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  1. ThePhysicist

    Pectinodon bakkeri

    From the album: Hell Creek / Lance Formations

    This rare theropod tooth was found via screen washing matrix from a channel deposit. It's large for the species and from the front of the jaw. All of the denticles are intact - a spectacular specimen. Pectinodon (meaning "comb-tooth") is a tooth taxon, since no remains attributable to the genus beyond teeth have been found. Pectinodon seems to be a rare member of the Hell Creek fauna, with their teeth being fairly uncommon (though being so small, I'd guess that few people actively search for them). It was a small Troodontid theropod, with teeth that couldn't handle stresses as well as their Dromaeosaurid and Tyrannosaurid cousins (Torices et al. (2018)). This coupled with their small size suggest that Pectinodon was a small/soft prey specialist, preferring the rodent-sized mammals of the time, lizards, insects, etc. Some researchers have proposed omnivory as a possibility for Troodontids (cf. Holtz et al. (1998)). Troodontids famously are regarded as among the most intelligent dinosaurs for their large brain size / body size ratio. This notion serves as fodder for speculation that had the dinosaurs not gone extinct, Troodontids (Pectinodon being (one of?) the last) would have continued to grow in intelligence and develop sentience and civilizations. Troodontid teeth like Pectinodon can be easily identified by their small size, exaggerated, triangular, apically oriented posterior serrations.
  2. Hello beloved community. Anybody able to weigh in on this specimen's ID. It was labelled as "Dromaeosaur or Troodon Humerus, Hell Creek, Harding County, South Dakota. 1 and a half inches" My hope is that the ID is correct, and the humerus belongs to a baby. My fear is that it's 'just' a Hell Creek turtle humerus. All insight deeply appreciated!
  3. Don't know if this is the right forum for it, but I noticed our valued member @Troodon has been missing from this forum for the past 3 weeks. Just wanted to check if he's okay.
  4. ThePhysicist

    Paravians of Hell Creek

    From the album: Hell Creek / Lance Formations

    Even in the final years of the non-avian dinosaurs, the paravians remained diverse, with many species represented in the famed Hell Creek formation.
  5. Over the past few months I have seriously been doubting the validity of Troodon. For the majority of the time I’ve known about Troodon I thought it was valid, however I’ve started to doubt its validity. The main reason is that it’s only described from one tooth. I thought I’d bring this question here because there’s a lot more people here that know more about paleontology and taxonomy than me. Thanks for any help!
  6. Fullux

    Troodontid?

    Kind of interested in this fossil, says it's a troodon tooth, wanted a second opinion. It's from the hell creek formation.
  7. tortienutmeg

    what species is this?

    This is the only good photo i could get of this tooth as its so small. I know the tip is missing,but any ideas? hellcreek wibaux county.
  8. Dino Dad 81

    The Lightning Bolt Tooth

    Happy Sunday! I got this tooth a while back and figured I'd follow up my recent Troodon premax tooth ID post with it. It's 6mm long and is from the Judith River formation in Hill county, Montana. I ran it by @Troodon back when I was considering buying it and he thought it was a patho Troodon premax, but that was before I had good pictures of it. Please let me know if these also support that identification. Thank you!
  9. Dino Dad 81

    Troodon premax?

    Hope everyone is having a nice weekend. I'm thinking this 6mm tooth (perhaps 7mm, if not for wear) from the Hell Creek formation of Garfield co, Montana is a Troodon premax. What do you think?
  10. ThePhysicist

