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  1. From the album: MY FOSSIL Collection - Dpaul7

    Sea Urchin Fossil - Mepygurus depressus Madagascar Callovian stage of the Jurassic Era circa 144 to 208 million years ago This type of Sea Urchin, "Mepygurus depressus", like a (sand dollar), is an extremely flat form of echinoid. They are a slow moving creature, feeding primarily upon algae, as they burrow through the soft sand in our oceans. Sea Urchins have a rigid skeletal system, known as a test, which is comprised of several interlocking plates. On the top of their bodies are five visually paired rows of perforations of their endoskeleton, which are formed in a perfect star shaped pattern. These perforations act as a gas exchange system for the Sea Urchin. Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Echinodermata Class: Echinoidea Order: Cassiduloida Family: Clypeidae Genus: Mepygurus Species: depressus
  2. From the album: MY FOSSIL Collection - Dpaul7

    Natural Iridescent Ammonite Ammolite Specimen Fossil Madagascar, probably Mahajanga Province Early Cretaceous period - Early Aptian (about 115 million years old) Cleoniceras is a rather involute, high-whorled hoplitid from the Lower to basal Middle Albian of Europe, Madagascar, and Transcaspian region. The shell has a generally small umbilicus, arched to acute venter, and typically at some growth stage, falcoid ribs that spring in pairs from umbilical tubercles, usually disappearing on the outer whorls. Ammonoids are an extinct group of marine mollusc animals in the subclass Ammonoidea of the class Cephalopoda. These molluscs are more closely related to living coleoids (i.e., octopuses, squid, and cuttlefish) than they are to shelled nautiloids such as the living Nautilus species. The earliest ammonites appear during the Devonian, and the last species died out during the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event. Ammonites are excellent index fossils, and it is often possible to link the rock layer in which a particular species or genus is found to specific geologic time periods. Their fossil shells usually take the form of planispirals, although there were some helically spiraled and nonspiraled forms (known as heteromorphs). The name "ammonite", from which the scientific term is derived, was inspired by the spiral shape of their fossilized shells, which somewhat resemble tightly coiled rams' horns. Pliny the Elder (d. 79 AD near Pompeii) called fossils of these animals ammonis cornua ("horns of Ammon") because the Egyptian god Ammon (Amun) was typically depicted wearing ram's horns. Often the name of an ammonite genus ends in -ceras, which is Greek for "horn". Ammolite is an opal-like organic gemstone found primarily along the eastern slopes of the Rocky Mountains of North America. It is made of the fossilized shells of ammonites, which in turn are composed primarily of aragonite, the same mineral contained in nacre, with a microstructure inherited from the shell. It is one of few biogenic gemstones; others include amber and pearl. Ammolite comes from the fossil shells of the Upper Cretaceous disk-shaped ammonites Placenticeras meeki and Placenticeras intercalare, and (to a lesser degree) the cylindrical baculite, Baculites compressus. Ammonites were cephalopods, that thrived in tropical seas until becoming extinct along with the dinosaurs at the end of the Mesozoic era. Other fossils, such as many found in Madagascar and Alberta, display iridescence. These iridescent ammonites are often of gem quality (ammolite) when polished. In no case would this iridescence have been visible during the animal's life; additional shell layers covered it. Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Mollusca Class: Cephalopoda Order: Ammonitida Family: Hoplitidae Genus: Cleoniceras
  3. From the album: MY FOSSIL Collection - Dpaul7

