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Showing results for tags 'serpukhovian'.
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The impact of the Serpukhovian extinction on Ctenacanthiform diversity
Joseph Fossil posted a topic in Questions & Answers
During the early part of the Serpukhovian stage of the Mississippian period, Carboniferous era around 330 Million years, a mass extinction occurred that wiped out between 13-39% of marine genera. Stanley, S. M. (2016, October 3). Estimates of the magnitudes of major marine mass extinctions in earth history. pnas.org. Retrieved December 30, 2022, from https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.1613094113 McGhee, G. R., Sheehan, P. M., Bottjer, D. J., & Droser, M. L. (2012, February 1). Ecological ranking of Phanerozoic biodiversity crises: The Serpukhovian (early Carboniferous) crisis had a greater ecological impact than the end-Ordovician. Geology. Retrieved December 30, 2022, from https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/gsa/geology/article-abstract/40/2/147/130800/Ecological-ranking-of-Phanerozoic-biodiversity?redirectedFrom=fulltext Its causes are still currently unknown and most marine genera groups recovered in the Pennsylvanian period. But I'm curious about the impacts this extinction event had on the diversity on Ctenacanthiformes and other Chondricthyian groups from the time and their subsequent recovery? What do you guys think? @Elasmohunter @Fossildude19 @deutscheben What do you think? -
Gordoniconus beargulchensis Mapes, Weller & Doguzhaeva 2010
oilshale posted a fossil in Coleoids (Belemnites, Squid)
Taxonomy according to Mapes et al., 2010. Identified by R. Mapes, Department of Geological Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, U.S.A. References: Mapes, R. H., Weller, E. A. & Doguzhaeva, L. A. (2010) in Cephalopods—Present and Past (eds Tanabe, K., Shigeta, Y., Sasaki, T. & Hirano, H.) 155‒170 (Tokai University Press, Kanagawa, 2010) Klug, C., Landman, N.H., Fuchs, D. et al. (2019) Anatomy and evolution of the first Coleoidea in the Carboniferous. Commun Biol 2, 280. https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-019-0523-2 Whalen, C.D., Landman, N.H. (2022) Fossil coleoid cephalopod from the Mississippian Bear Gulch Lagerstätte sheds light on early vampyropod evolution. Nat Commun 13, 1107. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-28333-5.-
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- bear gulch
- big snowy
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Taxonomy from Lund 2000. Diagnosis for the genus Discoserra from Lund 2000, p. 180: "Teeth of the premaxilla, maxilla and dentary long, thin, and styliform. Posterior end of maxilla does not extend back to level of anterior margin of orbit. Parietals excluded from contact in dorsal midline by postrostral 2, which contacts supraoccipital. No transverse supratemporal commissure in supraoccipital. Two rows of paired bones over orbit. One to three interopercular bones; two to three small postspiraculars and a presupracleithrum. Branchiostegals very variable in size, number and shape. Dorsal ridge scales with small, forwardly facing hooks; two to three small anal fin hooks. Origin of anterior edge of dorsal fin set well below dorsal margin of ridge scales. All fins with well spaced rays; pelvic fin reduced, caudal fin rounded." Line drawing from Lund 2000, p. 183: Identified by oilshale using Lund 2000. References: R. Lund (2000) The new Actinopterygian order Guildayichthyiformes from the Lower Carboniferous of Montana (USA). Geodiversitas 22(2):171-206
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- bear gulch
- big snowy group
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Taxonomy from fossilworks.org. Synonyms: Lingula mytiloides Meek and Worthen 1873 and Lingula umbonata White 1884. From Lutz-Garihan 1979, p. 458: "Shell small, ovate, very light colored, preserved mostly as external or internal molds of undetermined valves. Posterior margins smoothly rounding into lateral margins; greatest width at mid-length or slightly toward anterior. Convexity of valve greatest along antero-posterior line at mid-width, and at apex, convexity then decreases laterally so that cross-section is almost an upside-down V. Surface marked by closely spaced growth lines. Interior of valve not seen.” Identified by oilshale using Lutz-Garihan 1979. References: Shumard, B. F. and Swallow, G.C. (1858) Descriptions of new fossils from the Coal Measures of Missouri and Kansas. Academy of Science of St. Louis Transactions 1:198-227. Yancey, T. E. (1978) Brachiopods and mollusca of the Lower Permian Arcturus Group, Nevada and Utah, Part 1: brachiopods, scaphopods, rostroconchs, and bivalves. Bulletins of American Paleontology 74(303):257-367 Lutz-Garihan, A.B. (1979) Brachiopods from the Upper Mississippian Bear Gulch Limestone of Montana. Compte Rendu, Neuvième Congrès International de Stratigraphie et de Géologie du Carbonifère. Vol. 5: 457–467.
