussex, and was wondering whether anybody knows anything more about this. Because, as far as I'm aware (Wikipedia), Aigialosaurus is described from Hvar in Croatia and, moreover, temporarily restricted to the Cenomanian, whereas these remains, stemming from the Wealden, would be Early Cretaceous in age (Berriasian through Aptian) - most likely Valanginian, as they were recovered from Bexhill-on-Sea. (Image source) I must say these remains do look rather mosasauroid, although I've been unsuccessful in finding further information on the specimen, which is supposed to be housed in the Bexhill Museum. The person who first told me about them remembers having seen a newspaper article, believes the British Natural History Museum was involved with the specimen back then, and had heard about a paper being written about it. That's about all I have to go on for now. So my questions right now are: does anyone have more information on this specimen; know of the publication; and what do people here generally make of this piece: is it mosasauroid, or could it be something else? @paulgdls @DE&i @Praefectus @caterpillar @The Amateur Paleontologist @Kosmoceras @ThePhysicist @Welsh Wizard @DanJeavs
  15. Psmith8547

    Vertebrae identification

    Found these vertebra in same area as some turtle scutes but also dino bones. The large one was on a separate butte than the small ones. The small ones were from an area where I found maybe 6 more, various degrees of breakage. They are all acoelus. The largest doesn't have signs of broken neural processes. All have that hourglass shaped groove down the back between series of ridges. I can't find similar configurations anywhere. Turtle?
  16. Echinoid Express

    Hardouinia mortonis (Weathered)

    From the album: My Echinoid Collection

    Hardouinia mortonis Peedee Formation Maastrichtian Age, Late Cretaceous (~70 Ma) Holden Beach, Brunswick County, North Carolina, USA Self collected approximately between 2001 and 2005 A forgotten specimen of mine I recently found in a box of old seashells, this is a heavily weathered but mostly complete specimen I found as a young boy. While I've been a fan of fossils for quite some time, I both did not completely know the true nature of these sea urchins around the time, nor did I typically treasure things that had imperfections when I was that young. Now, I can safely say that this is a very special specimen; this may be one of the first fossils, if not the first fossil, I have collected myself. As a sidenote, my younger brother managed to find a nearly perfect specimen sometime between 2007-2010, which was a source of my envy for over a decade until the beach replinishement project!
  17. Arthrodire

    Deinosuchus illustration

    Hello, new to the site and very impressed. This was done for under Dr. Schwimmer for his book King of the Crocodilians. The process of refining the teeth morphology took a very long, almost geologic, time. Acrylic with oil glazes. I mostly do fish though. Anyways, thanks for having a look.
  18. Edited (04/14/23) With all of the new discoveries over the past few years there is very little out there that is current or accurate. Here is my view of the Dinosaurian/Crocodilian fauna from the Hell Creek and Lance Formation excluding Avialae. Let me add that the lack of a large dataset or complete specimens leaves many unanswered questions for many of these genera. New discoveries will be needed to firm up a any listing of the fanual listing Tyrannosauridae: - Tyrannosaurus rex (Osborn 1905) - Nanotyrannus lancensis (Bakker et al. 1988) - Aublysodon mirandus (Not Valid) Alverezauridae: - Trierarhunchus prairiensis (Fowler et al. 2020) Ornithomimidae: - Struthiomimus sedens? (Marsh 1982) - Ornithomimus velox (March 1890) Caenagnathids: - Anzu wyliei (Lamanna et al. 2014) - Caenagathid indet. including Leptorhynchos (Discussion with P. Larsen multiple additional species probably exist and fragmentary material is known) Dromaeosauridae: - Acheroraptor temertyorum (Evans et al. 2013) - Dakotaraptor steini (DePalma et al. 2015) - Dromaeosaurid indet. (Discussion with P. Larsen and the fact that numerous isolated teeth & foot claws exist which do not fit the other two taxons) - Microraptoria indet. ? (Based on isolated bones in my collection ID as possible by prominent paleontologist, also known from North American Campanian deposits) Troodontidae: - Pectinodon bakkeri (Carpenter 1982) - cf Troodon formosus - cf Zapsalis abradens (not valid) Other Theropods: - cf Richardoestesia gilmorei - cf Richardoestesia isosceles - cf Paronychodon lacustri Ankylosauria: - Ankylosaurus magniventris (Brown 1908) - Denversaurus schlessman (Bakker 1988) - cf Gilyptodontopelta (Nodosaur)(Partial skeleton exists and in the process of being studied by a major museum) (have an isolated osteoderm in my collection, its very distinctive) Pachycephalosauria: - Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis (Gilmore 1931) - Sphaerotholus buchholtzae (Williamson et al. 2002) - Platytholus clemensi (Horner et al. 2023) Ceratopsidae: - Leptoceratops gracilis (Brown 1914) - Leptoceratops sp. (BHI fragmantry material) - Tatankaceratops sacrisonorum (Ott & Larsen 2010) - Torosaurus latus (Marsh 1891) - Triceratops horridus (Marsh 1889) - Triceratops prorsus (Marsh 1890) Others more problematic: - Triceratops sp 2 (Fowler 2017) (MOR 3027 Yoshi specimen) - ?Chasmosaurine MOR 1122 7-22-00-1 - ?Ceratopsian indet. (skulls floating around that are claimed to be a new species including: Nedoceratops hatcher, Lance Fm and Duranteceratops, Hell Creek Fm) Hadrosauridae: - Edmontosaurus annectens (Lambe 1917) - ?Lambeosaurine (Based on a large humerus) Thescelosauridae: - Thescelosaurus neglectus (Glmore 1913) - ?Thescelosaurus gabanii (Morris 1976) (Based on fragmentary material) (A poster was presented at the SVP 2022 meeting of two T. neglectus skulls identified as Male and Female...T gabanii?) Crocodylia: - Borealosuchus sternbergii (Brochu 1997) - Brachychampsa montana (Gimore 1911) - Thoracosaurus neocesariensis (de Kay 1842) - ? Prodiplocynodon langi (Mook 1941)
  19. Mosasaurhunter

