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"Point 25" - What´s behind the red x??
FranzBernhard posted a blog entry in Rudist digging at "Point 25", St. Bartholomä, Styria, Austria (Campanian, Gosau-group)
Now the sandstone slab behind the red x (last photo of the previous entry) has been removed. Can you spot it, just above the pocket knife? Photo taken 09/13/2018. Closer… Closest! There was a large rudist just behind the sandstone slab, lying in a depth of about 40 cm below the surface of the scree slope. Still in situ, only some roots and small stones removed for the photo. Pocket knife is 9 cm long, some tapering of the rudist is clearly visible. Such a nice surprise is very rare, normally the rudists are quite dirty there and you can only recognize a few rips or the typical conical or cylindrical outline. Rudist removed from the scree and photo taken of the uncleaned traverse fracture at the left end in the photo above. The apical view clearly shows two pillars (P1, P2) and a very thick shell, it´s a Hippurites nabresinensis. Photo taken 09/13/2018. Next entry: "Point 25" - Surprise at home! -
Introduction to "Point 25"
FranzBernhard posted a blog entry in Rudist digging at "Point 25", St. Bartholomä, Styria, Austria (Campanian, Gosau-group)
For some general information, including some maps, about the Campanian St. Bartholomä-formation in Styria, Austria see: http://www.thefossilforum.com/index.php?/topic/86433-rudist-hunting-in-st-bartholomä-styria-austria-13072018/ The rudist-bearing St. Bartholomä-formation covers an area of about 3km2. Within this area, there are a few sweet spots, where rudist can be found with some confidence: one of the creeks west of Kalchberg; a pile of rocks west of Kalchberg, collected during centuries from the nearby fields; a small, weathered outcrop along a narrow forest road, also west of Kalchberg; or simply an accumulation of fossiliferous limestone with some rudists in a steep forest east of Kalchberg. But the sweetest spots of all, supplying a continuous flow of rudists, is a scree slope in a small quarry east of Kalchberg - called "Point 25" in my own documentation. The scree slope is located below an outcrop of „Knödelbrekzie“, which is a grain-supported, coarse conglomerate to breccia, exclusive composed of fossiliferous limestone clasts with the occasional rudist, as can be seen in this photo, taken 07/16/2017. The rudist is the cracked, horizontal cylinder-like object in the middle of the photo: The next photo is a frontal view of a part of the quarry. It was operated about 100 years ago for hydraulic marl and is heavily overgrown, in other words, its very dark there and the photos are so-so (as usual). „K“ denotes the exposure of the „Knödelbrekzie“, which was shown in the photo above; below you can see beds of fine grained calcareous sandstone. The „U“ denotes the entry to the underground workings, the entry is largely filled with debris from above. Below the „U“ is the scree slope, consisting of clasts of fossiliferous limestone, sandstone and marl. At the bottom is the „deep hole“, scale bar is 1 m, the red x will appear again. Photo taken 09/13/2018. Lateral view of the quarry. Out of operation since 100 years? It doesn´t seem so. I visited this spot for the first time at 07/16/2017 and two rudists were found instantaneously in the scree (beside the one in the outcrop itself). In October 2017, I decided to examine the material of the scree slope systematically. I began with the nearly horizontal left side and progressed to the steeper right side. Fossiliferous limestone (center left) and marl, sandstone, soil, organic material etc. (at the left edge) were dumped separately. Part of the „deep hole“ is visible in the right corner (note the big sandstone slab in the lower right corner, this slab is also visible in the photo above). I collected and dug at this site from October 2017 until 09/13/2018 about 34 times, each time for about 2 hours. Photo taken 09/13/2018. The „deep hole“. At 09/13/2018, it was about 1.8 x 1.8 x 1.6 m large and something like a quarry in the quarry. Note the red x on the sandstone slab… Photo taken 09/13/2018, scale bar is 1 m. Next entry: "Point 25" - What´s behind the red x?? -