    Natural Iridescent Ammonite Ammolite Specimen Fossil Madagascar, probably Mahajanga Province Early Cretaceous period - Early Aptian (about 115 million years old) Cleoniceras is a rather involute, high-whorled hoplitid from the Lower to basal Middle Albian of Europe, Madagascar, and Transcaspian region. The shell has a generally small umbilicus, arched to acute venter, and typically at some growth stage, falcoid ribs that spring in pairs from umbilical tubercles, usually disappearing on the outer whorls. Ammonoids are an extinct group of marine mollusc animals in the subclass Ammonoidea of the class Cephalopoda. These molluscs are more closely related to living coleoids (i.e., octopuses, squid, and cuttlefish) than they are to shelled nautiloids such as the living Nautilus species. The earliest ammonites appear during the Devonian, and the last species died out during the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event. Ammonites are excellent index fossils, and it is often possible to link the rock layer in which a particular species or genus is found to specific geologic time periods. Their fossil shells usually take the form of planispirals, although there were some helically spiraled and nonspiraled forms (known as heteromorphs). The name "ammonite", from which the scientific term is derived, was inspired by the spiral shape of their fossilized shells, which somewhat resemble tightly coiled rams' horns. Pliny the Elder (d. 79 AD near Pompeii) called fossils of these animals ammonis cornua ("horns of Ammon") because the Egyptian god Ammon (Amun) was typically depicted wearing ram's horns. Often the name of an ammonite genus ends in -ceras, which is Greek for "horn". Ammolite is an opal-like organic gemstone found primarily along the eastern slopes of the Rocky Mountains of North America. It is made of the fossilized shells of ammonites, which in turn are composed primarily of aragonite, the same mineral contained in nacre, with a microstructure inherited from the shell. It is one of few biogenic gemstones; others include amber and pearl. Ammolite comes from the fossil shells of the Upper Cretaceous disk-shaped ammonites Placenticeras meeki and Placenticeras intercalare, and (to a lesser degree) the cylindrical baculite, Baculites compressus. Ammonites were cephalopods, that thrived in tropical seas until becoming extinct along with the dinosaurs at the end of the Mesozoic era. Other fossils, such as many found in Madagascar and Alberta, display iridescence. These iridescent ammonites are often of gem quality (ammolite) when polished. In no case would this iridescence have been visible during the animal's life; additional shell layers covered it. Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Mollusca Class: Cephalopoda Order: Ammonitida Family: Hoplitidae Genus: Cleoniceras
  4. From the album: Vertebrates

    Icarealcyon malagasium Beltan, 1984 Early Triassic Dienerian Sakamena Formation Ambilobe Madagascar
  5. oilshale

    Pteronisculus macropterus White, 1933

    In his 1933 paper, White described two new Pteroniscoids from Madagascar: Pteronisculus cicatrosus , which is rather common and the somewhat rarer Pteronisculus macropterus. Diagnosis from White 1933, p. 126: "Pteronisculus with elongate-fusiform body; maximum depth rather less than length of head with opercular apparatus, and equal to one—quarter total length to base of caudal fin. Length of pectoral fin exceeding distance between tip of snout and hinder margin of maxilla. Origin of dorsal fin above fortieth scale—row from pectoral girdle approximately. Scales in more than seventy vertical rows to base of caudal fin, and ornamented with oblique rugæ only." Sketch from White 1933, p. 126: References: White, E. I. (1933): New Triassic palaeoniscids from Madagascar. Ann. a. Mag. Nat. Hist.(10) 11: 118-128; London
  6. oilshale

    Australosomus merlei Piveteau, 1934

    From the album: Vertebrates

    Australosomus merlei Piveteau, 1934 Lower Triassic Dienerian Sakamena Formation Ambilobe Madagascar Small to medium size fish (~ 10 to 15cm / 4 to 6"), fusiform body, relatively small head with a slightly rounded snout. Its dorsal fin is located in the posterior fourth of the body. Caudal fin divided with wide lobes. Scales on the flanks are noticeably stalk-shaped.
  7. oilshale

    Icarealcyon malagasium Beltan, 1984

    Taxonomy from Fossilworks.org. Due to its enormous pectoral fins, Icarealcyon malagasium was described by Beltan as a "poisson volant" - a "flying fish" - in the family Semionotidae (not related to what is now known as "flying fish" - these are Exocoetidae in the order Beloniformes). You would expect flying fish to be fast swimmers - the rather thickset appearance of Icarealcyon more likely hints to slow swimmers with relatively high maneuverability (comparable to Albertonia from British Columbia). Icarealcyon was described by Beltan on the basis of poor material - in all three specimens only the body without head was preserved. Icarealcyon is probably closely related to Albertonia, or possibly even a synonym. Line drawing from Beltan 1984, p. 78: References: L. Beltan. 1984. A propos d'un poisson volant biplan d l'Eotrias du NW de Madagascar: Icarealcyon malagasium Beltan. Annales de la Société Géologique du Nord 103:75-82
  8. From the album: Vertebrates