    Is this a ghost shrimp/crab burrow?

    Hello, I recently found this in a Ripley formation exposure near my house. I think it is a crab or ghost shrimp burrow of some kind but I’m not sure exactly if it is or not. Any help would be appreciated, thanks.
  20. Hello all, Found some nice Cretaceous fossils in my area (Limburg). Most of the fossils are between 70.6 and 69.3 million years old. Fossils from the Vijlen Chalk (Vijlen 0-3 and Vijlen 4-6) are approximately between 70.6 and 69 million years old. Including the latest part of the late late Maastrichtian, the age for all late Cretaceous fossils from Limburg is 72-66 mya. -one belemnite phragmocone (Steinkern/internal mold/impression); -one part of a sea urchin spine; -two oysters (small). One Pycnodonte vesicularis (Lamarck, 1806) and one other oyster (same species?); -one sea urchin (possibly Cardiaster sp. From the Kalksteen van Kunrade (macrofossils are rare in this chalk).
  21. The Tyrannosaur Dinosaurs (Tyrannosauroidea) inhabited North America from 152 Million Years ago during the Late Jurassic era up until 66 Million Years ago during the Late Cretaceous era. https://www.app.pan.pl/article/item/app20110141.html However, there is a relatively large geologic gap between the time of the Late Jurassic to the Santonian-Campanian stages of the Cretaceous (when the the oldest known Tyrannosaurid Lythronax (Late Creteaceous, 81.9-81.5 Million Years ago) emerged) in terms of the number of Tyrannosauroidae confirmed in North America. However, this doesn't mean they were completely absent from the Continent. Rather, they remained small to mid sized predators under the shadow of Large Carnosaurs up until the Cenomanian-Turnonian extinction event 93-94 Million years ago, which the tyrannosaurs filled the role of Apex Predator in most terrestrial ecosystems by the Campanian stage of the Cretaceous. The Tyrannosaur geologic gap between the Late Jurassic and Santonian Cretaceous is also not completely empty and several confirmed Tyrannosauroidea are known from this time period in North America. I've created a list of known Tyrannosauroidea species and specimens from the Aptian-Santonian Cretaceous of North America which I would like to share on the fourtm (let me know if there are any examples I'm missing or should add): Unnamed Cloverly Formation Tyrannosauroid (Tyrannosaur – Cloverly Formation, Wyoming, US, North America) (Early Cretaceous, 108 Million Years ago) (Based on Specimen FMNH PR 2750, likely grew up to 1.2 meters (3.9 feet) in length) https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/08912963.2010.543952 https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Lindsay- Zanno/publication/229287579_On_the_earliest_record_of_Cretaceous_tyrannosauroids_in_western_North_America_Implications_for_an_Early_Cretaceous_Laurasian_interchange_event/links/0fcfd50089dd8f3955000000/On-the-earliest-record-of-Cretaceous-tyrannosauroids-in-western-North-America-Implications-for-an-Early-Cretaceous-Laurasian-interchange-event.pdf Unnamed Wayan Formation Tyrannosauroid (Tyrannosaur – Wayan Formation, Idaho, US, North America) (Early Late Cretaceous, 100.6-97.8 Million Years ago) (Based on Specimen IMNH 2251/53975, grew up to 1.2 meters (3.9 feet) in length) https://bioone.org/journals/journal-of-paleontology/volume-96/issue-6/jpa.2022.42/A-partial-tyrannosauroid-femur-from-the-mid-Cretaceous-Wayan-Formation/10.1017/jpa.2022.42.full Unnamed Lewisville Formation Tyrannosauroid (Tyrannosaur - Woodbine Group Lewisville Formation, Texas US, North America) (Late Cretaceous (100-95 Million Years ago)) (Based on Specimens DMNH 2013-0701701 and SMU 77218, grew up to 2.7-4.8 meters (8.8-15 feet) in length) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8796713/ Moros intrepidus (Tyrannosaur – Cedar Mountain Formation, Utah, US, North America) (Early Cretaceous (96.4 Million Years ago)) (Grew up to 1.2 meters (3.9 feet) in length) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6385174/ Suskityrannus hazelae (Tyrannosaur – Moreno Hill Formation, New Mexico, US, North America) (Early Cretaceous, 93.5-89.3 Million Years ago) (grew up to 3 meters (9.8 feet) in length) https://www.pure.ed.ac.uk/ws/files/82474043/82473554._Brusatte._AAM.pdf