Second photo: About 50 individuals of the snail Vitta picta in different states of weathering, but most of them are still glossy and show their color patterns. The gloss is natural, no coating or something else applied, only washed. The color pattern is strongly variable between individuals. Note that also the outline is quite variable, which is typical for this species. Field of view is 40 mm, largest gastropod is about 6 mm high, so this snails are really small. This is a "multi-genus-species" and was/is assigned also to the following genera: Theodoxus, Agapilia, Clithon, Nerita, Neritina. According to Fossilworks, this species was an epifaunal omnivore-grazer and went extinct 12.7 million years ago. First photo is perhaps the largest and one of the best preserved gastropods of this lot in two views. Height is about 6 mm. It is not perfectly preserved; some parts of the outer shell layer, and hence the color pattern, is missing in the right view. Some parts of the shell along the aperture on the right side are also missing. Outline is quite typical, somewhere in the middle between nearly globular and somewhat cylindrical with a constriction in the middle. Exact locality is Höllerkogel-21 in my own documentation. This relatively large outcrop contains predominately the mud snail, Granulolabium bicinctum, and V. picta. Unfortunatelly, most of the shells are strongly weathered or even completely dissolved. Höllerkogel-21 is about 5 m stratigraphically higher then Höllerkogel-18 and located just upslope of Höllerkogel-18. The sediments in the area belong to the "Florianer Schichten", which are part of the western Styrian basin at the eastern margin of the Alps. The "Florianer Schichten" are about 15 Ma old (Langhian, or "Badenian" in Paratethys stratigraphic terms). x
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Stratigraphic fossil-rock column (partial) of Styria, Austria (Eastern Alps)
FranzBernhard posted a topic in Geology
Over the last few years, I have made some rectangular polished slabs of fossiliferous rocks from Styria, Austria (Eastern Alps). It occurred to me, that I could try to arrange them in a somewhat stratigraphic order, spanning nearly exactly 400 million years. Numbering is from lower left to upper right, but I think, at least some of the fossils within these rocks can be recognized . I have posted also a map with the approximate locations of these rocks. Palaeozoic of Graz: 1: Orthocerates in dolomite, uppermost Silurian, Kötschberg-formation 2: Crinoid limestone, lower Devonian, Parmasegg-formation 3: Rugose coral and others in limestone, Eifelium, middle Devonian, Plabutsch-formation 4: Tabulate coral Favosites styriacus, Eifelium, middle Devonian, Plabutsch-formation Northern Calcareous Alps: 5: Hallstatt limestone with small ammonoids, upper Triassic 6: Hallstat limestone consisting of monotid bivalve shells (lumachelle), upper Triassic 7: Dachstein coral limestone, Rhaetian, upper Triassic 8: Crinoid limestone (Hierlatzkalk), lower Jurassic Upper Cretaceous Gosau group sorrowfully missing! Neogene basins: 9: Lumachelle consisting of Congeria bivalve shells, Miocene 9: Montastrea? coral colony, Miocene Enjoy! Franz Bernhard
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Mysterious fossils from Campanian St. Bartholomä-formation, Styria, Austria
FranzBernhard posted a topic in Fossil ID
I have polished a few slabs today and stumbled over a group of mysterious, tiny fossils. They are in a rudist-bearing limestone clast, width of specimen is 85 mm, they are located a little bit from the center of the specimen toward the lower left corner. Age is Campanian. In the slab 3 mm away from this one, there is nothing to see of them. I am counting 5 large ones and possibly 3-4 small ones, arranged in 2 or 3 rows. They consist of a thick-walled bubble with a very conspicious plug projecting towards the center of the bubble. One of them has a very conspicous stem and maybe one of the small bubbles has also a stem. The largest bubble has an outer diameter of about 3 mm. Bubbles and the steem appear to be segmented, each segment seems to consist of a single calcite crystal, somewhat resembling echnoid sceletal material. The more often I look at them, the more I think they are tiny crinoids??... But I am probably totally wrong. I tried to make a higher resolution scan and a photo with my scrapy camera at highest resoulution, but without great success. Sorry, better photos are not available. Suggestions - despite the poor photos - are highly appreciated. Thanks! Franz Bernhard
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Rudist hunting (2) in St. Bartholomä, Styria, Austria - 09/09/2018
FranzBernhard posted a topic in Fossil Hunting Trips
Another rudist hunt in the Campanian of St. Bartholomä, Styria, Austria. For some general information about the area see: http://www.thefossilforum.com/index.php?/topic/86433-rudist-hunting-in-st-bartholomä-styria-austria-13072018/ This time, the largest creek wihin the St. Bartholomä-formation was visited, which is the north-south trending one. Last year, only one rudist was found there. This year - the same result. - Part of the creek from above, its about 5-10 m deep. - Creek. - Steep part of the creek with quite a lot of water and dead wood, but, hey, there is a rudist, just to the left of the red x! - Rudist as found, pocket knife is 9 cm long. To be continued...
