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  • Stratigraphic Succession of Chesapecten

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Found 6 results

  1. Recently, two collectors who scuba dive for fossils throughout Florida and Georgia have recovered 5 chesapecten (including two paired valves) with morphological characteristics that signal a Miocene age. These characteristics include an acute byssal notch and a depressed byssal fasciole that is strongly differentiated from the shell’s auricle in terms of sculpture and elevation. The largest of the adult shells also displays an active ctenolium and one of the paired specimens displays significant gapes between valves when matched (the other pair was preserved as found by glue according to the collector and cannot be matched). Both of these aforementioned traits are also emblatic of Miocene age for Chesapecten. These shells were recovered from the following areas in Georgia and Florida: Savannah River, Effingham County, Georgia (Collector 1) Specimen 1 (W = 108.0 mm) R valve L valve R valve - close up of byssal notch and fasciole (most of fasciole has been degraded) R valve - close up of ornamentation L valve - close up of ornamentation Profile Close up of matrix, gray sand Savannah River, Effingham County, Georgia (Collector 1) Specimen 2 (W = 101.6 mm) R valve R valve - interior R valve - close up of byssal notch and fasciole L valve - note barnacles are modern species, not fossilized L valve - interior L valve - close up of ornamentation on auricle Side profile of pair, showing gapes Front profile of pair, showing gapes Cumberland Island, Camden County Georgia (Collector 2) Specimen 3 (W = 114.3 mm) R valve, note encrustation is recent not fossilized R valve interior, thick shell apparent Close up of byssal notch and fasciole Close up of ctenolium, although modern encrustation makes it difficult to see what is going on Close up of ornamentation St Mary’s River, Nassau County, Florida (Collector 2) Specimen 4 (W = 117.5 mm) R Valve R valve interior, active ctenolium and thick shell apparent Byssal notch and fasciole Close up of original sediment, note the olive and gray coloration Profile Suwanee River, Hamilton County, Florida (Collector 2) Specimen 5 (W = 69.9 mm) R valve, subadult specimen R valve interior, shell is thick for a subadult Of the Miocene strata from Coastal Georgia and NE Florida currently described in the literature, the Ebenezer Formation of Weems and Edwards (2001) of Upper Miocene Tortonian age appears to be the most suitable match for these chesapecten. The Ebenezer was originally defined by Huddleston (1988) as a member of the Coosawhatchie Formation (Middle Miocene). Weems and Edwards later elevated it to formational rank based on differences in lithological and dinoflagellate composition compared to the rest of the Coosawhatchie. The Ebenezer formation consists of gray to olive-gray, fine- to medium-grained micaceous sand and stretches from South Carolina to NE Florida. Five mappable members are apparent and separable by distinct unconformities. The lower four members correspond to dinoflagellate zone DN 8, while the uppermost member corresponds to DN 9. Revision of the Ebenezer to Formational Rank from Weems and Edwards (2001) According to the dinoflagellate zonation of de Verteuil and Norris (1996), DN 8-9 aligns with the Little Cove Point Member (DN 8) and the Windmill Point Member (DN 9) of the St Mary’s Formation of Maryland and Virginia. Alignment of the Ebenezer to St Mary's Formation of MD and VA from Weems, Self-Trail and Edwards (2004) Notably, no other Chesapecten in this age range outside of Maryland and Virginia has been reported in the literature. All specimens display similar characteristics which include an acute byssal notch, differentiated byssal fasciole, slightly inflated right valve, and a hinge size in adult specimens that is relatively small for adult chesapecten with the exception of Chesapecten covepointensis (DN 8 St Mary’s Formation) and in some cases Chesapecten santamaria (DN 9 St Mary’s Formation). However, it appears that these shells can be divided into two distinct variants although the preservation appears to be somewhat better outside the Savannah River region and may exaggerate these differences. Nevertheless, the Chesapecten collected outside of the Savannah River Region exhibit stronger, more raised ribs and have thicker, heavier shells compared to the specimens collected within the Savannah River region whose shells are thinner and ribs are lower and less pronounced. This is especially true of Specimen 1. It is possible that these variants originate from different members of the Ebenezer Formation. According to Weems and Edwards, “outside of the Savannah region, beds no older than dinoflagellate zone DN 9 occur”. This suggests that the shells collected outside of the Savannah River Region likely belong to Bed 5 of the Ebenezer Formation. Figure 3 of Weems and Edwards (2001) [shown below] suggests that someone scuba diving for fossils in the Savannah River is likely to collect in Bed 4. Therefore, it is possible that the Chesapecten specimens recovered from the Savannah River belong to Bed 4 of the Ebenezer Formation. This stratigraphic information aligns with the observed morphological differences among the specimens and tentatively supports the significance of these variations. Needless to say, more specimens are needed to confirm. Lateral Gradation of the Ebenezer from Georgia to Florida - Fig. 3 from Weems and Edwards (2001) Ward (1992) has remarked that the period between Chesapecten santamaria (DN 9) and Chesapecten middlesexensis (DN 10) represents a considerable loss of the fossil record in the stratigraphic succession of chesapecten. These Chesapecten, which bear a strong overall resemblance to Chesapecten middlesexensis while displaying traits of preceding species (smaller hinge, more differentiated byssal fasicole), could help bridge this apparent gap. Personal Remarks The equivalency of these shells to the St Mary’s Formation, not the Eastover formation is surprising to me given the strong resemblance to C. middlesexensis. If anyone knows of any findings correlating DN 8-9 to the Eastover, or of the Ebenezer to DN 10 please let me know. Also, if anyone has any additional samples of similar shells from similar sites, even in SC please let me know. Thank you! References de Verteuil, L., and Norris, G., 1996, Miocene dinoflagellate stratigraphy and systematics of Maryland and Virginia: Micropaleontology, vol. 42 (Supplement), 172 p. Huddlestun, P.F., 1988, A revision of the lithostratigraphic units of the coastal plain of Georgia; the Miocene through the Holocene: Georgia Geologic Survey Bulletin, no. 104, 162 p. Ward, L.W, 1992, Molluscan biostratigraphy of the Miocene, Middle Atlantic Coastal Plain of North America, VMNH Memoirs, no 2, 152p. Weems, R.E, Edwards, L.E., 2001, Geology of Oligocene, Miocene, and younger deposits in the Coastal Area of Georgia: U.S. Geological Survey, no 131, 129 p. Weems, R.E, Self-Trail J., Edwards, L.E., 2004, Supergroup stratigraphy of the Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plains (Middle? Jurassic through Holocene, eastern North America): Southeastern Geology, volume 42, p 191-216
  2. DPS Ammonite

