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  1. JakubArmatys

    Strange looking micro shark tooth

    I have problem with this enigmatic shark tooth. Location- Poland, Zabierzów (Cracow Area) Age- Cretaceous. Turonian Size- 2mm
  2. JakubArmatys

    Pleistocene (?) bone ID

    I found this bone in the river, possibly from Pleistocene (bone color + some kind of subfossil procceses) and what is that? I made a research, and this is smillair to nothing, maybe somebody knows what is that possibly.
  3. Here's a little bivalve mollusc from Kowala, Poland, of Late Devonian (Famenian) age. Can anyone identify this to some more precise category than "bivalve mollusc"? This bivalve is about 1.6 cm wide.
  4. Hi, I have been recently to a Cretaceous quarry in Kazimierz and I found these. I believe this one is some sort of a sponge - can anyone confirm or correct this assumption? This one too, I guess. I also found two specimens like this - they look like some kind of bivalve. Can anyone help ID those? I will appreciate any clues as whay these might be. Kasia
  5. Hi, I come from Poland. I love Baltic amber and inclusions are my great passion. On my blog "Planeta Fordon" I posted my specimens which I donated to researchers or to the Polish Museum of Evolution in Krakow. My blog is here https://planeta-fordon.blogspot.com/ A few inclusions are still unidentified, Can you suggest what they are ? I will be very grateful. Number 154 https://planeta-fordon.blogspot.com/2020/11/inkluzja-nr-154.html Number 67 https://planeta-fordon.blogspot.com/2020/07/inkluzzja-nr-67.html?fbclid=IwAR0qwfuDHZZAPFnoxJ6bwXWn446EFYdG5RTKjlzGYtscovs9UmLh-fuqS40
  6. I was told the rib could belong to some Pleistocene horse or a young mammoth. There were also proposals that the vertebra belonged to the steppe bison or the woolly rhinoceros. They both were found in Eastern Lesser Poland. What do you think? Thanks in advance!
  7. Konrad_K

    Black bone from river (Vistula)

    Hi guys! Just Found it in a riverside (Vistula) where currents are opposite to the direction of the river's flow. Photo taken after rinsing and removing the stone that got stuck in the hole. I wonder how old the bone can be and what animal it belonged to? Location: Toruń, Poland
  8. JakubArmatys

    Cretaceous Fish (Shark) Tooth

    Please identify this tooth Found in cretaceous, turonian sandy-limestone in Poland (Górka Pychowicka, Cracow). This rock is amazing, on left there's Ptychodus decurrens tooth too.
  9. Wronex

    What can this be?

    Hello everyone, This was found in rock shales in Bieszczady mountains - SE Poland. Do have any idea what can it be?
  10. Hi everyone! I have just returned from a fieldschool to Poland which was organized by the BVP (Belgium Society for Paleontology) in association with the Universities of Opole and Gdansk. The fieldschool started on the 9th july and ended on july 17. The first 2-3 days of the trip took place in the historic city of Gdansk which lies by the Baltic Sea where the main focus was on Baltic Amber. This included lectures, workshops, a small museum tour and some trips to the beach in search for amber. For the 2nd part of the trip we travelled to the south towards Opole and more specifically the Jurapark and digsite in Krasiejow where we had multiple lectures, workshops, and fieldwork in both Krasiejow and other quarries in the area. So in this topic I wanted to make a day by day report on this amazing trip and experience. Since we travelled by car I only returned yesterday evening so most of the finds still have to be photographed/prepped so expect them somewhere at the end of this topic (which might also take a few days to complete.)
  11. DrogaMleczna

    Fish scale in limestone?

    Is this a fish scale? Or just a concretion? It's 14.5mm in length. Glacial erratic limestone, found near Jeziorsko, Łódzkie, Poland.
  12. Hi! I made new display cabinet for my fossils picked for about 3 years now, just wanted to take you for a tour through my neighboring areas of interest Most of them are just boring ammonites but I recently acquired some new specimens like that big chunk of nautilus or some wood from a new discovered place, they're from Bathonian level. It's getting interesting
  13. JakubArmatys

    Cretaceous Shark Tooth?