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Hello, here I am again with a gastropod from the "Florianer Schichten" of the Styrian basin, Austria (Miocene - Langhian). Its from my hunting trip at "Höllerkogel-18", St. Josef, from 08/16/2018: http://www.thefossilforum.com/index.php?/topic/87561-fossil-hunting-at-höllerkogel-18-st-josef-styria-austria-miocene-langhian-ca-15-ma-08162018/ It seems to be a Roxania species, possibly close to R. utriculus (Brocchi, 1814) or R. lamarckii (Deshayes, 1863)? Hight of the gastro is ca. 12 mm. What do you think? Thanks for your oppinion! Franz Bernhard
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Coral (4) from the Campanian St. Bartholomä formation, Styria, Austria (Gosau group, Eastern Alps)
FranzBernhard posted a topic in Fossil ID
...and the fourth (and hopefully last for some time) coral question from the Campanian of St. Bartholomä, Styria, Austria. In this thread I present two different specimens, which I think belong to the same genus: Cycloria or Orbignygyra (according to the papers of Baron-Szabo, 2003, 2014). They are maeandroid, colonial corals. In this first post, two polished slabs of the same specimen are presented. They are about 2 mm apart. The corallites are not very well preserved, but in some spots, some detail is discernible. The "better", less recrystallized side is intergrown with the usual fossiliferous limestone (which contains another small coral colony...).
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Carrier shell Xenophora deshayesi. This gastropod was a shell collector, having one of his collected items still attached (an olive snail, Olivella clavula (Lamarck, 1810)). The locations of the other shells or shell fragments are still visible. The specimen was found in two pieces and then glued back together Shell collector? A friend found another one in this outcrop that collected only small quartz pebbles - obviously a mineral collector! Exact locality is Höllerkogel-18 in my own documentation. It is a tiny outcrop (about 1-2 square meters) in a densely wooded, very steep area southwest of St. Josef, Styria, Austria. This small outcrop, composed of a medium grained, quartz-rich, somewhat limonitic sand yielded, from November 2016 to May 2018, at least 80 species of gastropods and bivalves; it is far from exhausted. Most of the fossils are characterized by a partial limonitic staining and usually very good preservation. The species X. deshayesi is not common there, but fragments are not very rare either. The sediments in the area belong to the "Florianer Schichten", which are part of the western Styrian basin at the eastern margin of the Alps. The "Florianer Schichten" are about 15 Ma old (Langhian, or "Badenian" in Paratethys stratigraphic terms).
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Coral (2) from the Campanian St. Bartholomä formation, Styria, Austria (Gosau group, Eastern Alps)
FranzBernhard posted a topic in Fossil ID
Hello, here is the next (second) coral from the Campanian of St. Bartholomä, Styria, Austria. Not much was visible at the outside (I did not even notice it as coral colony!), but on sectioning, the specimen reveald its beauty. Unfortunately, he contrast is rather low. The two polished sections are about 35 mm apart, the first seems to be near the surface of the colony (with a Lithophaga?). The closest match I can find in Baron-Szabo (2014) is Barysmilia irregularis (Reuss, 1854). Three polished surfaces from this work are attached, scale bars are 5.5, 9.5 and 11 mm, respectively. They are all from the upper Santonian of Neffgraben, Gosau, Austria. Thank you very much for looking and for your help! Franz Bernhard
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Coral from the Campanian St. Bartholomä formation, Styria, Austria (Gosau group, Eastern Alps)
FranzBernhard posted a topic in Fossil ID