    Pteronisculus macropterus White, 1933 Lower Triassic Dienerian Ambodipo Madagascar Length 8cm / 3"
  9. Taxonomy from Fossilworks.org. Emended Diagnosis from Clement 1999, p. 234: "Fish of small size, standard length about 13 to 14 cm and maximum body depth about 3 to 3,5 cm. Body shape very elongated. Pelvic fins situated immediately in front of the level of the first dorsal fin (but not connected to the pectoral girdle). Presence of descending processes of the posterior parietal, postparietal and supratemporal. Lachrymojugal very elongated, slightly curved and not anteriorly angled. Palatal surface of the entopterygoid covered with numerous parallel sinuous rows and tiny rounded denticles. Midpart of angular very elevated, presenting a well-developed posterior angle . Ossified parapophyses absent in the anterior part of the notochord and very small under the second dorsal fin, increasing in size as far back as the anterior part of the caudal fin. Ornamentation of the squamation consisting of about 15 well-marked ridges, parallel to the longitudinal axis of the scales." Identified by oilshale using Clement 1999. References J. A. Moy-Thomas. 1935. The coelacanth fishes from Madagascar. Geological magazine 72:213-226 Lehmann, J.-P. (1952): Étude complémentaire des poissons de l’Eotrias de Madagascar. Kungliga Svenska Vetenskaps-akademiens Hangdlingar (4), 2 (6): 1-201; Stockholm. Gael Clement (1999) The Actinistian (Sarcopterygii) Piveteauia madagascariensis Lehman from the Lower Triassic of Northwestern Madagascar: A Redescription on the Basis of New Material. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology Vol. 19, No. 2, pp. 234-242 (9 pages).
  10. Miocene_Mason

    Cleoniceras

    From the album: WhodamanHD's Fossil collection.

    Ammonite purchased online, from Madagascar. formation is unknown to me. Cretaceous period.
  11. Miocene_Mason

    Coprolite

    From the album: WhodamanHD's Fossil collection.

    Coprolite bought at store. From Madagascar. I assume turtle.
  12. moriniboy

    Petrified wood

    From the album: Nigel's album

    Ebay purchase
  13. moriniboy

    Nymboceras septum

    From the album: Nigel's album

    Albian formation, Madagascar 3.2 inches at its widest point
  14. fifbrindacier

    Ammonite

    Ammonite in aragonite.
  15. Taxonomy from Kogan & Romano 2016. Diagnosis from Kogan & Romano 2016, p. (e1151886-5): "Medium-sized saurichththyid (sensu Tintori, 2013) of at least 60 cm total length (MNHN.F MAE 2524, FG 1/2013, PIMUZ A/I 4144); extensive scale cover with high mid-lateral scales, broad mid-dorsal and mid-ventral scales, and numerous smaller rhombic scales present in dorsolateral and ventrolateral positions; one ventrolateral row of specialized, enlarged scales that are shaped like a tilted ‘L’; all fins with fringing fulcra of Pattern C (sensu Arratia, 2009), and with segmented, distally branched lepidotrichia; operculum long and subtriangular; antoperculum present; one pair of branchiostegal rays; suborbital bone developed; circumorbital series including a well-developed supraorbital, a dermosphenotic, and at least one posterior infraorbital bone; surangular very narrow and anteriorly reaching the level of the center of the orbit; elongate postorbital portion of the cranium, skull (including operculum) measuring about 27% of the total body length." References: Pivetau, J. (1944-45): Paléontologie de Madagascar, XXV. Les poissons du Trias inférieur. La famille des Saurichthyidés. Ann. Paléont., 31: 79-87. Rieppel, O. (1980): Additional specimens of Saurichthys madagascariensis from the Eotrias of Madagascar. N.Jb. Geol. Paläont. Mh., 1980 (1): 43-51. Beltan, L. (1996): Overview of systematics, paleobiology and paleoecology of Triassic fishes of northwestern Madagascar. In: Mesozoic Fishes - Systematics and Paleoecology, 1996, pp. 479-500. ISBN3-923871-90-2. Kogan, I. und Romano, C. (2016): Redescription of Saurichthys madagascariensis Piveteau, 1945 (Actinopterygii, Early Triassic), with implications for the early saurichthyid morphotype. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. Vol. 36, Iss. 4, 2016 DOI: 10.1080/02724634.2016.1151886
  16. From the album: Vertebrates

    Saurichthys madagascariensis Piveteau, 1945 Early Triassic Dienerian Sakamena Formation Anktokazo Madagascar Length 60cm Lit.: Pivetau, J. (1944-45): Paléontologie de Madagascar, XXV. Les poissons du Trias inférieur. La famille des Saurichthyidés. Ann. Paléont., 31: 79-87; Paris Rieppel, O. (1980): Additional specimens of Saurichthys madagascariensis from the Eotrias of Madagascar. N.Jb. Geol. Paläont. Mh., 1980 (1): 43-51; Stuttgart Kogan, I. und Romano, C. (2016): Redescription of Saurichthys madagascariensis Piveteau, 1945 (Actinopterygii, Early Triassic), with implications for the early saurichthyid morphotype. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. Vol. 36, Iss. 4, 2016 DOI: 10.1080/02724634.2016.1151886
  17. oilshale