    Anybody can identify this Tooth? Found in cretaceous, turonian sandy-limestone in Poland (Tyniec, Cracow). I think it's a Shark Tooth, or other fish but I don't know which exactly.
  14. Tidgy's Dad

    Adam's Late / Upper Silurian

    The thread http://www.thefossilforum.com/index.php?/topic/84678-adams-silurian/ was getting rather enormous, so I have decided to leave that one to deal with the Llandovery and Wenlock and put my specimens from the Late / Upper Silurian here, though I don't have a great deal of material from the Ludlow and Pridoli yet. However, I do still have some jolly nice specimens to show off here. Here are my other collection threads for the Cambrian and Ordovician ; http://www.thefossilforum.com/index.php?/topic/78887-adams-cambrian/&tab=comments#comment-832018 and : http://www.thefossilforum.com/index.php?/topic/78974-adams-ordovician/&tab=comments#comment-832912 In the mid 1980's, on the way home from one of my annual visits to the Hay-on-Wye second-hand bookshops, I managed to persuade my girlfriend at the time to take a bit of a detour and stop off at a roadcuttting just outside Aymestrey,, Herefordshire in the Welsh Borderlands. The rock here is the Aymestry (sic) Limestone Formation, part of the Upper Bringewood Beds and is Gorstian, Lower Ludlow in age, so about 426 mya and a little younger than the Much Wenlock Shale Formation. Many species of coral, trilobites and brachiopods found in the formation are the same as those found at Dudley, but the bed is noted for its massive numbers of the brachiopod Kirkidium knighti (was K. knightii),a lovely, large pentamerid. In fact, during my hour or so searching, I found almost nothing but this species, the only exception being a couple of Atrypa reticularis. The problem was that this limestone is thick and seriously hard, even the broken bits are generally huge, but I managed to obtain half a dozen reasonable specimens and about the same number of fragments. Over the years I have traded, given away or sold them, so that now I only have the best one left. Here is Kirkidium knighti : It's a shame the tip of the beak is broken off : I make index cards for all my fossils, this is the one I made for the specimens at the time, back in the mid 1980's : And today's version : There was a minor extinction between the Wenlock and the Ludlow, known as the Mulde event and it is often said to have primarily effected graptolites and conodonts, but it seems to me it had a massive impact on the bryozoan faunas of the time too. Gone are the varied stony stick and mound trepostomes that made up such an integral part of many faunas from the Middle Ordovician through to the Middle Silurian and even cystoporid groups such as the Constellariidae became extinct at this time. Trepostomes and cystoporids did survive until the end of the Triassic, but were never as important again, the bryozoan faunas would start to become dominated by fenestrids in the Devonian, though they reached their peak of diversity and distribution in the Carboniferous. I will look closely at my limited number of rocks, but I don't think I have a single Late Silurian bryozoan. I know our friend @Mainefossils studies the Late Silurian Leighton Formation in microscopic detail, but I can't recall him posting any bryozoans. Are there any, Asher, old chap? Interesting.
  15. Tomasz22

    Is it a fossil seed ?

    Hello to everybody This is my first post and I'm new here but I would like to kindly ask you about the object I've found in Poland. Is it a Cycad fossil or Bennettital fosil or maybe non of them are ? Diameter - 32mm Height 31 mm. Best regards Tomasz
  16. A break from the usual dinosaurs, I am quite interested in this as it is an oddity. It is apparently a cro-magnon femur. From the site of a gravel pit along the former San River in Poland. I am waiting to hear the measurements from seller, but my questions are thus A - Is it actually real B - Is it actually legal Like, selling/buying a bone from a cro-magnon/early human seems like something that shouldn't be legal. Seller is in Europe, would I have any issues exporting it to the UK?
  17. Dasha

    Coral or sponge?