Hello, some of you may have noticed my rudist posts from the Gosau basin of Kainach - St. Bartholomä, Styria, Austria. Beside rudists, there are also other fossils, but they are much rarer. During my hunting trips in the Campanian St. Bartholomä formation, I have found ca. 300 rudist specimens (hippuritidae and radiolitidae), but only 12 coral colonies, including two imprints, and no individual coral. I would like to show you one of these coral colonies and would like to ask you for your opinion. I will start with the simplest one. In the literature, only one coral species is described and two others are mentioned (without description) from St. Bartholomä. No pictures are published of any of these three coral species. Here is the only existing description of a coral from this formation (Schmidt, 1908): „Ein halbkugeliger Knollen von 5 cm Durchmesser aus der oberen Hippuritenbank von Kalchberg. Auf einem Anschliff sieht man in der Mitte ein Feld, wo die Kelche senkrecht stehen, am Rand sind sie dem Schliff parallel. … Die Kelche haben einen Durchmesser von 1-1.2 mm. An den Septen sind zwei Zyklen zu je acht Stück vorhanden. Das Säulchen ist punktförmig. Sehr schön ist das Cönenchym, aus unregelmäßig angeordneten Kalzifikationszentren bestehen, ausgebildet." "Half-spherical colonie with 5 cm diameter. ... The corallites have a diameter of 1-1.2 mm. There are 2 septal cycles with 8 septa each. The columella is point-like." He identified this coral as : Astrocoenia orbignyana Milne Edwards & Haime, 1848 According to Baron-Szabo (2014), this is today: Actinastrea orbignyi (Milne Edwards & Haime, 1848) The first two pictures are this species, figured in Baron-Szabo (2014). First scale bar is 10 mm, second one 3 mm. Specimen is from Gosau-Rusbach, Austria. The third picture is my specimen from St. Bartholomä. Its very rough at the outside, but not so bad preserved inside. Sorry, I can not make a better picture. I think it comes close to the description and pictures of Actinastrea orbignyi. What do you think? Thank you very much for your opinion! Franz Bernhard Literature: Baron-Szabo, R. Ch. (2014): Scleractinian Corals from the Cretaceous of the Alps and Northern Dinarides with remarks on related taxa. Abhandlungen der Geologischen Bundesanstalt, 68, 1-296. Schmidt, W. (1908): Die Kreidebildungen der Kainach. Jahrbuch der k.k. geologischen Reichsanstalt, 58, 223-246.
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Rudist hunting in St. Bartholomä, Styria, Austria - 13/07/2018
FranzBernhard posted a topic in Fossil Hunting Trips
Heavy rains in Styria, Austria, have overturned many creek beds. So this is a good time for fossil hunting, e.g. for rudists in St. Bartholomä: View of the hunting area from Pleschkogel mountain (1063 m) toward St. Bartholomä with Kreuzegg and Kalchberg, distance about 8 km. Note the conspicuous church of St. Bartholomä, just below Kreuzegg. View is nearly southward, in the far background the Pohorje mountains in Slovenia. Photo taken 07/07/2018.
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Apical view of a polished cross section of the right (lower) valve of Hippurites nabresinensis from the St. Bartholomä-Formation of the Gosau basin of Kainach - St. Bartholomä in western Styria, Austria. This species has no L-pillar, the P1-pillar is at ca. 3:00, the P2-pillar at ca. 5:00. The hump at ca. 8:00 is a growth anomaly. At ca. 11:00 and 1:00, the position of both teeth sockets is visible (a hypothetical L-pillar would be between them, see the specimen of H. colliciatus), at ca. 2:00 the position of the posterior muscle. At the upper left, it is intergrown with the fragment of another individual of the same (?) species. For specimens like this, the name H. heritschi was also in use. The specimen is from a large mound of stones, which were removed from the fields during many, many decades. This mound located in the southwerstern part of Kalchberg, southwest of St. Bartholomä (Point 36 in my own documentation).
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Apical view of a polished cross section of a pseudocolonie of three indivuals of Hippurites colliciatus from the St. Bartholomä-Formation of the Gosau basin of Kainach - St. Bartholomä in western Styria, Austria. The pillars (L, P1, P2) are indicated, the L-Piller of this species is only a small hump. Left and right of L, the position of both teeth sockets is visible, left of P1 also the position of the posterior muscle. For specimens like this, the name H. exaratus was also in use. The specimen is from a small scree in a small, abandoned marl quarry, located in the eastern part of Kalchberg, southwest of St. Bartholomä (Point 25 in my own documentation).