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- bear gulch
- carboniferous
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Together with Bryozoa and other Brachiopods. Taxonomy from Fossilworks.org, From Lutz-Garihan 1979, p. 463: “ Shell small; pedicle valve with moderately well-developed ears, convexity unknown because of deformation of shells, but umbo extends somewhat beyond hinge; greatest width at mid-length of valve; ornamentation of pedicle valve consists of rugae and growth lines, some rugae enlarged as nodes occasionally, and in some specimens, some costae develop at about half the distance from posterior but are somewhat irregular; relatively thick spines along hinge and irregularly across valve. Brachial valve gently concave, with ears: surface ornamentation has a wavy appearance because of sometimes irregular growth lines and rugae; some rugae interrupted by nodes; costae irregularly developed an some brachial valves; but not extending completely to posterior; spines probably absent, some brachial valves convex at center of hinge on exterior for a minute part of length, giving appearance of a node at this position. No interior structures seen.” Identified by oilshale using Lutz-Garihan 1979. References: Girty, G. (1911) THE FAUNA OF THE MOOREFIELD SHALE OF ARKANSAS. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY. BULLETIN 439. 1-145 Lutz-Garihan, A.B. (1979) Brachiopods from the Upper Mississippian Bear Gulch Limestone of Montana. Compte Rendu, Neuvième Congrès International de Stratigraphie et de Géologie du Carbonifère. Vol. 5: 457–467pp. Link: Browse Collections - College of Humanities and Sciences / UM Paleontology Center - University Of Montana (umt.edu)
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- bear gulch
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Taxonomy according to Mickle et al., 2009. The University of Montana, UM Paleontology Center website (Browse Collections - College of Humanities and Sciences / UM Paleontology Center - University Of Montana (umt.edu)) lists "Yogoniscus gulo" as an old taxon on some specimens (but not on all specimens) of Beagiascus pulcherrimus. Obviously, confusion has occurred. Diagnosis from Mickle et al., p. 639: “A lower actinopterygian fish defined by the following combination of characters: elongate fusiform body, narrow in cross section; premaxillae narrowly sutured in midline; nasal notched anteriorly and posteriorly; posterodorsal process of antorbital forms base of posterior nasal notch; frontal with a sinuous sagittal suture; crescent-shaped dermosphenotic; large dermopterotic with a wide posterior plate, laterally spurred, anteromedial process situated within a notch in the frontal; three large suborbitals situated within curve of preoperculum, small fourth suborbital overlapping large suborbital, suborbital between posteroventral infraorbital and maxilla; four infraorbitals – narrow infraorbital ventral to orbit, crescent-shaped posteroventral infraorbital, an intervening element, and T-shaped posterodorsal infraorbital, tapered anterior end of posterodorsal infraorbital comes in contact with tapered posterior end of nasal; mosaic of several small bones in curve of posterodorsal infraorbital for spiracular bone; long maxillary plate; two rows of pointed, posteriorly inclined teeth down length of maxilla; prominent posteroventral process of maxilla; anteriorly inclined hatchet shaped preoperculum; one row of 5 or 6 anteopercular bones along anterior margin of operculum – ventral-most anteopercular bone wider and longer than the others; rectangular, anteriorly inclined operculum with transverse ganoine ridges; rhombic suboperculum with vertical ganoine ridges; total of 14 or 15 branchiostegal rays – five above mandibular corner, 9 or 10 at and below mandibular