    Hi guys! I was in the Warsaw Geological Museum and there I came across this specimen which reminded me of Tabulate coral, but it was signed as a "sponge"... The sponge from the "maastrichtian age", when Tabulata already was extinct. I couldn't be more confused. This one still looks like coral to me. What do you think?
  18. oilshale

    Holosteus mariae (Menner 1948)

    Menner described this species, under the generic name of Pavlovichthys, from the Lower Khadum deposits of the Caucasus. Taxonomy from paleobiodb.org. Diagnosis for the genus Holosteus from Danil'chenko 1960 p. 40: “Body length about 8-12 times the height; head length 2-3 times body height. Snout long, conical. Lower jaw articulated with quadrate in front of the orbit, and bearing sharp flat teeth: small anteriorly, larger in the posterior region. Premaxilla long, thin, fringing the entire length of the jaw. Vertebrae 70-90. Ribs thin, long. Trunk vertebrae with bifurcated neurapophyses. Intermuscular ossicles well developed. Dorsal and anal fin situated in posterior part of body; anal starting in front of vertical from beginning of dorsal. Pelvic fins wide, with numerous rays. Several free, rayless interapophyses behind the occiput, the anterior of them with small bony plates. Caudal stem thin. Caudal fin separated from anal and dorsal by small interval. Caudal fin rays surrounding the urostyle. Though retaining the main characteristics of the Paralepididae, Holosteus differs from all recent genera of the family in the position of the dorsal fin, which is displaced backward behind the beginning of the anal, in the wide pelvic fins and in the marked development of intermuscular ossicles.” Line drawing from Danil'chenko 1969, p. 41: Identified by oilshale using Danil'chenko 1969. References: Agassiz L. (1835) Recherches Sur Les Poissons Fossiles. Tome IV (livr. 4). Imprimerie de Petitpierre, Neuchatel 33-52. MENNER W. W. (1948) Ichtiofauna maikopskikh otlozheniy Kavkaza. Trudy Instit. Geol Nauk, vyp. 98, 30: 51–62. Danil'chenko P. G. (1960) Bony fishes of the Maikop deposits of the Caucasus. Trudy Paleontologicheskogo Instituta 78:1-247. KOTLARCZYK, J.; JERZMAÑSKA, A.; OEWIDNICKA, E.; WISZNIOWSKA, T.(2006): A FRAMEWORK OF ICHTHYOFAUNAL ECOSTRATIGRAPHY OF THE OLIGOCENE–EARLY MIOCENE STRATA OF THE POLISH OUTER CARPATHIAN BASIN. Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae (2006), vol. 76: 1–111.
  19. Since I’m asking about one fish, I might as well ask about another. Again, @Fossildude19 Tim I would love your opinion on this one. Of course, everyone’s opinions are welcome. Here is an Antigonia sp. fish from Poland, age is Oligocene. Fish measures 18mm in length. First photos are direct screenshots. Next two photos have been enhanced with a magnifier from my photo app. Thanks in advance again!
  20. Hey everyone! I’m not sure I’m ready to pull the trigger on this fish, so I’d love some opinions. @Fossildude19 Tim, I would really love your opinion on this. I know it’s probably not the best quality, but it’s within my price range with the possibility of getting another fish too. Here we have an Argyropelecus cosmovicii that is 28mm in length. All that is listed for location is Poland, and age is Oligocene. Here are the first pictures that were screenshot from the seller’s photos. The next two photos I tried to enhance a bit with a magnifier in my photo app and add a little contrast. Please, all, give me your thoughts! Thanks a bunch in advance!