  22. Tyrannosauridae Dinosaur diversity was unique in the Western and Eastern areas of the North American Continent during the Late Cretaceous era around 95-66 Million Years ago) as a result of a seaway the cut the continent in two (creating the continents of Laramidia (now Western North America) and Appalachia (now Eastern North America)). By the Maastrichtian stage of the Cretaceous 68 Million Years ago, the seaway decreased in size and a land bride formed between Laramidia and Appalachia. https://deeptimemaps.com/western-interior-seaway/ This is around the same time Tyrannosaurus rex emerged in Laramida and other Tyrannosauridae including the smaller Dryptosaurus lived in Appalachia. Map of the currently known Tyrannosaurus rex fossil discovery sites Maps of the currently known Maastricthian Tyrannosauridae fossil discovery sites in Eastern North America (not shown on the maps here are Late Cretaceous Tyrannosauridae fossil sites in South Carolina and North Carolina) https://paleobiodb.org/navigator/ What I'm wondering is even with this land bridge formed, what prevented Tyrannosaurus from colonizing the Eastern portion of North America during the Maastricthian Cretaceous? If it didn't prevent this, has there been any fossils found in the Eastern portion of North America that belong to the Tyrannosauridae genus Tyrannosaurus?
  23. Yesterday another fossil hunt in Late Cretaceous sediments (early early Maastrichtian, perhaps some fossils from the late late Campanian are also present but possibly only early early Maastrichtian (earliest Maastrichtian). These sediments and the Formation itself is around 70-68 and/or 71-67 million years old. Found some black, brown and light coloured belemnites (often broken parts of the rostrum and one broken one embedded in chalk), some very small shark teeth (1mm-1 cm), and one big sea urchin in chalk (Cardiaster granulosus (Goldfuss, 1829). My girlfriend found the sea urchin and was very happy because it is the first Cardiaster sp. she found. All of these organisms lived in the Cretaceous sea that covered Europe between 70 and 66 million years ago (including during the end of the Cretaceous, the late late Maastrichtian).
  24. Big News, a new Pachycephalosaurid from the Hell Creek Formation Platytholus clemensi. It's intermediate in size between the small-bodied Sphaerotholus and the largest Pachycephalosaurus Paywalled https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/02724634.2023.2190369#.ZDm0HAS1AH0.twitter
  25. My past two trips to Ramanessin Brook in Holmdel, NJ have been especially productive. Resulting in much larger teeth and much more diverse finds, Ramanessin has proven to be a much better spot than Big Brook for me. Here are the finds from the first trip: Many large anterior goblin shark teeth; a very large crow shark tooth; some very nice mackerel shark teeth; two pycnodont teeth; coral; a large ghost shrimp claw; a large ammonite fragment; a scallop with both shells intact; what I believe to be a fragment of a very large sawfish tooth (though it does seem especially striated for a sawfish) Finds from the second trip: More large goblin shark teeth (one pathological); another large crow; some very curvy mackerel shark teeth; small shark vert and a fragment of another; some sort of bony fish jaw; various sawfish crowns; a beaver tooth (more insight as to its age would be greatly appreciated); two Gastropod molds; ratfish jaw; I believe the two large fossils to the right are a coral imprint and possibly a lobster claw another pic of the beaver tooth; it seems hollow inside chewing surface seems worn; leads me to believe it is a modern adult beaver tooth up close pic of the lobster claw; noticeable “dots”
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