    Pteronisculus cicatrosus WHITE, 1933

    Taxonomy from Lehman 1952. Genus Diagnosis from White 1933, p. 118: "Palæoniscidæ with fusiform bodies, long heads, and large orbits anteriorly placed. Gape wide and suspensorium very oblique. Frontals long with extreme irregular media] and digitate parietal sutures; parietals well developed with short triradiate sensory grooves and produced forwards into conspicuous median “ processes.” Preoperculum bent almost at fight-angles, with upper horizontal limb long and roughly triangular, but truncated by supratemporal margin: long wedge shaped bone “ Y ” in excavated antero—superior margin of operculum. Supratemporal large with anterior arm dividing strap-like intertemporal from frontal; four or five postorbital bones present. Teeth on outer margins of maxilla and dentary numerous, minute and sharply pointed. Fin—raye fine and very numerous, articulated dîstally in pectorals, but throughout in other fins; all distanty dichotomized; fulcra minute. Pectoral fins large, their length exceeding distance between their origin and that of ventralfins, which is somewhat nearer pectoral than anal fins; ventral and unpaired fins well developed, the triangular dorsal being posteriorly placed and somewhat anterior in position to similarly—shaped anal. Posterior half of caudal fin unknown. Scales small and numerous, deeplÿ overlapping, rhomboid in shape, their exposed surfaces covered with ganoine, obliquely ridged, and denticulated posteriorly." Species Diagnosis from White 1933, p. 120: "A Pteronisculus with fusiform body; maximum depth about equal to length of head with opercular apparatus, and rather less than one—third of total length to base of caudal fin. Length of pectoral fin somewhat less than distance between tip of snout and hinder margin of maxilla. Origin of dorsal fin above thirty—fourth scale—row from pectoral girdle approximately. Scales in about fifty—five vertical rows to base of caudal fin, and ornamented with oblique rugæ and a few finer rugæ running parallel to lower margin of scale on main flank—scales." Line drawing of the head from White 1933, p. 119: Line drawing from Lehman 1952, p. 69. References: White E. I. (1933) New Triassic Palaeoniscids from Madagascar. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Tenth Series 10:118-128. Lehman. J.-P. (1952) Etude complémentaire des poissons de l'Eotrias de Madagascar. Kungliga Svenska Vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar 2:1-201.
  18. References: Van Straelen V. (1933) Antrimpos madagascariensis Crustace decapode du Permotrias de Madagascar. Bull. Mus. Roy. hist. Nat. Belgique, Bruxelles, IX(1). Garassino A. & Teruzzi G., (1995) Studies on Permo-Trias of Madagascar, 3. The decapod crustaceans of the Ambilobe region (NW Madagascar). Atti. Soc. it. Sci. nat. Museo civ. Stor. nat. Milano, Milano, 134 (1): 85-113.
  19. oilshale

    Whiteia woodwardi Moy-Thomas, 1935

    Taxonomy from Fossilworks.org. Diagnosis for Whiteia woodwardi from Moy-Thomas 1935, p. 215: "Medium sized or small slender Coelacanths. Head relatively large. Skull with triangular operculars and preoperculars, quadrato-jugals, squamosals, postorbitals, lacrimo-jugals, supra- temporals, parietals, five extra scapular (post-parietal) plates and the angular ornamented with numerous tubercles. The coronoids are dumb-bell shaped and unornamented. The dermosphenotics (post frontals) are separate from the frontals, and the supraorbital series are pierced by large lateral line pores. Circumorbital ring well developed. Parasphenoid rather broad. Pterygoids with wide anterior limb and apparantly no notch in their dorsal margin. All the lepidotrichia of the anterior dorsal fin, and at least the most anterior of the dorsal and ventral lobes of the caudal fin ornamented with two rows of denticles. Pelvic fins situated behind the anterior dorsal fin about half-way between the two dorsal fins. Anal fin behind the posterior dorsal fin. Scales ornamented with tubercles, elongated tubercles, short ridges, or ridges stretching the whole length of the exposed area of the scales. This ornament runs approximately antero-posteriorly." References: Moy-Thomas, J. A. (1935) The coelacanth fishes from Madagascar. Geological magazine 72:213-226. Woodward, A.S. (1910) On some Permo-Carboniferous Fishes from Madagascar. Ann. Mag. Natur. Hist., ser. 8, 5: 1-6. Beltan, L. (1980a) Eotrias du Nord-Ouest de Madagascar: Etude de quelques poissons, don’t un est en parturition. Ann Soc. Geol. Nord, 99: 453-464; Lille.
  20. oilshale