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Volute snail Athleta rarispina on matrix. Note the very well preserved borings of an unknown organism. Exact locality is Höllerkogel-18 in my own documentation. It is a tiny outcrop (about 1-2 square meters) in a densely wooded, very steep area southwest of St. Josef, Styria, Austria. This small outcrop, composed of a medium grained, quartz-rich, somewhat limonitic sand yielded, from November 2016 to May 2018, at least 80 species of gastropods and bivalves and is far from exhausted. Most of the fossils are characterized by a partial limonitic staining and usually a very good preservation. The species A. rarispina is moderately abundant in this outcrop. The sediments in the area belong to the "Florianer Schichten", which are part of the western Styrian basin at the eastern margin of the Alps. The "Florianer Schichten" are about 15 Ma old (Langhian, or "Badenian" in Paratethys stratigraphic terms).
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Anadara diluvii with matrix. Width of the teeth area on the second photo is 15 mm. Exact locality is Fuggaberg-3, west of St. Josef, in my own documentation. The fauna of this outcrop is by far (> 80 %) dominated by the mud snail Granulolabium bicinctum (Brocchi, 1814), which is a typical inhabitant of intertidal mudflats. A. diluvii is a relatively abundant species in this occurrence and a rather robust shell. The sediments in the area belong to the "Florianer Schichten", which are part of the western Styrian basin at the eastern margin of the Alps. The "Florianer Schichten" are about 15 Ma old (Langhian, or "Badenian" in Paratethys stratigraphic terms). Ref: Messner, F. & Bernhard, F. (2017): Eine aktuelle Fossilfundstelle bei Fuggaberg westlich St. Josef in der Weststeiermark (Florianer Schichten, mittleres Miozän). Der Steirische Mineralog, 32, 5-10.
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Acanthocardia paucicostata with matrix. Note the prominent spines, which can develop into spoons in some specimens. Compare with a recent specimen from WoRMS: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=image&tid=138993&pic=65227 Exact locality is Fuggaberg-3, west of St. Josef, in my own documentation. The fauna of this outcrop is by far (> 80 %) dominated by the mud snail Granulolabium bicinctum (Brocchi, 1814), which is a typical inhabitant of intertidal mudflats. A. paucicostata is a relatively abundant species in this occurrence. The sediments in the area belong "Florianer Schichten", which are part of the western Styrian basin at the eastern margin of the Alps. The "Florianer Schichten" are about 15 Ma old (Langhian, or "Badenian" in Paratethys stratigraphic terms). Ref: Messner, F. & Bernhard, F. (2017): Eine aktuelle Fossilfundstelle bei Fuggaberg westlich St. Josef in der Weststeiermark (Florianer Schichten, mittleres Miozän). Der Steirische Mineralog, 32, 5-10.
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Two views of an olive snail Amalda glandiformis. Exact locality is Höllerkogel-18 in my own documentation. It is a tiny outcrop (about 1-2 square meters) in a densely wooded, very steep area southwest of St. Josef, Styria, Austria. This small outcrop, composed of a medium grained, quartz-rich, somewhat limonitic sand yielded, from November 2016 to May 2018, at least 80 species of gastropods and bivalves and is far from exhausted. Most of the fossils are characterized by a partial limonitic staining and usually a very good preservation. The species A. glandiformis is among the most abundant in this outcrop. The sediments in the area belong to the "Florianer Schichten", which are part of the western Styrian basin at the eastern margin of the Alps. The "Florianer Schichten" are about 15 Ma old (Langhian, or "Badenian" in Paratethys stratigraphic terms).
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Apical view of a polished cross section of the right (lower) valve of Vaccinites alpinus from the St. Bartholomä Formation of the Gosau basin of Kainach - St. Bartholomä in western Styria, Austria. Typical are the subparallel pillars, all situated in a small area of the rudist. The shell around the L-piller (left one) is missing in this specimen. For specimens like this, the name Hippurites/Vaccinites cornuvaccinum was in use. Study of specimens with preserved upper valve showed that V. cornuvaccinum is restricted to the Coniacian and V. alpinus to the upper Santonian and Campanian (Steuber & Schlüter, 2012). They can not be distinguished with the lower valve alone, but have different upper valves. Hence, identification is (also) based on stratigraphic information (Steuber, 2001: „This species [V. ultimus] was also figured by Kaumanns (1962) from Kainach (Styria) and erroneously assigned to various species of the group of V. cornuvaccinum.“). By the way, V. ultimus is a junior synonym of V. alpinus... (Steuber, 2003). The specimen is from a small scree in a small, abandoned marl quarry, located in the eastern part of Kalchberg, southwest of St. Bartholomä (Point 25 in my own documentation).