    Pectinodon tooth

    From the album: Hell Creek / Lance Formations

    Pectinodon (meaning "comb-tooth") is a tooth taxon, since no remains attributable to the genus beyond teeth have been found. Pectinodon seems to be a rare member of the Hell Creek fauna, with their teeth being fairly uncommon (though being so small, I'd guess that few people actively search for them). It was a small Troodontid theropod, with teeth that couldn't handle stresses as well as their Dromaeosaurid and Tyrannosaurid cousins (Torices et al. (2018)). This coupled with their small size suggest that Pectinodon was a small/soft prey specialist, preferring the rodent-sized mammals of the time, lizards, insects, etc. Some researchers have proposed omnivory as a possibility for Troodontids (cf. Holtz et al. (1998)). Troodontids famously are regarded as among the most intelligent dinosaurs for their large brain size / body size ratio. This notion serves as fodder for speculation that had the dinosaurs not gone extinct, Troodontids (Pectinodon being (one of?) the last) would have continued to grow in intelligence and develop sentience and civilizations. Troodontid teeth like Pectinodon can be easily identified by their small size, exaggerated, triangular, apically oriented posterior serrations.
  11. Dino Dad 81

    Saurornithelestes, Troodon?

    Hello and thank you for checking this out. I got this tooth a while back. It comes from the Judith River Formation and is about 8mm apical length. The serrations seem large to the tune of Troodon, but they're too worn to be certain that they point apically throughout the posterior carina. (It was sold as Pectinodon, but I'm not seeing that.) What do you think it is? Thanks!
  12. TyrannosaurusRex

    Joseph Leidy and His Discoveries

    Another day, another art project for school I’m working on. This time it’s supposed to be inspired by google doodles, so I chose to do the 19th century paleontologist Joseph Leidy. He’s lesser known than his student, Cope, but his finds contributed hugely to North American paleontology. My first concept was to simply have him standing with a Troodon to the left, but that was quickly scrapped. I then went with some light thumbnail sketches, and found one I liked before starting to do an inked version of it. This ended up being the more finalized thumbnail sketch of the piece. He is seen brushing away the dirt on a Troodon bone, with a Troodon watching, and a herd of Edmontosaurus watching the oncoming rain clouds in the far background. I then cut a piece of matboard to size to fit the assignment and started drawing the composition. I’m using an opaque watercolor for this piece. A quick photo to check value issues. The Edmontosaurus in the foreground is simply blocked in here, I have not started actual work on it, which it why it remains so dark and blocky. Pretty quickly I could see the mountains were much too dark, and the rain is much too light. The grass in the foreground is much too light as well. I had 20 minutes to fix things before class ended, so I went with repainting the sky, as well as the mountains. I’ll have to touch this up. I’ll also have to repaint the Edmontosaurus in the background. size on this piece is I think 12 x 30”. I am also doing another Troodon in ceramic clay, which will be fired at a later date in a kiln. Pretty sure my classmates are confused why I’m doing dinosaurs in a pottery class.
  13. Mioplosus_Lover24

    Troodon Tooth?

    I found this tooth in my Aguja matrix and the serrations are way larger than any of the other teeth I've found! I can take more pictures but this tooth is so tiny and I'm unsure of it's exact measurements.
  14. PaleoNoel