  21. Taxonomy from Fossilworks.com Diagnosis from Danil'chenko 1960, p. 29: "Trunk height equal to length of 24-26 midlength vertebrae. Ventral profile of body rises sharply, almost at right angle at beginning of caudal region, where the body height decreases to approximately one half. Body height in vertical with anterior ray of anal fin corresponding to only 35-40% of the maximum body height and equal to the length of 10-11 vertebrae. Maximum body height 1.5 times head length; latter equal to the length of 15-16 anterior vertebrae. Mouth slit oblique, forming angle of 50-60° with the longitudinal body axis. Upper jaw composed of short premaxilla and long, posteriorly widened maxilla, which is somewhat curved ventrally and reaches the vertical from the eye center. Lower jaw wide, slightly protruding forward with respect to the upper, connected with quadrate opposite the eye center. Teeth small on both jaws but larger on maxilla than on premaxilla and dentary. Parasphenoid thin, bent sharply upward posteriorly, projecting below the orbit. Preopercular narrow, straight dorsally, ventrally bent at right angle forward, forming short horizontal branch which almost reached the posterior edge of the upper jaw. Opercular narrower than orbital diameter. Vertebrae short, almost square, with slight median constriction. Ribs 7-8 pairs, from 3-4 to 10 vertebrae inclusively. Ribs large, slightly curved, almost square, very long, ending just above the ventral margin, ventrally joined by wide bony plates. Length of rib from middle part of trunk region equal to about 65% of the length of the vertebral column. Trunk neurapophyses deflected slightly backward, firmly united with the solid interapophyses of the first dorsal fin. Neural spines of anterior part of caudal region lanceolate in form, almost perpendicular to the axis of the vertebral column. Lanceolate widening more conspicuous in hemapophyses of anterior part of caudal region of vertebral column between the 1st and 10th caudal vertebrae; here the hemapophyses are united by the lateral edges, and their acute ventral ends reach the interapophyses of the anal fin. Neurapophyses of anterior part of caudal region normal in structure, deflected backward at an angle of 40 — 50° to the vertebral column." Line drawing from Danil'chenko 1960, p. 30: Identified by oilshale using Jerzmanska 1968. References: Cosmovici, L. C. & Paucã, M., (1943) Ein neuer fossiler Fisch mit erhaltenen Leuchtorganen: Argyropelecus cosmovicii sowie Erwägungen der Ablagerung der Menilitschiefer. Bulletin de la Section Scientifique Académie Roumaine, 26: 271–280. Danil'chenko, P. G., (1960) Bony fishes of the Maikop deposits of the Caucasus. Trudy Paleontologicheskogo Instituta 78:1-247. Jerzmanska, A., (1968) Ichtyofaune des couches a ménilite (flysch des Karpathes). Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 13(3):379-488. Kotlarczyk, J., Jerzmañska, A., Swidnicka, E. & Wiszniowska, T. (2006) A framework of ichthyofaunal ecostratigraphy of the Oligocene–Early Miocene strata of the Polish Outer Carpathian basin. Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae, 76: 1–111.
  22. Taxonomy from Prikryl et al. 2014. Diagnosis from Prikryl et al. 2014, p. 694: "This species differ from the other species in the greater number of spines in the first dorsal fin (VIII or IX vs. VI in P. rebeli and VII in P. pietschmanni); by presence of 25 rays (first is probably spinous) in the second dorsalfin vs. I + 23 in P. rebeli and I + 27 in P. pietschmanni; lower number of rays in anal fin (28 rays with unrecognizable spines vs. II + 32 in P. rebeli and II + 40 in P. pietschmanni); and by presence of small teeth on the premaxilla (vs. relatively large teeth in the other species)" Line drawing of the holotype by Prikryl et al. 2014, p. 695. Identified by A. Bannikov (Borisyak Paleontological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences). References: Tomás Prikryl, Alexandre F. Bannikov, Ionut. Gradianu, Iwona Kania & Wiesław Krzeminski (2014) Revision of the family Propercarinidae (Perciformes, Stromateoidei) with description of a new species from the Oligocene of the Carpathians. Comptes Rendus Palevol Volume 13, Issue 8, Pages 691-700.