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Apical view of a polished cross section of the right (lower) valve of Vaccinites vesiculosus from the St. Bartholomä-Formation of the Gosau basin of Kainach - St. Bartholomä in western Styria, Austria. Typical are the slender L-pillar (at ca. 12:00), the round P1-pillar with a very slender stem (at ca. 2:00) and the spatula-shaped P2-piller, also with very slender steem (at ca. 3:00). For specimens like this, names like Hippurites styriacus und Hippurites carinthiacus were also in use. The specimen is from a small scree in a small, abandoned marl quarry, located in the eastern part of Kalchberg, southwest of St. Bartholomä (Point 25 in my own documentation).
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Hippurites from St. Bartholomä, Styria, Austria (Campanium)
FranzBernhard posted a topic in Fossil Hunting Trips
Hello, just to show off some of my finds of Hippurites from August to October 2017 in the Campanian St. Bartholomä-formation of the Gosau basin of Kainach - St. Bartholomä, Styria, Austria. Upper right: 5x Hippurites colliciatus Woodward, 1855 Lower left: 4x Hippurites nabresinensis Futterer, 1893 If you are interested in field photographs etc., see: https://franzbernhard.lima-city.de/SanktBartholomae_Fossilfunde_Hippuritidae_Teil_3.pdf https://franzbernhard.lima-city.de/SanktBartholomae_Fossilfunde_Hippuritidae_Teil_2.pdf (in german) Franz Bernhard
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Hello, again I would like to ask for your kind help. I have two sectioned fossils from the Campanian Gosau basin of Kainach, Styria, Austria (St. Bartholomä-Formation). They are accompanied by radiolitid rudists (R), but I don´t think that they are rudists by itself. Could these be some kind of sponges? But I can not see any spicules. Frist specimen is 13.5 cm high, sections are ca. 3 mm apart. Second specimen is 11.5 cm wide, sections are ca. 16 mm apart. There is nothing visible on the wheatered surface, except some Radiolitid fragments. I know this website: http://www.cretaceous.de/ But I have not found anything definitive about sponges of the Austrian Gosau formations. Maybe someone can give me a hint? Thank you very much for your help! Franz Bernhard Specimen 1 Specimen 2
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Hello, this time a very mysterious fossil from the Gosau basin of Kainach, Styria, Austria (Campanium). A piece of limestone full of tubes with diameter up to 7 mm. There seem to be a variation of longidutinal ribs on the outside of the tubes. They are associated with one (lowest left) or two Hippuritids. I think these are serpulid worms, maybe genus Pyrgopolon, maybe something near to P. voigti Jäger, 2004. P. regia and P. macropus don´t fit 100%. What do you think? Problem is, I can not find any reference about serpulids from the Austrian gosau basins - ? Thank you very much for your help! Franz Bernhard
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Hello! I am currently looking for the rudists of the Upper Cretaceous Gosau basin of Kainach, Styria, Austria, around St. Bartholomae. So far, I have found one determinable specimen. I think, it could be Vaccinites vesiculosus (Woodward 1855). From this area, beside other rudists, Hippurites styriacus Hilber 1902, Hippurites carinthiacus Redlich 1899 and Hippirutes oppeli santoniensis Kühn 1954 are described in the literature, which seem to be all synonyms of V. vesiculosus, according to various sources. The first photo shows the outer surface of the specimen, which is not very distinctive. Height of the specimen is 13 cm, maximum diameter about 7 cm. A saw cut is indicated by a green arrow. The second picture shows the two polished, cut surfaces of the "rock". The diamater of the large rudist is 7 cm, it seems to be intergrown with a Radiolites sp. and there is also a small Hippurites sp. nearby. The third picture is an enlargement of the V. vesiculosus in question. What do you think, could my determination as V. v. be correct? Thank you very much for your help! Franz Bernhard Picture 2