    Parasemionotus labordei Priem, 1924

    Taxonomy from Fossilworks.org. Description from Frickhinger 1995, p. 417: "Small fish (up to 15cm / 6") with a rounded body, somewhat thickset appearance. Broad but short head. Dorsal fin attached to the posterior half of the body. Pectoral and anal fin small. Anal fin almost opposite to dorsal fin. Caudal fin moderately divided. Eyes remarkably large." Reconstruction of the head region: References: Priem, F. (1924): Paléontologie de Madagascar, XII. Les poissons fossiles. Ann. Paléont., 13: 107-132; Paris. Piveteau, J. (1934): Paléontologie de Madagascar, XXI. Les poissons du Trias inferieur. Contribution à l’étude des Actinoptérygiens. Ann Paléont., 23: 81-180; Paris. Piveteau, J. (1940): Paléontologie de Madagascar XXIV Nouvelles recherches sur les poisson du Trias inférieur. Ann. Paleont., 28: 69-88. Frickhinger, K. A. (1995) Fossil Atlas, Fishes. Mergus Verlag.
  21. Taxonomy from Fossilworks.org. Description by oilshale: Small fish (up to 15cm / 6") with a rounded body, somewhat thickset appearance. Dorsal fin attached to the posterior half of the body. Pectoral and anal fin relatively large. Anal fin starts behind end of dorsal fin. Caudal fin moderately divided. Eyes remarkably large. Reconstruction of the head region: References: Piveteau, J. (1940): Paléontologie de Madagascar XXIV Nouvelles recherches sur les poisson du Trias inférieur. Ann. Paleont., 28: 69-88
  22. Taxonomy from Fossilworks.org. Perleidus madagascariensis was recently redescribed by Tintori et al as Teffichthys madagascariensis. Origin of the name: Named after ‘TEFF’ (Triassic Early Fish Fauna; see Tintori et al. 2014), being one of the most common representatives of this assemblage, and from Greek ‘ichthys’, meaning ‘fish‘. Diagnosis from Marramà et al. 2017, p. 223: "Small- to medium-sized basal (non neopterygian) actinopterygian fish having the following unique combination of characters: body elongate and tapered; dermal cranial bones ornamented with tubercles and ridges; parietals subquadrangular in shape with three pit-lines (anterior, median and posterior); posttemporals widely separated; suborbital and spiracular ossicles present; two to five supraorbitals; nasals separated by the rostral; maxilla fixed to an almost vertical preopercle; straight oral margin of maxilla, which is dorso-posteriorly expanded; jaws with styliform teeth; broad vertical or slightly forward inclined preopercle; opercle smaller than subopercle; five to eight branchiostegal rays; dorsal and anal fins inserted in the posterior half of the body; median-fin rays only distally segmented and supported by an equal number of pterygiophores at least in the middle part; fringing fulcra present on all fins; abbreviated heterocercal caudal fin; anteriormost lateral trunk scales higher than wide, with serrated posterior margin." Reconstruction from Marramá et al., 2017, p. 228: References: Piveteau, J. (1934): Paléontologie de Madagascar, XXI. Les poissons du Trias inferieur. Contribution à l’étude des Actinoptérygiens. Ann Paléont., 23: 81-180; Paris Marramà G., Lombardo C., Tintori A. & Carnevale G. (2017) - Redescription of  ‘Perleidus’ (Osteichthyes, Actinopterygii) from the Early Triassic of northwestern Madagascar . Riv. It. Paleontol. Strat., 123(2): 219-242.
  23. oilshale

    Boreosomus gillioti Priem, 1924

    Small to medium sized fish (10 to 20 cm / 4 to 8"). Slender body, dorsal fin small, located before the body's midpoint. Caudal fin divided. Strong, rectangular scales. References: Priem, F. (1924) Paléontologie de Madagascar, XII. Les poissons fossiles. Ann. Paléont., 13: 107-132; Paris
  24. oilshale

    Australosomus merlei Piveteau, 1934

    Small to medium size fish (~ 10 to 15cm / 4 to 6"), fusiform body, relatively small head with a slightly rounded snout. Its dorsal fin is located in the posterior fourth of the body. Caudal fin divided with wide lobes. Scales on the flanks are noticeably stalk-shaped. References: Pivetau, J. (1934) Paléontologie de Madagascar, XXI. Les poissons du Trias inférieur. Contribution a l’etude des Actinopterygiens. Ann Paleont., 23: 81-180; Paris. Lehmann, J.-P. (1952) Étude complémentaire des poissons de l’Eotrias de Madagascar. Kungliga Svenska Vetenskaps-akademiens Hangdlingar (4), 2 (6): 1-201; Stockholm.
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