  23. Last week I had the chance to go for a short fossil hunting trip to the area called the Polish Jura – famous for limestone formations, which take several fantastic shapes and have their very own names. Here are some instances: The camel The Hercules club The Trolls It’s also the area with numerous stone castles from the 14th and 15th century – the are located along the so-called Trail of the Eagle's Nests Here are some examples: But my main interest were of course fossil sites. First we visited the so-called Karniowice travertine – academic description says: “they form several lenticular bodies (up to more than 10 m thick) in the lower part of the Permian conglomerates and volcanic tuffs, discordantly overlying the Carboniferous sandstones. Light-grey travertine is locally highly porous or cavernous. It is formed of sparry calcite containing dispersed chalcedone aggregates and impregnations of iron and copper sulfides.“ According to the description it was supposed to be the locus classicus of Dendropupa zarecznyi – one of the oldest gastropods. Nowadays it looks like this: We brought home a few pieces of the rock, but no Permian gastropods (or anything else, for that matter), in them. They just have really fantastic shapes The second location en route was Płaza quarry – the Triassic site I have already visited before. The place didn’t change much from last time: except that there were very little fossils available, mainly brachs and crinoids: I found these two fossils – do you think the white stuff are pieces of bones? The other Triassic quarry in the area was unfortunately turned into a shooting range and is no longer accessible The next day we went to Tarnogórski Canyon – which is a former dolomite mine. It’s quite big: and a bit overgrown not to mention a little lake in the middle We searched the rubble for quite a time, but again – only pieces of crinoids: After such a disappointment, we went to see the Black Trout Adit, which is one of a few Unesco sites in Poland. It’s the only still operating drainage adit in Poland and one of the longest underground boat flows in Europe. We went 30 m underground and then had a 600-metre “cruise” in metal boats: When we emerged back to surface, we decided to stop by the Błędów Desert – yes, we do have a desert in the middle of the country The Błędów Desert is actually Central Europe's largest accumulation of loose sand in an area away from any sea, deposited thousands of years ago by a melting glacier. The aerial view: The next day we started from visiting the former capital city of Poland – Kraków: the home of the Wawel Dragon: Then we stopped at the Jurassic Mirów quarry: We were hoping for an abundance of ammos, however there were not so many as in the nearby Niegowonice and several of them partial and very flattened: They usually are very small: Nevertheless, we managed to find a few things: Plus a mystery fossil? The last stop was Młynka quarry – also Jurassic: The most interesting place however was a little ravine next to the entrance – with Callovian rocks: which turned out to be full of goodies: And the cherry on top – the crab That's it - thanks for reading, I hope you liked it
  24. Taxonomy according to Bieńkowska-Wasiluk et al. 2018. Bieńkowska-Wasiluk et al. 2018, p 75: “Small perch-like fishes, common in the Oligocene of the Outer Carpathians, have been traditionally assigned to the perciform species Serranus budensis (Heckel, 1856) (see Paucă, 1933; Jonet, 1958; Jerzmańska, 1968; Kotlarczyk et al., 2006). This species has also been reported in the Oligocene of the Caucasus and the Upper Rhine Graben (Danil’chenko, 1960; Pharisat, 1991; Micklich, 1998; Pharisat and Micklich, 1998; Prokofiev, 2009; Bannikov, 2010). Recently, Prokofiev (2009) selected S. budensis as the type species of his new genus Oligoserranoides. While, Bannikov (2010) placed S. budensis in his new genus Oliganodon. The species S. budensis was formerly assigned to the family Serranidae by Danil’chenko (1960) and Jerzmańska (1968). However, Micklich (1998) indicated that this assignment was incorrect because of the absence of three spines on the opercle of S. budensis, a diagnostic character of the Serranidae (Johnson, 1983). Prokofiev (2009) and Bannikov (2010) assigned S. budensis (referred in their papers to as Oligoserranoides budensis and Oliganodon budensis, respectively) to Percoidei incertae sedis due to the lack of diagnostic characters of any fossil or extant percoid family, and noting the morphological differences and similarities to some fossil and extant taxa.” Bieńkowska-Wasiluk et al. 2018, p. 78: "Diagnosis genus (emended). The genus is diagnosed by the following unique combination of characters: maximum body depth in standard length 21-40%; supramaxilla absent; palatine toothless; preopercle with serration; opercle with two spines; 7 branchiostegal rays, ceratohyal without a beryciform foramen; posttemporal with serrated posterior margin; 24 vertebrae (10 abdominal); three predorsals; predorsal formula 0/0/0+2/1+1/ or /0+0/0+2/1+1/; 8 pleural ribs; pectoral fins long, reaching anterior part of anal fin and with 14-17 rays; dorsal fin continuous with 9 to 10 spines and 9 to 11 soft rays; three spines and 8 to 9 soft rays in anal fin; caudal fin forked with 17 principal rays; three epurals; procurrent spur lacking; and ctenoid scales." Line drawing from Bieńkowska-Wasiluk et al., p. 80: Identified by oilshale using Bieńkowska-Wasiluk et al., 2018. References: Bannikov, A.F. (2010). Fossil vertebrates of Russia and adjacent countries. Fossil Acanthopterygians Fishes (Teleostei, Acanthopterygii). Moscow, GEOS, 243pp. Bieńkowska-Wasiluk, M., Pałdyna, M. (2018). Taxonomic revision of the Oligocene percoid fish Oligoserranoides budensis (Heckel, 1856), from the Paratethys and paleobiogeographic comments. Geologica Acta: an international earth science journal. 2018, 16(1), 75-92. https://doi.org/10.1344/GeologicaActa2018.16.1.5 Danil’chenko, P.G. (1960). Bony fishes of the Maikop Deposits of the Caucasus [in Russian]. Trudy Paleontologicheskogo Instituta, Akademii Nauk SSSR, 78, 1-208. Heckel, J. (1856). Beiträge zur Kenntniss der fossilen Fische Österreichs. Denkschriften der Akademie der Wissenschaften, Mathematisch-Naturwissenshaftliche Classe, 11, 187-274. Jerzmańska, A. (1968). Ichtyofaune des couches à ménilite (flysch des Karpathes). Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 13(3), 379-488. Johnson, G.D. (1983). Niphon spinosus: A primitive epinepheline serranid, with comments on the monophyly and intrarelationships of the Serranidae. Copeia, 3, 777-787. Jonet, S. (1958). Contributions a l’etude des schistes disodyliques oligocenes de Roumanie, La Faune ichthyologique de Homoraciu District de Prahova. Lisbonne, Sociedade Tipográfica, Lda, 112pp. Kotlarczyk, J., Jerzmańska, A., Świdnicka, E., Wiszniowska, T. (2006). A framework of ichthyofaunal ecostratigraphy of the Oligocene-Early Miocene strata of the Polish Outer Carpathian basin. Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae, 76(1), 1-111. Micklich, N. (1998). New information on the fishfauna of the Frauenweiler fossil site. Italian Journal of Zoology, 65(S1), 169-184. Paucă, M. (1933). Die fossile Fauna und Flora aus dem Oligozän von Suslăneşti-Muscel in Rumänien. Eine systematische und paläobiologische Studie. Anuarul Institutului Geological României, 16, 1-99. [for 1931]. Pharisat, A. (1991). La paléoichthyofaune du Rupélien marin de Froidefontaine (Territoire de Belfort). Annales Scientifiques de l’Université Franche-Comté Besançon, Géologie, 4(11), 13-97. Pharisat, A., Micklich, N. (1998). Oligocene fishes in the western Paratethys of the Rhine Valley Rift System. Italian Journal of Zoology, 65(Supplement S1), 163-168. Prokofiev, A.M. (2009). Systematics of Oligocene percoids classified as “Serranus budensis”, with the description of new taxa. Aktualny’e Problemy’ Sovremennoj Nauki, 2(46), 199-222.
  25. Mcmaker

    Jurrasic thing

    Hi, i've been organizing my fossils and stumbled upon something i can't name. Can you help me identify this? Oxfordian age, found near Cracow in limestone quarry.
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