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  1. Sebassie

    Big fish vert

    Found this relatively big fish vert at the Zandmotor beach near The Hague, the Netherlands. Usual finds are from the Pleistocene, but fish fossils may be older. Would anyone know what species this vert is from?
  2. johnnyvaldez7.jv

    SE Texas - Small vertebra

    I found this small vertebra the other day on a river gravel bank. It's different from others I've found... the spinal canal has a small opening compared to the body... but I really was wondering about the lines that go outward from the body on the transverse process. I haven't seen that on any of my other vertebrae finds. I wondered if it's unique to a specific mammal? This bone is solid and completely mineralized. It measures 2.25 inches across the front x 2.25 inches front to back with what's left. 1.5 inches top to bottom.
  3. I purchased this vertebra, at a Gem & Mineral Show. The dealer said he found it himself, but provided no paperwork with it. He either said he found it in Sulphur Springs, TX; or at the Sulphur River, in Texas. I can't remember which, for sure? He had this Vertebra; and a few others from the same site, which all had the same coloration. He had them priced separately, so i chose one that pleased my eye. The largest he had, were about twice as large as this one.
  4. Opabinia Blues

    Kem Kem Bone Grab Bag

    Every year at the Denver fossil show it seems like I pick up some unidentified Kem Kem material. This is because for one it’s cheap, but also because it’s kinda fun to investigate this material. Here are eight pieces I picked up as a bulk set. I have some idea about identification on each of these but would love to hear other’s input. In the following pictures I have the top row being archosaur fossils and the bottom row being fish fossils. My guesses: 1. Caudal(?) vertebra centrum. Croc or theropod, but probably croc. 2. Croc dorsal vertebra 3. Croc centrum 4. Theropod pedal phalanx. Specifically, the distal-most phalanx of toe 1 (the “dew claw”). Narrowest ID I think I could guess we would be Ceratosauria indet., should probably be labeled as Theropoda indet. 5. Two fused fish vertebrae. Are these identifiable any more than this? 6. Gar or gar-like vertebra 7. Chondrichthyan fish vertebra. Maybe Onchoptistis numida? Can that determination even be made? 8. A gigantic ganoid scale. Any guesses just based on size? I’m unfamiliar with all the monster fish in this rock unit. Thanks :)
  5. Found a tooth at Ramanessin that I can't ID, and a partial vert. Guessing the tooth is mammal of some sort but can't seem to find a match online or from locals more familiar with the rarer teeth from Ramanessin. Definitely not modern. Any guesses?
  6. Rock Hound

    A Mammal Tooth and Vertebra

    I purchased these in person. The tooth was represented as being a Bison Tooth, found in the Kansas River. The vertebra was represented as being a Whale Vertebra, and i forgot to ask for the location? I thought that at the very least, it was some type of Cetacean Vertebra?
  7. Hello dear fellow forum members. I acquired an interesting fossil supposed to be an Intercentrum attributed to Dimetrodon. Sellers Info:Lower Permian, Wellington Fm. , Waurika, Oklahoma A forum member informed me that at least in adult Pelycosaurs there should not be a separate Intercentrum. So I am open to your Suggestions- Is it someone elses Intercentrum, is it something completely different? I hope that the structure of the fossil will lead to some ID. Fotos from the seller, because I cannot take better ones at the moment. Sorry for the absence of an exact scale, but you get a general impression of the size. Best Regards, J
  8. LordTrilobite