corner, first branchiostegal twice as high as second; anterior and posterior extrascapular rows sharing median extrascapular (anterior row – three lateral bones, posterior-single bone bearing supratemporal commissure); unsutured postspiracular; one row of rhombic postcleithral scales; narrow ventrolateral flank scales; f ank scales finely pectinated; fan-like pectoral fin; triangular pelvic fin, triangular dorsal and anal fins with posterior edges tapering off gradually; heterocercal caudal fin deeply forked, accessory flap on epicaudal lobe; all fins bear long, stout, overlapping fringing fulcra on leading edges; precaudal ridge scales continuous between the anal and caudal, and dorsal and caudal fins. Meristic, morphometric, and cranial measurements are presented in Tables 9 to 12.” Line drawing from Mickle et al., 2009, p. 642: ID by oilshale using Mickle et al., 2009. Reference: Mickle, K. E., Lund, R. and Grogan. E. D. (2009): Three new palaeoniscoid fishes from the Bear Gulch limestone (Serpukhovian, Mississippian) of Montana (USA) and the relationships of lower actinopterygians. Geodiversitas 31(3):623-668. DOI: 10.5252/g2009n3a6
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- beagiascus
- bear gulch
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Taxonomy according to Schram and Horner, 1978, p. 394. Diagnosis (Schram and Horner, 1978, p. 394): "Rhinocarid of large size; carapace covered with hairlike ornament; furcae about 1 ½ times as long as the telson." Dithyrocaris rolfei, reconstruction from Schram and Horner, 1978, p. 395. Identified by oilshale using Schram and Horner, 1978. References: Schram, F. R. and Horner J. (1978): Crustacea of the Mississippian Bear Gulch Limestone of Central Montana. Journal of Paleontology 52(2):394-406. Factor D. F. and Feldmann R. M. (1985): Systematics and Paleoecology of Malacostracan Arthropods in the Bear Gulch Limestone (Namurian) of central Montana. Carnegie Museum of Natural History. 54, 319-356. Jenner, R. A., Hof, C. and Schram, F. R. (1998): Palaeo- and archaeostomatopods (Hoplocarida, Crustacea) from the Bear Gulch Limestone, Mississippian (Namurian), of central Montana. Contributions to Zoology 67 (3) 155-185.
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Echinochimaera snyderi belongs to the peculiar looking chimaeras (also called sea cats, ratfish or ghost sharks). Chimaeras possess two dorsal fins; the first dorsal fin is supported by a movable spine associated with a venom gland. Recent sea cats live in all oceans of the world, preferably at depths between 200 and 2000m. This juvenile specimen of Echinochimaera snyderi is most likely a female; adult males are slightly smaller and have a more curved dorsal spine. References: R. Lund. 1988. New Mississippian Holocephali (Chondrichthyes) and the evolution of the Holoceephali. In Teeth Revisited: Proceedings of the VII Int. Symp. on Dental Morph., Paris, May 1986, Russel, D.E., Santoro, J.P. and Sigogneau-Russel, D., Eds., Mem. Mus. Natn. Hist. Nat., Paris, (serie C) 53:195-205 R. Lund and E. Grogan. 2004. Five new euchondrocephalan Chondrichthyes from the Bear Gulch Limestone (Serpukhovian, Namurian E2b) of Montana, USA. In G. Arratia, M. Wilson, R. Cloutier (eds.), Recent Advances in the Origin and Early Radiation of Vertebrates 505-531
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- bear gulch
- carboniferous
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From the album: Vertebrates
Echinochimaera snyderi Lund, 1988 Lower Carboniferous Serpukhovian Bear Gulch Montana USA Lit.: Lund, R. 1988 - New Mississippian Holocephali (Chondrichthyes) and the evolution of the Holocephali. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle Serie C Sciences de la Terre, 53: 195-205. Lund, R. 1977 - Echinochimaera meltoni new genus and species (Chimaeriformes), from the Mississippian of Montana. Annals of Carnegie Museum, 46 (13): 195-221 -