    Pectinodon tooth

    From the album: Lance fm. Microsite Finds

    Another shot of the Pectinodon tooth featured earlier in this album, this specimen was found by my dad and is one of two Troodontid teeth in my collection.
  15. Found lots of teeth today, here’s some I need a little help with as I’ve never found these before. I think one is a troodontid, one is maybe dromaeosaur, and the other I have no idea. (Apologies for the quality, my phone isn’t good macro photography) Dinosaur Park Fm
  16. Hello folks. I'm a fairly new collector, but have done a lot of homework over the few months while I've been getting started with this hobby. The one specimen that I really want in my collection is a Troodon tooth. I just love the way they look. I'm pretty comfortable with where I usually get my teeth, and have a lot of confidence, but I haven't come across a Troodon. I found a seller that had this labeled as Troodon, but had some super blurry photos. I was very skeptical, because the serrations did not look right to me, even from the seller photos. The seller told me that if I get confirmation it is not Troodon, they will gladly give me my money back if I return the tooth. That made me purchase it, just in case I was missing something. So, I got the tooth, and from the naked eye it's impossible to see. I don't have any great camera gear or a super macro lens or anything, so this is the best I was able to get. From looking close up, I'm still incredibly confident that it's not a Troodon, but maybe someone here can prove me wrong (like @Troodon, perhaps)? My gut is telling me it's some sort of dromaeosaurid, what do you all think? The only info the seller provided was 0.32" and Judith River Formation/Northern Montana. Is it just super worn? Every Troodon tooth I've seen photos of has serrations on both sides. If these photos aren't good enough, I'll try to take some better ones. There's a lot of shadow and I can't get super close. These were (surprisingly) taken with an iPad, which gave me the best picture of any camera I had. Nothing next to them for scale, which I can add if needed. But like I said, the seller said 0.32" and that's about right from how tiny it is. Basically I'm trying to figure out if I should get my money back or not. Even if it's not a Troodon, if it's something of similar value (I know, value is in the eye of the person paying for it), then I'll probably just keep it anyway to add to my collection. Thanks for the help.
  17. I have yet to see a conclusive list of EVERY dinosaur known from the Hell Creek Formation, I am curious if anyone has one or knows all the dinosaurs, thank you!
  18. FF7_Yuffie

    A selection of Hell Creek teeth

    Hello, now, apologies for the photos. They're the best the seller can get, I'm afraid. But hopefully they are ok to get some sort of ID/confirmation. He has a selection of Hell Creek teeth. They are all very small--ranging from below 1cm to just above 1cm in length. 1 - Troodontid -- not the clearest image, but they seem to have distinctive denticles which are common in troodontid teeth? I don't think Troodon is from Hell Creek, but I see online it says Troodontid teeth have been found there. Seller has a more precise location of Harding County, South Dakota for these. 2 - Sold as possible Richardoestia -- Again, not the best of pictures. But hopefully it's enough to get an idea. To me, these look like they're more than likely a reptile tooth? 3 - Unknown, possibly a raptor? Again, not the best image, but hopefully it's enough. Many thanks--and sorry for the poor pics. Even if exact species can't be confirmed, any ideas or possibilities would be, as always, much appreciated
  19. BonuFrailman

    Troodon or Pectinodon tooth?