    Kem Kem Vertebrae ID Thread

    So, lets figure out vertebrae from the Kem Kem beds. As many of you know the Kem Kem beds has a pretty enigmatic palaeo fauna. There is some literature about it, but not a whole lot. Some of it is behind a paywall and much information is pretty scattered. So I got this idea that maybe we could combine our knowledge and information to collectively get a better picture of which bone belongs to which animal, in this case, vertebrae. I know some of you have some fantastic specimens in your collections, if we combine these in this thread we might be able to see some patterns. We probably won't be able to put a genus or species name on each type, but perhaps assigning certain vertebrae to a morphotype might be possible. With that I encourage everyone that has any vertebrae from the Kem Kem beds to share photos of their specimens and post them here so we can use this thread as a sort of library as well as an ID thread that everyone can use to better ID their Kem Kem vertebrae. So please, share your photos! And it might help to number your specimens for easier reference. I will be updating this first post as new information arises with examples to make ID easier. Theropods Spinosaurids Spinosaurus aegyptiacus Spinosaurus is known for it's tall neural spines, which are pretty characteristic. Unlike Sigilmassasaurus, Spinosaurus does not have the ventral triangular rough plateau on the centra Spinosaurus mid cervical vertebra Spinosaurus dorsal, sacral and caudal vertebrae Caudal vertebrae Nearly complete tail from the neotype specimen of Spinosaurus aegyptiacus Sigilmassasaurus brevicollis Sigilmassasaurus is a Spinosaurid that might be closely related to Baryonyx and Suchomimus. It differs from Spinosaurus in that it has a ventral keel on many vertebrae and a triangular rough plateau on the bottom back end. A is Sigilmassasaurus, B is Baryonyx Sigilmassasaurus cervical vertebrae From anterior to posterior Sigilmassasaurus dorsal vertebrae Indeterminate Spinosaurid vertebrae Not a whole lot has been published yet, some bones can probably not be ID'd on genus level. Spinosaurid caudal vertebrae Anterior caudal: From LordTrilobite's collection Mid-posterior caudal: From Paleoworld-101's collection Mid-posterior caudal: From LordTrilobite's collection This caudal vertebra is less tall and more pinched in the middle of the centrum than the one from Paleoworld-101's collection. Likely due to a slightly more posterior position. Mid-posterior caudal: From LordTrilobite's collection Carcharodontosaurids Due to an old paper Sigilmassasaurus vertebrae are sometimes misidentified as Carcharodontosaurid. These vertebrae should be identified on the basis of the original description by Stromer. Two species of Carcharodontosaurids are known from the Kem Kem beds at this time. Carcharodontosaurus saharicus and Sauroniops pachytholus. Carcharodontosaurid cervical vertebrae Deltadromeus agilis Anterior (left) and mid (right) caudals better examples needed Abelisauroids Indeterminate Abelisauroid distal caudal From LordTrilobite's collection Abelisaurid dorsal vertebrae From Troodon's collection Sauropods Rebbachisaurus garasbae Not a whole lot is known about this titanosaur, as only a few bones have been found. Notice that the vertebrae are very extensively pneumaticised. Rebbachisaurus dorsal vertebrae Sauropod mid caudal vertebra. Possibly Rebbachisaurid. Unnamed Titanosaurian mid caudal vertebra Crocodilomorphs more examples needed Kemkemia This crocodile is only known by a single posterior caudal vertebra. Kemkemia caudal vertebra Turtles examples needed Pterosaurs Azhdarchids Azhdarchid (probably Alanqa) posterior fragment cervical vertebra Azhdarchid Mid cervical vertebra Sources Spinosaurids https://peerj.com/articles/1323/?utm_source=TrendMD&utm_campaign=PeerJ_TrendMD_1&utm_medium=TrendMD http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0144695 Sauropods Jeffrey A. Wilson & Ronan Allain (2015) Osteology of Rebbachisaurus garasbae Lavocat, 1954, a diplodocoid (Dinosauria, Sauropoda) from the early Late Cretaceous–aged Kem Kem beds of southeastern Morocco, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 35:4, e1000701, DOI: 10.1080/02724634.2014.1000701 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/304214496_Evidence_of_a_derived_titanosaurian_Dinosauria_Sauropoda_in_the_Kem_Kem_beds_of_Morocco_with_comments_on_sauropod_paleoecology_in_the_Cretaceous_of_Africa Kemkemia sisn.pagepress.org/index.php/nhs/article/viewFile/nhs.2012.119/32 Pterosaurs https://docs.google.com/viewer?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thefossilforum.com%2Fapplications%2Fcore%2Finterface%2Ffile%2Fattachment.php%3Fid%3D432009&fname=journal.pone.0010875.PDF&pdf=true https://riviste.unimi.it/index.php/RIPS/article/view/5967
  9. Rexofspades