From the album: Vertebrates
Fish non det. Early Carboniferous Serpukhovian Bear Gulch Montana USA-
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- bear gulch
- carboniferous
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From the album: Vertebrates
Discoserra pectinodon Lund, 2000 Early Carboniferous Serpukhovian Heath shale Bear Gulch Montana USA-
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- bear gulch
- carboniferous
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From the album: Vertebrates
Fish non det. Early Carboniferous Serpukhovian Heath shale Bear Gulch Montana-
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- bear gulch
- carboniferous
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Taxonomy from Lund 2000. Diagnosis for the genus Discoserra from Lund 2000, p. 180: "Teeth of the premaxilla, maxilla and dentary long, thin, and styliform. Posterior end of maxilla does not extend back to level of anterior margin of orbit. Parietals excluded from contact in dorsal midline by postrostral 2, which contacts supraoccipital. No transverse supratemporal commissure in supraoccipital. Two rows of paired bones over orbit. One to three interopercular bones; two to three small postspiraculars and a presupracleithrum. Branchiostegals very variable in size, number and shape. Dorsal ridge scales with small, forwardly facing hooks; two to three small anal fin hooks. Origin of anterior edge of dorsal fin set well below dorsal margin of ridge scales. All fins with well spaced rays; pelvic fin reduced, caudal fin rounded." Line drawing from Lund 2000, p. 183: Identified by oilshale using Lund 2000. References: R. Lund (2000) The new Actinopterygian order Guildayichthyiformes from the Lower Carboniferous of Montana (USA). Geodiversitas 22(2):171-206 DiscoserraKopf.JPG.575328005dfadc7703275f617dc52a46.jfif
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From the album: Invertebrates
? Productus moorefieldanus Girty Early Carboniferous Heath Shale Formation Bear Gulch Fergus County Montana USA -
From the album: Vertebrates
Caridosuctor populosum Lund & Lund, 1984 Heath Shale Formation Early Carboniferous Serpukhovian Bear Gulch Montana USA -
Taxonomy from Fossilworks.org.Can also be found in Mazon Creek. References: F. R. Schram (1979): Worms of the Mississippian Bear Gulch Limestone of central Montana, USA. Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History. Volume 19, No 9, pp 107-120
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From the album: Invertebrates
Reticycloceras sp. Early Carboniferous Serpukhovian Heath Shale Formation Bear Gulch Montana USA -
From the album: Vertebrates
Palaeoniscidae indet. "Bigeye" Early Carboniferous Serpukhovian Heath Shale Formation Bear Gulch Fergus County Montana USA -
Taxonomy from Fossilworks.org. Diagnosis from Factor & Feldman 1985 p.344: “Eumalacostracan, shrimp-like in overall appearance, with large, smooth carapace; rostrum long; 8 pairs of long, subequal, achelate thoracopods.” Line drawing from Factor & Feldman 1985, p 345. Bar represents 1 cm. Identified by oilshale. References: Schram, F. R. and Horner J. (1978): Crustacea of the Mississippian Bear Gulch Limestone of Central Montana. Journal of Paleontology 52(2):394-406. Factor D. F. and Feldmann R. M. (1985): Systematics and Paleoecology of Malacostracan Arthropods in the Bear Gulch Limestone (Namurian) of central Montana. Carnegie Museum of Natural History. 54, 319-356. Jenner, R. A., Hof, C. and Schram, F. R. (1998): Palaeo- and archaeostomatopods (Hoplocarida, Crustacea) from the Bear Gulch Limestone, Mississippian (Namurian), of central Montana. Contributions to Zoology 67 (3) 155-185.