    Palmoxylon

    This is a piece of late Miocene palm “wood” from Orinda, California. Not a true wood; it is part of the Palmoxylon form genus. Palm wood can rarely be attributed to a palm species identified by foliage or fruit such as Sabal. It was found in a landslide area on top of sedimentary interbeds of the Moraga Formation and the younger lacustrine Siesta Formation sediments. Volcanic rocks and possible spring deposits are nearby. Fossilized palm roots, reeds and petrified wood occur in the area. This piece and others found in the area represent the youngest palm fossils found in Northern California. Cretaceous and Eocene palm fossils are found in Northern California and to the north in Oregon and Alaska. Drying and cooling conditions in the Miocene pushed palms further south where they are found in the Dove Spring Formation near Rosemond, the Barstow Formation near Calico and the Bopesta Formation in the Tehachapi Mountains. The silicified layered coatings on the wood may be spring deposits or stromatolites. Possible hot spring deposits are nearby. This 120 mm long piece looks ordinary until you see a few spectacularly preserved 1 mm fibrovascular bundles with cells and vascular structures visible through a microscope. Photo 1: sharpened photo of 1 mm fibrovascular bundle. Photo 2: labeled fibrovascular bundle; photo not sharpened. 1: vascular tissue. 2: a bundle cap with sclerenchyma cells. 3: sclerenchyma cells. 4: manmade fiber. 5: fibrous bundle. 6: fibrovascular bundle. 7: space for phloem (not preserved) that transport food. 8: xylem vessels that transport water. 9: parenchyma cells groundmass. Photo 3: fibrovascular bundle; photo not sharpened. Photo 4: detail of area 1 in photo 5. Arrow points to best fibrovascular bundle in photos 1-3. Photo 5: side with best fibrovascular bundles. Area 1 detailed in photo 4. Area 2 is a silicified possible spring deposit or stromatolite. Photo 6: other side of photo 5. Area 1 is area of dark fibrovascular bundles. Area 2 is the silicified deposits. Photo 7: 3/4 view showing thickness and white silica coating. Photo 8: exterior with arrows pointing to elongated fibers typical of Palmoxylon. References Good labeled palm fibrovascular bundles in: Steur, Hans. FOSSIELE PLANTEN webpage: https://steurh.home.xs4all.nl/engpalm/epalm08.html Viney, M. (2008). The Virtual Petrified Wood Museum, http://petrifiedwoodmuseum.org Palmoxlylon localities: Ture, Joseph A. (Date?). Fossil Palms in Principes, Vol. 11, International Palm Society, p 54. https://palms.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/v11n2p54-71.pdf Good paper on Northern California Pliocene and now Miocene floras. No mention of palmoxylon in the San Francisco Bay/ Northern California area. Dorf, Erling and Irma E. Webber "Studies of the Pliocene Palaeobotany of California"Contributions to Palaeontology. Carnegie Institution of Washington Publication No. 412 (1933) https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.271485/page/n1/mode/2up
  3. oilshale