    My Birthday Calvert trip

    Hi Everybody, Last week, I decided to go to the cliffs for my birthday, and I resolved to get up earlier in the morning to get something I had not found before. My equipment was the standard loadout, sifter, shovel, waders, sunshirt and hat. Along with a one strap bag that I would wear for the 1st and last time. (The strap would slide in front of my chest and neck everytime I leaned over and ducked down. it also broke halfway through my hike) When I arrived I didn't find much to write home about save for a whole shark vert. But when I waded out into the decently clear water I managed to find a vert and a couple ribs. After a couple hours and a ton of smalls, the tide came up. I noticed how high it got and realized it would be a slog to wade back, so I elected to wait an hour before the long haul back. I noticed a bunch of wildlife while I was out, I saw frogs, a weaver spider, herons and a Bald eagle with some osprey. On my way back, I felt discouraged by how choppy the water was and the lack of stuff I was finding ( Pro tip: the choppy water will help you find more stuff after it passes). That and the strap falling off of my bag was annoying. But midway through my Slog, I saw it: out of the corner of my eye I saw something bluish Grey and bigger than a shell. "There's no way" I said as I leaned over and saw the fragment of a tooth bigger than any other I found so far. I was tired, exhausted, and shaking. But here it was, my White whale, the tooth I was looking for after 3 years in the palm of my hand. It just turned dark as I arrived to my car. I think I pushed past being tired. My gear was soaked, I was soaked, but I did it. I Finally got my Meg. Breakdown of the finds below: 297 specimens in total. Starting with teeth, I think this is Hammerhead. Next up is the Meg. Measures 1.74 on the diagonal. Which I estimate would be a 2 inch tooth if whole. I'm excited bc this tooth is unmistakably a megatooth, there's nothing else it could be! Rib bones, this one looks interesting to me bc there looks to be a possible blood vessel groove, and a dissension on the middle right. Could that be a muscle attachment scar? Longer rib Whale vert
  10. Flashlight

    Kem Kem Beds Vertebra (Spinosaurid?)

    Currently working on cataloging my fossil collection as best as I can, and am uncertain on this one. I don’t doubt the authenticity of the fossil itself or stated region based on other examples, but the “Spinosaurus sp.” given by the plate it came with feels awful presumptuous, so I’ve currently settled on a sweeping “Spinosauridae” classification. Does anything about this point to something more specific, or something more vague? Can provide more/better images if needed.
  11. Done Drillin

    Bone Valley vertebra ID

    Found this interesting vertebra in the bone valley deposits of Bowling Green Florida and was hoping someone might have an idea from what it may have come from. The deposits are largely Miocene in age . The rough dimensions would be 1 3/4 inch in overall length by 1 1/4 inch high. Many thanks for looking
  12. Steph67

    Vertebra, but which one?

    Hi, Can you identify the vertebra? I suppose fish? Found in jurrasic layer, a few mm length... Thanks And the other side :
  13. Steph67

    Like a vertebra (muschelkalk)

    Hi, Found that, looks like a vertebra, But not sure texture is a bone... Any help?
  14. Hi all. I don't really know anything about fossils. I have always been fascinated by them, but have no real knowledge. I found this in a lake in Central Saskatchewan. Someone on Reddit suggested it's a vertebra. How do I go about identifying which animal it may have come from? It's 5x7 cm
  15. Thanks in advance. Any help you can give this newbie will be appreciated! I found this on east coast of central Florida, about a mile west of the Indian River Lagoon. It weighs about 10 grams. Most of the vertebra is hard like stone. Except on two of the sides, those cream color areas are like very densely packed powder. I've scraped away a lot of it and am wondering if I should try to clean it all out. Does an ultra sonic cleaner help with an item like this? Also, the concrete like deposits that are filling the openings. Can I aggressively clean those holes out? Any chance it's a xiphactinus?
  16. Alex BC