    Good afternoon, I found this tooth on a fossil website for a great price and had to get it! Now the part I’m struggling with is wondering whether or not it’s a troodon specimen or pectinodon specimen. The pictures are kind of dark so I can’t really see any mesial serrations. Basic info: The tooth comes from the Hell Creek FM and is 0.12” long. What do you guys think? I’m leaning towards pectinodon.
  20. The Basic Dinosaur Egg Guide Many people often mistake a concretion for an egg, to help clarify what is a concretion, and what is a real egg, here is a guide. A quick overview with examples: How to spot a concretion: How are they different from eggs? A concretion is a rather common rock made of tightly compressed minerals. Typically, concretions are a smooth sphere or oval with little to no surface texture or just a few bumps. Often nearly a perfect sphere, sometimes more of an oval. In a concretion, there is no eggshell. If you cannot see eggshell then you do not have an egg. If it looks the same shape as modern egg, such as from chicken then you do not have an egg. Concretions may have fragments breaking off and these will tend to be smooth on both sides. They tend to be dull earthy colors with a different composition in the center, as seen by a change in color. A different color in the center normally means you do not have an egg. Often circular bandings can be seen around exterior of concretions. Sizes of concretions range from just an inch, or a few millimeters, up to more than 10 ft (3 m). Egg sizes, along one side, range from just an inch or a few millimeters and top out at around 8 in (20 cm). If you find an oval or round shape, which is larger than 8 in (20 cm) along a side then it is probably not an egg. For more information on concretions: https://www.priweb.org/index.php/education/education-projects-programs/earth-101/concretions http://tumblehomelearning.com/geologists-find-largest-dinosaur-eggs-in-the-world-another-fraudulent-fossil/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concretion In video form: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B5IoyLEwkMY Example of concretions, these three were incorrectly given an ID as “dinosaur eggs” however they are clearly not: From Tumblehome Learning, link above Pseudofossils: There are some pseudofossils, which can have a similar appearance to an actual egg, right down to seeming like there are bits of eggshell. This pseudofossil does look similar to an egg and even seems to have eggshell, however it is not an egg and is actually geologic. The surface ranges too much in texture and composition. Pic from Montana State University, taken by P. Germano Trace fossils: Many times, an actual trace fossil can be mistaken for an egg, common examples of this are pupa cases and cocoons. As one can see below, they do tend to have an egg-like shape and are yet another perfect example of why shape alone should not be used when trying to identify eggs. The three below are important trace fossils, just not eggs. Pic by Tony Martin, Ph.D. How to spot a real egg: The best and only true sign you have an actual egg is eggshell actually being present. Eggs come in many shapes from a semi-rounded, elongated oval to a perfect sphere and many others. Shape is not a good indicator of an egg. It is useful but only when combined with other details. Eggshell often has surface ornamentation that gives it a unique texture which can be seen by the naked eye or with a hand lens. There are many such ornamentations and they are used to help distinguish one egg type from another. On the surface look for little bumps, ridges with valleys, river channels, and similar textures. Individual fragments of eggshell are rather common in some geologic formations so be on the lookout for a larger grouping of eggshell. From University of California Museum of Paleontology Also read: http://www.thefossilforum.com/index.php?/topic/59654-dinosaur-eggs-lowell-carhart-guide/ Examples of real eggshell: Example of eggshell fragments: An eggshell fragment from Maiasaura, which is the oogenus Spheroolithus oosp. Pic by W. Freimuth. Examples of real eggs: A clutch of Troodon formosus eggs, which are the oospecies Prismatoolithus levis. Pic from Museum of the Rockies Do I have embryos inside this egg? Most likely no. Embryonic remains are extremely rare within eggs, and you add that with the rarity of eggs to start and it is a remote possibility. No fossilized yolks have been found and since they are soft tissue, it is near impossible for any to fossilize. I still think this is an egg! If you still think you have an actual egg, then please start a thread. Take close detailed pictures with something for scale such as a ruler and provide all the information you can about it--like where it was found. Good pictures will help greatly with a proper and correct ID. Below is an example of how to best photograph an egg or eggshell. There is clear lighting, a background which is clearly different than the eggshell in question and a scale bar. Lights can be as simple as a desk lamp; a scale bar can just be a ruler and the background can be very simple, in the example just a paper towel. Megaloolithus egg. Pic from Montana State University, taken by P. Germano If you would like to learn much more on eggs, here is the advanced egg guide which goes in depth. Also, see the advanced guide for sources. Eric P.
  21. Sorry, but Troodon formosus is a valid taxon! check it; OK, I feel like I have to clear this up. This isn't meant to be trolling only posting some of the answers Jack Horner gave me on twitter answering my question. I am not trying to offend anyone. This is simply teasing and supposed to be fun in games.
  22. DINOMAN91

    Dinosaur Egg Shell

    These egg shells were found at a site in Montana with some troodon teeth are these possibly troodon egg shells? There around 1mm thick with a smooth surface
  23. Dino1

    Troodon tooth?

    Hey guys, I think these may be troodon tooth, but I’m not really sure can you guys help my identify this tooth?(the one on the right)
  24. Rexofspades

    Fossil ID Rex or Nano

    Hello everyone, On this edition of Rex or nano, we have this nice little mailbox score I got earlier this year. The seller and I are reasonably certain that it is a young adult rex. But I wanted to bring it to you folks to get your assessment. It matches the locality of Rex ( hell creek, from a microsite in Carter county) and based on my research from the forum and elsewhere it checks out as tyrannosaurid. (Ie: robustness and seemingly no pinch) Bonus question: I'm also curious on the placement of the tooth in the animals jaw. I have reason to believe it may be a right maxillary tooth.
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