    Quercus cerris Linné, 1753 foss.

    The fossil deposit of the Montâgne d'Andance, a freshwater maar, is located about 10 km southeast from Privas (Ardèche, France). It is an approximately 50 m thick layer of diatomaceous earth, which is now obtained by the company C.E.C.A. Diatomite in large-scale mining as a filtering agent. Literature: GERARD DEMARCQ, PIERRE MEIN, ROLAND BALLESIO et JEAN-PAUL ROMAGGI 1989. The locality of Andance (Coiron, Ardeche, France) in the Upper Miocene of Rhone valley : tentative marine/non marine correlations. Bull. Soc. geol. France, 1989, (8), t. V, no 4, pp. 797-806. M. L'abbé Boulay (1887) Notice Sur La Flore Tertiaire Des Environs De Privas (Ardèche), Bulletin de la Société Botanique de France, 34:6, 255-279, DOI: 10.1080/00378941.1887.10830251 Hans Steur 1989. De fossiele flora en fauna van St.Bauzile. Grondboor en Hamer, jrg. 43, no. 1, p. 11-15, 9 fig., februari 1989 Tanrattana M., Boura A., Jacques F. M. B., Villier L., Fournier F., Enguehard A., Cardonnet S., Voland G., Garcia A., Chaouch S. & De Franceschi D. 2020. — Climatic evolution in Western Europe during the Cenozoic: insights from historical collections using leaf physiognomy. Geodiversitas 42 (11): 151-174.
  4. oilshale

    Quercus sessiliflora Salisbury, 1796

    The fossil deposit of the Montâgne d'Andance, a freshwater maar, is located about 10 km southeast from Privas (Ardèche, France). It is an approximately 50 m thick layer of diatomaceous earth, which is now obtained by the company C.E.C.A. Diatomite in large-scale mining as a filtering agent. Literature: GERARD DEMARCQ, PIERRE MEIN, ROLAND BALLESIO et JEAN-PAUL ROMAGGI 1989. The locality of Andance (Coiron, Ardeche, France) in the Upper Miocene of Rhone valley : tentative marine/non marine correlations. Bull. Soc. geol. France, 1989, (8), t. V, no 4, pp. 797-806. M. L'abbé Boulay (1887) Notice Sur La Flore Tertiaire Des Environs De Privas (Ardèche), Bulletin de la Société Botanique de France, 34:6, 255-279, DOI: 10.1080/00378941.1887.10830251 Hans Steur 1989. De fossiele flora en fauna van St.Bauzile. Grondboor en Hamer, jrg. 43, no. 1, p. 11-15, 9 fig., februari 1989 Tanrattana M., Boura A., Jacques F. M. B., Villier L., Fournier F., Enguehard A., Cardonnet S., Voland G., Garcia A., Chaouch S. & De Franceschi D. 2020. — Climatic evolution in Western Europe during the Cenozoic: insights from historical collections using leaf physiognomy. Geodiversitas 42 (11): 151-174.
  5. ricardo

    Shark tooth ID

    Dear TFF Friends, A shark´s small tooth from Tortonian. Can you help with an Id please? Could be Carcharhinus priscus Agassiz 1843 ? Kind regards, Ricardo
  6. ricardo

    Clypeaster sp

    From the album: Echinodermata

    Clypeaster sp. with Balanus sp., Tortonian, Cessaniti, Italy. 120 mm. Traded with Michele. Thanks!
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