    South Carolina Beach Batch

    Howdy Everyone! I found this batch of fossils (maybe a rock or two) in Myrtle Beach, SC. Any assistance in identification is greatly appreciated, GOOD LUCK! (Apologies if these photos end up out of order)
  17. Found these and a few other things, including petrified wood, modern bone, old looking mineralized bone and new looking mineralized bone, and brachipods in small chunks of limestone. All found in a streambed in Ames, IA just north of Des Moines. Vertebra is flattened, and I'm fairly sure the thing in the middle is a crushing shark tooth. New to the area, geologic map said pleistocene deposits only. Thank you
  18. Adam81

    Type of Vertebra ???

    Need help in IDing … Located on Holden Beach, NC In second pic I placed item beside a Great White Shark tooth for reference. Has designs in side of vertebra.
  19. Here is another set of beach finds I need help pinpointing. The small round one is a shark vertebra I think. The larger black one is a vertebra of some kind but I have no idea what from, I know it is highly weathered. These were both found on the beach in North Carolina, near the Fort Macon area. The one with all the holes I am guessing is a fragment of a dolphin jawbone, but If I am way off here or if you can pinpoint it any further let me know! This piece came from a sample of a tailings pile from the Aurora phosphate mine in NC. Thanks again!
  20. Hello everyone! I've found quite a number of interesting things at Holden Beach, North Carolina since the replenishment project last year. Most of the stuff I've found I was able to identify fairly easily as I started to learn more (A big thanks to a large number of people on this forum, I did a lot of browsing here over the last year), but this vertebra is one thing I haven't pegged down 100% that I've been curious about. I found it back this April one morning, barely exposed in a tide pool. The area currently has things from Cretaceous to Pliocene washing out, but I think it looks fairly young as far as fossils go. The spinous process looks like it was broken off more recently, possibly due to the replenishment project; it wasn't a very gentle procedure for any of the fossils or seashells! I've heard from a couple of individuals that it may be a worn down manatee or dugong vertebra, which I am leaning towards myself, but I figured it wouldn't hurt to get additional opinions on it before the upcoming Aurora Fossil Festival. My phone camera is iffy with focusing, so sorry if the labels look to be somewhat blurry! I've included a couple of bonus pictures from the day I discovered it (I dropped my poor phone in the tide pool while I was snapping shots of it). It looks to be around 11 cm (4.33 Inches) across the transverse process, around 7 cm (2.755 Inches) long overall, and around 7.8 cm (3.07 Inches) wide on the body.
  21. Othniel C. Marsh

    Unidentified Vertebra

    This is a vertebra that was originally marketed as that of an iguanodon. This, quite frankly, is almost certainly not true, and I judge it to be that of a fish- but of course I am no authority on this matter, so I thought I'd put it to you guys to make sure. If you could, would you be able to identify down to a family or genus (or better yet a species, but I imagine that would be incredibly difficult) as well? Thanks in advance for any proposed IDs Othniel
  22. johnnyvaldez7.jv

    SE Texas - Little Big Verts

    Found these two vertebrates today. Quite the opposite. The big one I'm leaning bison cervical vertebra...it is 4.5" x 6" top to bottom with what's available. The small one is .75" across and 1" top to bottom. It's in pretty decent shape and was sitting on the edge of the river water and sand barely exposed. Whatever it's from is pretty small. Can't be deer this time ( or could it?) Even small animals like possum, armadillo, raccoon all seem larger than this unless it's a juvenile vertebra or a rat, house cat or squirrel? No clue. Could be modern or could be older. Pleistocene deposit finds here all the time.
  23. SharkySarah

    Hell Creek vertebrae

    Below are some micro vertebrae from the Hell Creek formation. Any idea what they came from? 1. 2.
  24. Yoda

    Palaeophis vertebra

    I recently added this Palaeophis snake vertebra to my collection Looks real to me. But I am not convinced the data (formation & age) are correct Any comments appreciated Thanks
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