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Found this rock while hunting on the historic railroad trail in Madison, Indiana. Found a lot of coral and shell fossils in the area.

Found this on the side slope of an old road cut near the Cheyenne River in western South Dakota this morning...my first thought was turtle but after looking at fossilized turtle pics on line I don't think so. Could it be a dinosaur egg? It is about 18" long by 12" wide. When I grasped it and pulled on it it started separating into chunks as you can see in the second photo, and what looks like it could be the outer shell started separating from the outer portion (some pieces can be seen in the dirt to the right of the fossil(?) in question. Any help with ID would be greatly appreciated. Thanks!

Every day I look through a collection of websites and online auctions for any good deals on dinosaur fossils. Occasionally a real steal of a deal is found, but when it comes to eggs most of what I see is fake. Counterfeit dinosaur eggs are continually found, mostly being sold by the same sellers from China and Malaysia. I personally fell for this trap last year and spent a lot of money on "eggs" that were man made. This is a topic that is brought up every few months on this thread to warn fellow collectors and I think its time again to repost what many others have posted before. There was a good short article that was written by Bill Merz and distributed at last year's Tucson Gem and Mineral Show where he points out some of the most common examples of mass manufactured fake eggs.

Hoping someone can help me determine if this is a dinosaur egg?

Hello members! I recently purchased my first dinosaur egg. Could you please help me identify it's authenticity? It was sold as a Hadrosaur egg. Thank you all so much!!

These are a few of the pdf files (and a few Microsoft Word documents) that I've accumulated in my web browsing. MOST of these are hyperlinked to their source. If you want one that is not hyperlinked or if the link isn't working, e-mail me at joegallo1954@gmail.com and I'll be happy to send it to you. Please note that this list will be updated continuously as I find more available resources. All of these files are freely available on the Internet so there should be no copyright issues. Articles with author names in RED are new additions since March 10 , 2017. Eggs (Oolithids) Oolithids - Cambrian Lin, J.-P., et al. (2006). Silicified egg clusters from a Middle Cambrian Burgess Shale-type deposit, Guizhou, south China. Geology, Vol.34, Number 12. Oolithids - Permian Abu Hamad, A., et al. (2016). First Permian Occurrence of the Shark Egg Capsule Morphotype Palaeoryxis Brongniart, 1828. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, e1112290. Oolithids - Triassic Böttcher, R. (2010). Description of the shark egg capsule Palaeoxyris friessi n.sp. from the Ladinian (Middle Triassic) of SW Germany and discussion of all known egg capsules from the Triassic of the Germanic Basin. Palaeodiversity, 3. Fischer, J., B.J. Axsmith and S.R. Ash (2010). First unequivocal record of the hybodont shark egg capsule Palaeoxyris in the Mesozoic of North America. N.Jb.Geol.Paläont.Abh., Vol.255/3. Fischer, J., S. Voigt and M. Buchwitz (2007). First elasmobranch egg capsules from freshwater lake deposits of the Madygen Formation (Middle to Late Triassic, Kyrgyzstan, Central Asia). Freiberger Forschungshefte, C254, psf (15). Kitching, J.W. (1979). Preliminary Report on a Clutch of Six Dinosaurian Eggs from the Upper Triassic Elliot Formation, Northern Orange Free State. Palaeont.afr., 22. McLean, G. (2014). A Comparative Study of the Australian Fossil Shark Egg-Case Palaeoxyris duni, with Comments on Affinities and Structure. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, 136. Pott, C., et al. (2008). Fossil Insect Eggs and Ovipositional Damage on Bennettitalian Leaf Cuticles from the Carnian (Upper Triassic) of Austria. J.Paleont., 82(4). Oolithids - Jurassic Garcia, G., et al. (2006). Earliest Laurasian sauropod eggshells. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 51(1). Joyce, W.G. and D.K. Zelenitsky (2002). Turtle egg pseudomorphs from the Late Jurassic of Schamhaupten, Germany. Archaeopteryx, 20. Mateus, I., et al. (1998). Upper Jurassic Theropod Dinosaur embryos from Lourinhã (Portugal). Memórias da Academia Ciências de Lisboa, Vol.37. Popa, M.E. and A. Zaharia (2011). Early Jurassic Ovipositories on Bennettitalean Leaves from Romania. Acta Palaeontologica Romaniae, Vol.7. Reisz, R.R., et al. (2012). Oldest known dinosaurian nesting site and reproductive biology of the Early Jurassic sauropodomorph Massospondylus. PNAS, Early Edition. Ribeiro, V., et al. (2014). Two new theropod egg sites from the Late Jurassic Lourinhã Formation, Portugal. Historical Biology, Vol.26, Number 2. Russo, J., et al. (2017). Two new ootaxa from the late Jurassic : The oldest record of crocodylomorph eggs from the Lourinhã Formation, Portugal. PLoS ONE, 12(3). (Thanks to Fossildude19 for finding this one!) Russo, J., et al. (2014). Crocodylomorph eggs and eggshells from the Lourinhã Fm. (Upper Jurassic), Portugal. Comunicaҫões Geológicas, 101, Especial 1. Zaton, M., G. Niedzwiedzki and G. Pienkowski (2009). Gastropod Egg Capsules Preserved on Bivalve Shells from the Lower Jurassic (Hettangian) of Poland. Palaios, Vol.24. Oolithids - Cretaceous Cretaceous Oolithids - Africa/Middle East Gottfried, M.D., et al. (2004). Dinosaur Eggshell from the Red Sandstone Group of Tanzania. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 24(2). Krassilov, V., et al. (2007). Insect eggs sets on angiosperm leaves from the Lower Cretaceous of Negev, Israel. Cretaceous Research, 28. Lawver, D.R., A.H. Rasoamiaramanana and I. Werneberg (2015). An Occurrence of Fossil Eggs from the Mesozoic of Madagascar and a Detailed Observation of Eggshell Microstructure. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, e973030. Cretaceous Oolithids - Asia/Malaysia/Pacific Islands Buffetaut, E., et al. (2005). Minute theropod eggs and embryo from the Lower Cretaceous of Thailand and the dinosaur-bird transition. Naturwissenschaften, 00, Short Communications. Huh, M., et al. (2014). First record of a complete giant theropod egg clutch from Upper Cretaceous deposits, South Korea. Historical Biology, Vol.26, Number 2. Johnston, P.A., D.A. Eberth and P.K. Anderson (1996). Alleged vertebrate eggs from Upper Cretaceous redbeds, Gobi Desert, are fossil insect (Coleoptera) pupal chambers: Fictovichnus new ichnogenus. Can.J. Earth Sci., 33. (Thanks to doushantuo for finding this one!) Lawver, D.R., et al. (2016). An Avian Egg from the Lower Cretaceous (Albian). Liangtoutang Formation of Zhejiang Province, China. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, e1100631. Liu, J.-Y., et al. (2013). A parataxonomic revision of spheroolithid eggs from the Upper Cretaceous Quantou Formation in Changtu, Liaoning. Vertebrata PalAsiatica, 51(4). Mikhailov, K.E. (2000). 28. Eggs and eggshells of dinosaurs and birds from the Cretaceous of Mongolia. In: The Age of Dinosaurs in Russia and Mongolia. Benton, M.J., et al. (eds.), Cambridge University Press. Paik, I.S., H.J. kim. and M. Huh (2012). Dinosaur egg deposits in the Cretaceous Gyeongsang Supergroup, Korea: Diversity and paleobiological implications. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, unpublished manuscript. Prasad, G.V.R., et al. (2015). Testudoid and crocodiloid eggshells from the Upper Cretaceous Deccan Intertrappean Beds of Central India. C.R. Palevol, 14. Sabath, K. (1991). Upper Cretaceous Amniotic Eggs from the Gobi Desert. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, Vol.36, Number 2. Varricchio, D.J. and D.E. Barta (2015). Revisiting Sabath's "Larger Avian Eggs" from the Gobi Cretaceous. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 60(1). Wang, Q., et al. (2013). New forms of dictyoolithids from the Tiantai Basin, Zhejiang Province of China and a parataxonomic revision of the dictyoolithids. Vertebrata PalAsiatica, 51(1). Wang, Q., et al. (2013). New turtle egg fossil from the Upper Cretaceous of the Laiyang Basin, Shandong Province, China. Annals of the Brazilian Academy of Sciences, 85(1). Wang, Q., et al. (2011). New Ootypes of Dinosaur Eggs from the Late Cretaceous in Tiantai Basin, Zhejiang Province, China. Vertebrata PalAsiatica, 49(4). Wang, Q., et al. (2010). A New Oogenus of Elongatoolithidae from the Upper Cretaceous Chichengshan Formation of Tiantai Basin, Zhejiang Province. Vertebrata PalAsiatica, 48(2). Wang, X.-l., et al. (2012). Dinosaur Egg Faunas of the Upper Cretaceous Terrestrial Red Beds of China and Their Stratigraphical Significance. Journal of Stratigraphy, Vol.36, Number 2. Zhang, S.-K. (2010). A Parataxonomic Revision of the Cretaceous Faveoloolithid Eggs of China. Vertebrata PalAsiatica, 48(3). Zhang, S.K. and Q. Wang (2010). A New Oospecies of Ovaloolithids from Turpan Basin in Xinjiang, China. Vertebrata PalAsiatica, 48(1). Zhao, H. and Z.-K. Zhou (1999). A New Form of Elongatoolithid Dinosaur Eggs from the Lower Cretaceous Shahai Formation of Heishan, Liaoning Province. Vertebrata PalAsiatica, 37(4). Zhou, H. and Z.-K. Zhou (1998). Dinosaur Eggs from Xichuan Basin, China. Vertebrata PalAsiatica, 36(4). Zhou, Z. and Z.-C. Li (1988). A New Structural Type of Dinosaur Eggs from Anlu County, Hubei Province. Vertebrata PalAsiatica,26(2). Zou, S.-L., Q. Wang and X.-L. Wang (2013). A new oospecies of parafaveoolithids from the Pingxiang Basin, Jiangxi Province, of China. Vertebrata PalAsiatica, 51(2). Cretaceous Oolithids - Europe (including Greenland and Siberia) Botfalvai, G., et al. (2017). Taphonomical and palaeoecological investigation of the Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) Tustea vertebrate assemblage (Romania, Hateg Basin) - insights into a unique dinosaur nesting locality. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 268. Grellet-Tinner, G., et al. (2012). First Record of Reproductive Adaptation to "Island Effect" of a Dwarf Cretaceous Romanian Titanosaur, with Embryonic Integument In Ovo. PLoS One, 7(3). Grigorescu, D. (2016). The 'Tustea puzzle' revisited: Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) Megaloolithus eggs associated with Telmatosaurus hatchlings in the Hateg Basin. Historical Biology. Grigorescu, D. and Z. Csiki (2008). A New Site with Megaloolithid Egg Remains in the Maastrichtian of the Haṭeg Basin. Acta Palaeontologica Romaniae, v.6. Kohring, R. (1991). Lizard Egg Shells from the Lower Cretaceous of Cuenca Province, Spain. Palaeontology, Vol.34, Part 1. López-Martínez, N. (2000). Eggshell Sites from the Cretaceous-Tertiary Transition in South-Central Pyrenees (Spain). First International Symposium on Dinosaur Eggs and Babies, Extended Abstracts. Moreno-Azanza, M., J.I. Canudo and J.M. Gasca (2014). Spheroolithid eggshells in the Lower Cretaceous of Europe. Implications for eggshell evolution in ornithischian dinosaurs. Cretaceous Research, 51. Moreno-Azanza, M., J.I. Canudo and J.M. Gasca (2014). Unusual theropod eggshells from the Early Cretaceous Blessa Formation of the Iberian Range, Spain. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 59(4). Moreno-Azanza, M., et al. (2014). A re-evaluation of aff. Megaloolithidae eggshell fragments from the uppermost Cretaceous of the Pyrenees and implications for crocodylomorph eggshell structure. Historical Biology, Vol.26, Number 2. Sellés, A.G. (2012). Oological Record of Dinosaurs in South Central Pyrenees (SW Europe): Parataxonomy, Diversity and Biostratigraphical Implications. Ph.D. Thesis - Universitat de Barcelona. Zaton, M. and A.A. Mironenko (2015). Gastropod egg capsules preserved on an Early Cretaceous ammonite from Daghestan, Russia. Cretaceous Research, 55. Zaton, M., A.A. Mironenko and K. Banasik (2017). Gastropod egg capsules from the Lower Cretaceous of Russia preserved by calcitation. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 466. Zaton, M., P.D. Taylor and J.W.M. Jagt (2013). Late Cretaceous gastropod egg capsules from the Netherlands preserved by bioimmuration. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 58(2). Cretaceous Oolithids - North America Horner, J.R. (1999). Egg Clutches and Embryos of Two Hadrosaurian Dinosaurs. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 19(4). Lawver, D.R, and F.D. Jackson (2016). An accumulation of turtle eggs with embryos from the Campanian (Upper Cretaceous) Judith River Formation of Montana. Cretaceous Research, accepted manuscript. Varricchio, D.J. and F.D. Jackson (2004). A Phylogenetic Assessment of Prismatic Dinosaur Eggs from the Cretaceous Two Medicine Formation of Montana. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 24(4). Varricchio, D.J., J.R. Horner and F.D. Jackson (2002). Embryos and Eggs for the Cretaceous Theropod Dinosaur Troodon formosus. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 22(3). Zelenitsky, D.K. and F. Therrien (2008). Unique Maniraptoran Egg Clutch from the Upper Cretaceous Two Medicine Formation of Montana Reveals Theropod Nesting Behaviour. Palaeontology, Vol.51, Part 6. Zelenitsky, D.K., et al. (2008). First fossil gravid turtle provides insight into the evolution of reproductive traits in turtles. Biol. Lett., 4. Cretaceous Oolithids - South America/Central America/Caribblean Fernández, M.S., et al. (2013). A Large Accumulation of Avian Eggs from the Late Cretaceous of Patagonia (Argentina) Reveals a Novel Nesting Strategy in Mesozoic Birds. PLoS ONE, 8(4). Grellet-Tinner, G. and H. Zaher (2007). Taxonomic Identification of the Megaloolothid Egg and Eggshells from the Cretaceous Bauru Basin (Minas Gerais, Brazil): Comparison With the Auca Mahuevo (Argentina) Titanosaurid Eggs. Papeis Avulsos de Zoologica, Vol.47(7). Grellet-Tinner, G., et al. (2014). The first pterosaur 3-D egg: Implications for Pterodaustro guinazui nesting strategies, an Albian filter feeder pterosaur from central Argentina. Geoscience Frontiers, 5. Hechenleitner, E.M., et al. (2016). A New Upper Cretaceous Titanosaur Nesting Site from La Rioja (NW Argentina), With Implications for Titanosaur Nesting Strategies. Palaeontology. Hechenleitner, E.M., et al. (2016). Micro-CT scan reveals an unexpected high-volume and interconnected pore network in a Cretaceous Sanagasta dinosaur eggshell. J.R.Soc. Interface, 13:20160008. Marsola, J.C. de A.,. et al. (2016). Palaeoenvironmental characterization of a crocodilian nesting site from the Late Cretaceous of Brazil and the evolution of crocodyliform nesting strategies. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 457. Marsola, J.C. de A., et al. (2014). The first Pan-Podocnemididae turtle egg from the Presidente Prudente Formation (Late Cretaceous, Bauru Group), Brazil. Zootaxa, 3872(2). Marsola, J.C. de A., et al. (2014). The first fossil avian egg from Brazil. Alcheringa, 38, xxx-xxx. Oliveira, C.E.M., et al. (2011). Crocodylomorph Eggs and Eggshells from the Adamantina Formation (Bauru Group), Upper Cretaceous of Brazil. Palaeontology, Vol.54, Part 2. Salgado, L., et al. (2007). Upper Cretaceous dinosaur nesting sites of Rio N*gro (Salitral Ojo de Agua and Salinas de Trapalco-Salitral de Santa Rosa), northern Patagonia, Argentina. Cretaceous Research, 28. Schweitzer, M.H., et al. (2002). Late Cretaceous Avian Eggs With Embryos From Argentina. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 22(1). General Cretaceous Oolithids Balanoff, A.M., et al. (2008). Digital preparation of a probable neoceratopsian preserved within an egg, with comments on microstructural anatomy of ornithischian egg shells. Naturwissenschaften, 95. Jackson, F.D. and J.G. Schmitt (2008). Recognition of vertebrate egg abnormalities in the Upper Cretaceous fossil record. Cretaceous Research, 29. Panades I Blas, X. (2005). Diversity versus variability in Megaloolithid dinosaur eggshells. PalArch, 2, 1. Sander, P.M., et al. (2008). Upper Cretaceous titanosaur nesting sites and their implications for sauropod dinosaur reproductive biology. Palaeontographica Abt. A, 284. Zelenitsky, D.K. and F. Therrien (2008). Phylogenetic Analysis of Reproductive Traits of Maniraptoran Theropods and Its Implications for Egg Parataxonomy. Palaeontology, Vol.51, Part 4. Oolithids - Paleocene Angst, D., et al. (2015). Diet and climatic context of giant birds inferred from δ13Cc and δ18Oc values of Late Palaeocene and Early Eocene eggshells from southern France. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 435. Donaire, M. and N. López-Martínez (2009). Porosity of Late Paleocene Ornitholithus eggshells (Tremp Fm., south-central Pyrenees, Spain): Paleoclimatic implications. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 279. Oolithids - Eocene Hastings, A.K. and M. Hellmund (2015). Rare In Situ Preservation of Adult Crocodylian With Eggs from the Middle Eocene of Geiseltal, Germany. Palaios, Vol.30. Kiel, S., J. Peckmann and K. Simon (2013). Catshark egg capsules from a Late Eocene deep-water methane-seep deposit in western Washington State, USA. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 58(1). Sellick, J.T.C. (1994). Phasmida (Stick Insect) Eggs from the Eocene of Oregon. Palaeontology, Vol.37, Part 4. Oolithids - Miocene Bibi, F., et al. (2006). New Fossil Ratite (Aves: Paleognathae) Eggshell Discoveries from the Late Miocene Baynunah Formation of the United Arab Emirates, Arabian Peninsula. Palaeontologia Electronica, Vol.9, Issue 1. Blas, X.P.I. and R. Patnaik (2009). A Complete Crocodylian Egg from the Upper Miocene (Chinji Beds) of Pakistan and its Palaeobiographical Implications. PalArch's Journal of Vertebrate Palaeontology, 6(1). Grellet-Tinner, G., et al. (2012). The First Occurrence in the Fossil Record of an Aquatic Avian Twig-Nest with Phoenicopteriformes Eggs: Evolutionary Implications. PLoS ONE, 7(10). Oolithids - Pliocene Harrison, T. (2005). Fossil bird eggs from the Pliocene of Laetoli, Tanzania: Their taxonomic and paleoecological relationships. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 41. Kuhn, B.F., et al. (2015). Identification of fossilized eggshells from the Taung hominin locality, Taung, Northwest Province, South Africa. Palaeontologia Electronica, 18.1.11A. Mueller-Töwe, I.J., et al. (2011). First chelonian eggs and carapace fragments from the Pliocene of Rhodes, Greece. N.Jb.Geol.Palaönt.Abh., 262/3. Oolithids - Pleistocene Bradbury, W.C. (1919). Some Notes on the Egg of Aepyornis maximus. The Condor, Vol.XXI, Number 3. Grellet-Tinner, G., N.A. Spooner and T.H. Worthy (2016). Is the "Genyornis" egg of a mihirung or another extinct bird from the Australian dreamtime? Quaternary Science Reviews, 133. Lawver, D.R. and F.D. Jackson (2016). A Fossil Egg Clutch from the Stem Turtle Meiolania platyceps: Implications for the Evolution of Turtle Reproductive Biology. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, e1223685. Mlíkovský, J. (2003). Eggs of extinct aepyornithids (Aves: Aepyornithidae) of Madagascar: size and taxonomic identity. Sylvia, 39. Wetmore, A. (1939). A Pleistocene Egg from Nevada. Condor, Vol.XLI, Number 3. General Egg (Oolithid) Fossils Brown, R.W. (1946). Fossil Egg Capsules of Chimaeroid Fishes. Journal of Paleontology, Vol.20, Number 3. Deeming, D.C. and M. Ruta (2014). Egg shape changes at the theropod-bird transition, and a morphometric study of amniote eggs. R.Soc.open sci., 1. dyke, G.J. and G.W. Kaiser (2010). Cracking a Developmental Constraint: Egg Size and Bird Evolution. Records of the Australian Museum, Vol.62. Horner, J.R. (2000). Dinosaur Reproduction and Parenting. Anna.Rev. Earth Planet.Sci. 2000, 28. Lawver, D.R., A.H. Rasoamiaramanana and I. Werneburg (2015). An Occurrence of Fossil Eggs from the Mesozoic of Madagascar and a Detailed Observation of Eggshell Microstructure. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, e973030. Mikhailov, K.E. (1997). Fossil and recent eggshell in amniotic vertebrates: Fine structure, comparative morphology and classification. Special Papers in Palaeontology, Number 56. Mikhailov, K.E. (1991). Classification of Fossil Eggshells of Amniotic Vertebrates. Palaeontologica, Vol.36, Number 2. Mikhailov, K.E., E.S. Bray and K.F. Hirsch (1996). Parataxonomy of Fossil Egg Remains (Veterovata): Principles and Applications. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 16(4). Senut, B. and M. Pickford (1995). Fossil Eggs and Cenozoic Continental Biostratigraphy of Namibia. Paleont.afr., 32. Tanaka, R., D.K. Zelenitsky and F. Therrien (2015). Eggshell Porosity Provides Insight on Evolution of Nesting in Dinosaurs. PLoS ONE, 10(11). Vianey-Liaud, M., A. Khosla and G. Garcia (2003). Relationships Between European and Indian Dinosaur Eggs and Eggshells of the Oofamily Megaloolithidae. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 23(3). Vila, W., et al. (2010). 3-D Modelling of Megaloolithid Clutches: Insights about Nest Construction and Dinosaur Behaviour. PLoS ONE, 5(5). Wang, Q., X. Wang and Z. Zhao (2010). Recent Progress in the Study of Dinosaur Eggs in China. Dinosaurs, Vol.24, Number 2. Wiemann, J., et al. (2015). The blue-green eggs of dinosaurs: How fossil metabolites provide insights into the evolution of bird reproduction. PeerJ PrePrints. Zhao, Z. (1979). Progress in the Research of Dinosaur Eggs. In: Mesozoic and Cenozoic Red Beds of South China. Science Press. Gastroliths Gastroliths - Triassic Weems, R.E., M.J. Culp and O. Wings (2007). Evidence for Prosauropod Dinosaur Gastroliths in the Bull Run Formation (Upper Triassic, Norian) of Virginia. Ichnos, 14:3. Gastroliths - Jurassic Grinvalds, K. (1982). Gastroliths of the Morrison(?) Formation, Sanpete Valley, Utah. Senior Thesis - The Ohio State University. Wings, O. (2015). The rarity of gastroliths in sauropod dinosaurs - a case study in the Late Jurassic Morrison Formation, western USA. Foss.Rec., 18. Gastroliths - Cretaceous Cerda, I.A. (2008). Gastroliths in an ornithopod dinosaur. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 53(2). Everhart, M. (2005). Probable plesiosaur gastroliths from the basal Kiowa Shale (Early Cretaceous) of Kiowa County, Kansas. Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science, Vol.108, Numbers 3/4. O'Gorman, J.P., et al. (2014). Gastroliths associated with an Aristonectes specimen (Plesiosauria, Elasmosauridae), Lopez de Bertodano Formation (upper Maastrichtian) Seymour Island (Is. Marambio), Antarctic Peninsula. Cretaceous Research, 50. O'Gorman, J.P., et al. (2013). First record of gastroliths associated with elasmosaur remains from La Colonia Formation (Campanian-Maastrichtian), Chubut, Patagonia, Argentina, with comments on the probable depositional palaeoenvironment of the source of the gastroliths. Cretaceous Research, 40. Zhou, Z., et al. (2004). Gastroliths in Yanornis: an indication of the earliest radical diet-switching and gizzard plasticity in the lineage leading to modern birds? Naturwissenschaften, 91. Gastroliths - Pleistocene Hoskins, C.M., R.D. Guthrie and B.L.P. Hoffman. Pleistocene, Holocene and Recent Bird Gastroliths from Interior Alaska. Arctic, 23. General Gastroliths Wings, O. (2007). A review of gastrolith function with implications for fossil vertebrates and a revised classification. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 52(1). Wings, O. (2004). Identification, Distribution and Functions of Gastroliths in Dinosaurs and Extant Birds with Emphasis on Ostriches (Struthio camelus). Ph.D. Dissertation - Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universitat Bonn. Wings, O. and P.M. Sander (2007). No gastric mill in sauropod dinosaurs: new evidence from analysis of gastrolith mass and function in ostriches. Proc.R.Soc.B, 274. Regurgitated Material ('Ejecta', Gastric Pellets and Speiballen) Triassic Dalla Vecchia, F.M., G. Muscio and R. Wild (1989). Pterosaur Remains in a Gastric Pellet from the Upper Triassic (Norian) of Rio Seazza Valley (Udine, Italy). Gortiana. Holgado, B., et al. (2015). A Reappraisal of the Purported Gastric Pellet with Pterosaurian Bones from the Upper Triassic of Italy. PLoS ONE, 10(11). Jurassic Borszcz, T. and M. Zatoń (2013). The oldest record of predation on echinoids: evidence from the Middle Jurassic of Poland. Lethaia, Vol.46. Thies, D. and R.B. Hauff (2013). A Speiballen from the Lower Jurassic Posidonia Shale of South Germany. N.Jb.Geol.Paläont.Abh., 267. Zatoń, M., L. Villier and M.A. Salamon (2007). Signs of predation in the Middle Jurassic of south-central Poland: evidence from echinoderm taphonomy. Lethaia, Vol.40. Cretaceous Sanz, J.L., et al. (2001). An Early Cretaceous pellet. Nature, Vol.409 (Brief Communications) Pleistocene Attard, I.R. and J.W.F. Reumer (2009). Taphonomic reinterpretation of a bone sample of endemic Pleistocene deer from Crete: osteoporosis versus regurgitation. Palaeodiversity, 2. Boaz, N.T., et al. (2000). Large Mammalian Carnivores as a Taphonomic Factor in the Bone Accumulation at Zhoukoudian. Acta Anthropologica Sinica, Supplement to Vol.19. Coprolites (Feces) Coprolites - Silurian Edwards, D., et al. (1995). Coprolites as evidence for plant-animal interaction in Siluro-Devonian terrestrial ecosystems. Nature, Vol.377. Coprolites - Devonian Edwards, D., P.A. Selden and L. Axe (2012). Selective Feeding in an Early Devonian Terrestrial Ecosystem. Palaios, Vol.27. Habgood, K.S., H. Hass and H. Kerp (2004). Evidence for an early terrestrial food web: coprolites from the Early Devonian Rhynie chert. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth Sciences. 94. Herbig, H.-G. (1993). First Upper Devonian Crustacean Coprolites: Favreina prima n.sp. from Northern Morocco. J.Paleont., 67(1). Zaton, M. and M. Rakocinski (2014). Coprolite evidence for carnivorous predation in a Late Devonian pelagic environment of southern Laurussia. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 394. Coprolites - Carboniferous Baxendale, R.W. (1979). Plant-Bearing Coprolites from North American Pennsylvanian Coal Balls. Palaeontology, Vol.22, Part 3. Gong, Y.-M., L.-J. Zhang and Y.-B. Wu (2010). Carboniferous coprolites from Qinhuangdao of North China. South China Earth Sciences, Vol.53, Number 2. Hunt, A.P. and S.G. Lucas (2013). The Fossil Record of Carboniferous and Permian Vertebrate Coprolites. In: The Carboniferous-Permian Transition. Lucas, S.G., et al. (eds.), New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science, Bulletin 60. Hunt, A.P., et al. (2013). Late Pennsylvanian Coprofauna from the Finis Shale of North-Central Texas. In: The Carboniferous-Permian Transition. Lucas, S.G., et al. (eds.), New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science, Bulletin 60. Hunt, A.P., et al. (2012). Bromalites from the Mississippian Bear Gulch Lagerstatte of Central Montana, USA. In: Vertebrate Coprolites. Hunt, et al. (eds.), New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science, Bulletin 57. Hunt, A.P., et al. (2012). A New Marine Coprofauna from the Beeman Formation (Late Pennsylvanian: Late Missourian), Sacramento Mountains, New Mexico, USA. In: Vertebrate Coprolites. Hunt, et al. (eds.), New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science, Bulletin 57. Krzykawski, T., et al. (2014). Carboniferous coprolite in the siderite concretion from Sosnowiec-Zagorze Lagerstatte, Poland - preliminary data. Freiberger Forschunghefte, C 548, 22. Rothwell, G.W. and A.C. Scott (1983). Coprolites Within Marattiaceous Fern Stems (Psaronius magnificus) from the Upper Pennsylvanian of the Appalachian Basin, USA. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 41. Scott, A.C. (1977). Coprolites Containing Plant Material from the Carboniferous of Britain. Palaeontology, Vol.20, Part 1. Coprolites - Permian Permian Coprolites - Antarctica Retallack, G.J. and E.S. Krull (1999). Permian coprolites from Graphite Peak, Antarctica. U.S. Antarctic Journal, 30(5). Permian Coprolites - Asia/Malaysia/Pacific Islands D'Rosario, A., et al. (2011). Spatiotemporal extension of the Euramerican Psaronius component community to the Late Permian of Cathaysia: In situ coprolites in a P. housuoensis stem from Yunnan Province, southwest China. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 306. Feng, Z., J. Wang and L.-J. Liu (2010). First report of oribatid mite (arthropod) borings and coprolites in Permian woods from the Helan Mountains of northern China. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 288. Permian Coprolites - Europe (including Greenland and Siberia) Niedzwiedzki, G., et al. (2016). Reduction of vertebrate coprolite diversity associated with the end-Permian extinction event in Vyazniki region, European Russia. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 450. Owocki, K., et al. (2012). Upper Permian Vertebrate Coprolites from Vyazniki and Gorokhvets, Vyatkian Regional Stage, Russian Platform. Palaios, Vol.27(12). Permian Coprolites - North America Cantrell, A.K., et al. (2012). Vertebrate Coprolites from the Lower Permian (Middle Wolfcampian) Gallina Well Locality, Joyita Hills, Socorro County, New Mexico. In: Vertebrate Coprolites. Hunt, et al. (eds.), New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science, Bulletin 57. Hunt, A.P., S.G. Lucas and J.A. Spielmann (2005). Biochronology of Early Permian Vertebrate Coprolites of the American Southwest. In: The Permian of Central New Mexico. Lucas, S.G., K.E. Ziegler and J.A. Spielmann (eds.), New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science, Bulletin 31. Hunt, A.P., S.G. Lucas and J.A. Spielmann (2005). Early Permian Vertebrate Coprolites from North-Central New Mexico With Description of a New Ichnogenus. In: The Permian of Central New Mexico. Lucas, S.G., K.E. Ziegler and J.A. Spielmann (eds.), New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science, Bulletin 31. Permian Coprolites - South America/Central America/Caribbean Dentzien-Dias, P.C., et al. (2012). Paleobiology of a unique vertebrate coprolites concentration from Rio do Rasto Formation (Middle/Upper Permian), Parana Basin, Brazil. Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 40. Izumi, K., R. Gunimaraes-Netto and J.H.D. Lima (2015). Microbe-Mediated Preservation of Invertebrate Fecal Pellets: Evidence from the Microfossil Phymatoderma burkei, Permian Shallow Marine, Teresina Formation, Southern Brazil. Palaios, Vol.30. General Permian Coprolites Dentzien-Dias, P.C., et al. (2013). Tapeworm Eggs in a 270 Million-Year-Old Shark Coprolite. PLoS ONE, 8(1). Coprolites - Triassic Brachaniec, T., et al. (2015). Coprolites of marine vertebrate predators from the Lower Triassic of southern Poland. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 435. Da Silva, P.A., et al. (2014). A new ascarid species in cynodont coprolite dated of 240 million years. Annals of the Brazilian Academy of Sciences, 86(1). Fiorelli, L.E., et al. (2013). The oldest known communal latrines provide evidence of gregarism in Triassic megaherbivores. Scientific Reports, 3: 3348. Hansen, B.B., et al. (2015). Coprolites from the Late Triassic Kap Stewart Formation, Jameson Land, East Greenland: morphology, classification and prey inclusions. Geological Society London Special Publications, 434. Hollocher, K.T., et al. (2003). Carnivore Coprolites from the Upper Triassic Ischigualasto Formation, Argentina: Chemistry, Mineralogy, and Evidence for Rapid Initial Mineralization. Palaios, 20(1). Hugot, J.-P., et al. (2014). Discovery of a 240 million year old nematode parasite egg in a cynodont coprolite sheds light on the early origin of pinworms in vertebrates. Parasites&Vectors, 7. Hunt, A.P., S.G. Lucas and J.A. Spielmann (2013). Triassic Vertebrate Coprolite Ichnofaunas. In: The Triassic System. Tanner, L.H., J.A. Spielmann and S.G. Lucas (eds.), New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science, Bulletin 61. Hunt, A.P., et al. (2007). A Review of Vertebrate Coprolites of the Triassic With Descriptions of New Mesozoic Ichnotaxa. In: The Global Triassic. Lucas, S.G. and J.A. Spielmann (eds.), New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science, Bulletin 41. Klavins, S.D., et al. (2005). Coprolites in a Middle Triassic cycad pollen cone: evidence for insect pollination in early cycads? Evolutionary Ecology Research, 7. Milàn, J., et al. (2012). A Preliminary Report on Coprolites from the Late Triassic Part of the Kapstewart Formation, Jameson Land, East Greenland. In: Vertebrate Coprolites. Hunt, et al. (eds.), New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science, Bulletin 57. Niedzwiedzki, G., et al. (2016). An Early Triassic polar predator ecosystem revealed by vertebrate coprolites from the Bulgo Sandstone (Sydney Basin) of southeastern Australia. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 464. Zaton, M., et al. (2015). Coprolites of Late Triassic carnivorous vertebrates of Poland: An integrative approach. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 430. Coprolites - Jurassic Buckland, W. (1829). XII. On the Discovery of Coprolites, or Fossil Faeces, in the Lias at Lyme Regis, and in other Formations. Geol.Trans. 2nd Series, Vol.III. Kietzmann, D.A., et al. (2010). Crustacean microcoprolites from the Upper Jurassic - Lower Cretaceous of the Neuquen Basin, Argentina: Systematics and biostratigraphic implications. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 55(2). Senowbari-Daryan, B., J. Lazăr and I.I. Bucur (2013). Favreina carpathica n.ichnosp. (Crustacean Microcoprolite) from the Middle Jurassic of Rucăr-Bran Zone (Southern Carpathians, Romania). Revista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia, Vol.119, Number 2. Coprolites - Cretaceous Cretaceous Coprolites - Africa/Middle East Senowbari-Daryan, B., et al. (2009). Crustacean microcoprolites from the Upper Cretaceous of Egypt. Revue de Paléobiologie, Genève, 28(2). Cretaceous Coprolites - Asia/Malaysia/Pacific Islands Ghosh, P., et al. (2003). Dinosaur coprolites from the Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) Lameta Formation of India: isotopic and other markers suggest a C3 plant diet. Cretaceous Research, 24 Cretaceous Coprolites - Europe (including Greenland and Siberia) Anagnostakis, S. (2013). Upper Cretaceous coprolites from the Münster Basin (northwestern Germany) - a glimpse into the diet of extinct animals. Masters Thesis - Lund University. Bajdek, P. (2013). Coprolite of a durophagous carnivore from the Upper Cretaceous Godula Beds, Outer Western Carpathians, Poland. Geological Quarterly, 57(2). Mansby, U. (2009). Late Cretaceous coprolites from the Kristianstad Basin, southern Sweden. Bachelors Thesis - Geologiska institutionen Centrum for GeoBiosfarsvetenskap, Lunds universitet. Milàn, J., et al. (2015). First Record of a Vertebrate Coprolite from the Upper Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) Chalk of Stevns Klint, Denmark. Fossil Record 4, New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 67. Vajda, V., et al. (2016). Dietary and environmental implications of Early Cretaceous predatory dinosaur coprolites from Teruel, Spain. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, xxx. (Article in Press) Cretaceous Coprolites - North America Broughton, P.L., F. Simpson and S.H. Whitaker (1978). Late Cretaceous Coprolites from Western Canada. Palaeontology, Vol.21, Part 2. Broughton, P.L., F. Simpson and S.H. Whitaker (1977). Late Cretaceous Coprolites from Southern Saskatchewan: Comments on Excretion Plasticity and Ichnological Nomenclature. Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geology, Vol.25, Number 5. Chin, K., J.H. Hartman and B. Roth (2009). Opportunistic exploitation of dinosaur dung: fossil snails in coprolites from the Upper Cretaceous Two Medicine Formation of Montana. Lethaia, Vol.42. Chin, K., et al. (1998). A king-sized theropod coprolite. Nature, Vol.393. Harrell, S.D. and D.R. Schwimmer (2010). Coprolites of Deinosuchus and Other Crocodylians from the Upper Cretaceous of Western Georgia, USA. In: Crocodyle Tracks and Traces. Milàn, J. et al. (eds.), New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science, Bulletin 51. Hollocher, K.T., T.C. Hollocher and J.K. Rigby (2010). A Phosphatic Coprolite Lacking Diagenetic Permineralization from the Upper Cretaceous Hell Creek Formation, Northeastern Montana: Importance of Dietary Calcium Phosphate in Preservation. Palaios, Vol.25(2). Mahaney, W.C., et al. (2012). Coprolites from the Cretaceous Bearpaw Formation of Saskatchewan. Cretaceous Research, xxx. (Article in Press). Schwimmer, D.R., R.E. Weems and A.E. Sanders (2015). A Late Cretaceous Shark Coprolite With Baby Freshwater Turtle Vertebrae Inclusions. Palaios, Vol.30. Suazo, T.L., et al. (2012). Coprolites Across the Cretaceous/Tertiary Boundary, San Juan Basin, New Mexico. In: Vertebrate Coprolites. Hunt, et al. (eds.), New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science, Bulletin 57. Sullivan, R.M. and S.E. Jasinski (2012). Coprolites from the Upper Cretaceous Fruitland, Kirtland and Ojo Alamo Formations, San Juan Basin, New Mexico. In: Vertebrate Coprolites. Hunt, et al. (eds.), New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science, Bulletin 57. General Cretaceous Coprolites Poinar, G. and A.J. Boucot (2006). Evidence of intestinal parasites of dinosaurs. Parasitology, 133. Coprolites - Paleocene Milan, J. (2010). Coprolites from the Danian Limestone (Lower Paleocene) of Faxe Quarry, Denmark. In: Crocodyle tracks and traces. Milan, J., et al. (eds.), New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science, Bulletin 51. Milan, J. and A.P. Hunt (2016). Daniacopros hofstedtae, Ichnogen. et Ichnosp.nov., A New Vertebrate Coprolite Ichnotaxon from the Lower Danian Stevns Klint Formation of the Hammelev Limestone Quarry, Denmark. In: Fossil Record 5. Sullivan, R.M. and S.G. Lucas (eds.), New Mexico Museum of Natural History, Bulletin 74. Coprolites - Eocene Diedrich, C.G. and H. Felker (2012). Middle Eocene Shark Coprolites from Shallow Marine and Deltaic Coasts of the Pre-North Sea Basin in Central Europe. In: Vertebrate Coprolites. Hunt, et al. (eds.), New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science, Bulletin 57. Lucas, S.G., et al. (2012). Crocodylian Coprolites from the Eocene of the Zaysan Basin, Kazakstan. In: Vertebrate Coprolites. Hunt, et al. (eds.), New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science, Bulletin 57. Robin, N., et al. (2016). Scale insect larvae preserved in vertebrate coprolites (Le Quesnoy, France, Lower Eocene): paleoecological insights. Sci.Nat., 103: 85. Coprolites - Miocene Godfrey, S.J. and J.B. Smith (2010). Shark-bitten vertebrate coprolites from the Miocene of Maryland. Naturwissenschaften, 97. Pesquero, M.D., et al. (2014). Calcium phosphate preservation of faecal bacteria negative moulds in hyaena coprolites. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 59(4). Sharma, K.M. and R. Patnaik (2010). Coprolites from the lower Miocene Baripada beds of Orissa. Current Science, Vol.99, Number 6. Coprolites - Pliocene Harrison, T. (2011). Chapter 14. Coprolites: Taphonomic and Paleoecological Implications. In: Paleontology and Geology of Laetoli: Human Evolution in Context. Volume 1: Geology, Geochronolgy, Paleoecology and Paleoenvironment. Harrison, T. (ed.), Vertebrate Paleobiology and Paleoanthropology, Springer Science + Business Media B.V. Hunt, A.P., S.G. Lucas and A.J. Lichtig (2015). A Helical Coprolite from the Red Crag Formation (Plio-Pleistocene) of England. In: Fossil Record 4. Sullivan, R.M. and S.G. Lucas (eds.) New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science, Bulletin 67. Coprolites - Pleistocene Pleistocene Coprolites - Africa/Middle East Bamford, M.K., et al. (2010). Botanical remains from a coprolite from the Pleistocene hominin site of Malapa, Sterkfontein Valley, South Africa. Palaeont.afr., 45. Carrión, J.S., et al. (2000). Palynology and palaeoenvironment of Pleistocene hyaena coprolites from an open-air site at Oyster Bay, Eastern Cape coast, South Africa. South African Journal of Science, 96. Djamali, M., et al. (2011). Pollen analysis from coprolites from a late Pleistocene-Holocene cave deposit (Wezmeh Cave, west Iran): insights into the late Pleistocene and late Holocene vegetation and flora of the central Zagros Mountains. Journal of Archaeological Science, 38. Scott, L., E. Marais and G.A. Brook (2004). Fossil hyrax dung and evidence of Late Pleistocene and Holocene vegetation types in the Namib Desert. Journal of Quaternary Science, 19(8). Pleistocene Coprolites - Australia/New Zealand Wood, J.R. and J.M. Wilmshurst (2014). Late Quaternary terrestrial vertebrate coprolites from New Zealand. Quaternary Science Reviews, 98. Wood, J.R. and J.M. Wilmshurst (2013). Pollen analysis from coprolites reveals dietary details of heavy-footed moa (Pachyornis elephantopus) and coastal moa (Euryapteryx curtus) from Central Otago. New Zealand Journal of Ecology, 37(1). Pleistocene Coprolites - Europe (including Greenland and Siberia) Alcover, J.A., et al. (1999). The diet of Myotragus balearicus Bate, 1909 (Artiodactyla: Caprinae), an extinct bovid from the Balearic Islands: evidence from coprolites. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 66. Argant, J. and V. Demitrijevic (2007). Pollen analyses of Pleistocene hyaena coprolites from Montenegro and Serbia. Annales Geologiques de la Peninsule Balkanique, 68. Carrión, J.S., et al. (2007). Pleistocene landscapes in central Iberia inferred from pollen analysis of hyena coprolites. Journal of Quaternary Science, 22(2). Carrión, J.S., et al. (2005). Palynology of badger coprolites from central Spain. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 226. Sanz, M., et al. (2016). Not only hyenids: A multi-scale analysis of Upper Pleistocene carnivore coprolites in Cova del Coll Verdaguer (NE Iberian Peninsula). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 443. Reumer, J., D. Mol and W. Borst (2010). The first Late Pleistocene coprolite of Crocuta crocuta spelaea from the North Sea. DEINSEA, 14. Welker, F., et al. (2014). Analysis of coprolites from the extinct mountain goat Myotragus balearicus. Quaternary Research, 81. Pleistocene Coprolites - North America Gill, F.L., et al. (2009). Lipid analysis of a ground sloth coprolite. Quaternary Research, 72. Poinar, H., et al. (2003). Nuclear Gene Sequences from a Late Pleistocene Sloth Coprolite. Current Biology, Vol.13. General Pleistocene Coprolites Bon, C., et al. (2012). Coprolites as a source of information on the genome and diet of the cave hyena. Proc.R.Soc. B, Published online. General Coprolites (Feces) Chame, M. (2003). Terrestrial Mammal Feces: a Morphometric Study and Description. Mem.Inst.Oswaldo Cruz, Vol.98(Suppl.1). Chase, B.M., et al. (2012). Rock hyrax middens: a palaeoenvironmental archive for southern African drylands. Quaternary Science Reviews, 56. Chin, K. (2002). Analysis of Coprolites Produced by Carnivorous Vertebrates. Paleontological Society Papers, Vol.8. Duffin, C.J. (2009). "Records of warfare...embalmed in the everlasting hills": a History of Early Coprolite Research. Mercian Geologist, 17(2). Hunt, A.P. and S.G. Lucas (2013). The Significance of Vertebrate Coprolites in Late Paleozoic (and Younger) Lagerstatten. In: The Carboniferous-Permian Transition. Lucas, S.G., et al. (eds.). New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science, Bulletin 60. Hunt, A.P. and S.G. Lucas (2012). Classification of Vertebrate Coprolites and Related Trace Fossils. In: Vertebrate Coprolites. Hunt, et al. (eds.), New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science, Bulletin 57. Hunt, A.P. and S.G. Lucas (2012). Descriptive Terminology of Coprolites and Recent Feces. In: Vertebrate Coprolites. Hunt, et al. (eds). New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science, Bulletin 57. Hunt, A.P. and S.G. Lucas (2012). A Bromalite Collection at the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution), With Descriptions of New Ichnotaxa and Notes on Other Significant Coprolite Collections. In: Vertebrate Coprolites. Hunt, et al. (eds.) New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science, Bulletin 57. Hunt, A.P., et al. (2012). Vertebrate Coprolite Studies: Status and Prospectus. In: Vertebrate Coprolites. Hunt, et al. (eds.), New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science, Bulletin 57. Hunt, A.P., et al. (2012). Vertebrate Coprolites and Other Bromalites in National Park Service Areas. In: Vertebrate Coprolites. Hunt, et al. (eds.), New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science, Bulletin 57. Johnson, K.L., et al. (2008). A Tick from a Prehistoric Arizona Coprolite. The Journal of Parasitology, Vol.94, Number 1. Kulkarni, K.G. and R. Panchang (2015). New Insights into Polychaete Traces and Fecal Pellets: Another Complex Ichnotaxon? PLoS ONE, 10(10). (Thanks to doushantuo for finding this one!) McAllister, J.A. (1985). Reevaluation of the Formation of Spiral Coprolites. The University of Kansas Paleontological Contributions, Paper 114. Rawlence, N.J., et al. (2016). Dietary interpretations for extinct megafauna using coprolites, intestinal contents and stable isotopes: Complementary or contradictory? Quaternary Science Reviews, 142. Reinhard, K.J. and V.M. Bryant (1992). Coprolite Analysis: A Biological Perspective on Archaeology. 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Eu vi esse fóssil ovo de dinossauro, e eu estou querendo saber se é real. Por favor, eu gostaria que seus pensamentos sobre este assunto! Obrigado a todos que pode me ajudar!

Whole dinosaur eggs are highly sought-after fossils. The ones usually available to collectors are Hadrosaur eggs, Oviraptor eggs and Segnosaur eggs from China. This thread deals specifically with hadrosaur eggs. Hadrosaur eggs (Dendroolithus sp.) as we know from the market are in fact various dinosaur species, often hadrosaurid (many collectors/dealers lack the tools or discipline to examine eggshells under microscopes or have accredited museums examine them). Commercially available eggs vary greatly in price, anything from 150 USD to 1,500 USD depending on quality, size, hatched/unhatched and prep work. They usually range from 3.5 inches to 7 inches in diameter, and are mostly hatched types (which means the egg is in fact empty. If you prep out the bottom matrix, chances are it's hollow). However, hadrosaur eggs are also one of the most commonly faked, or mistaken fossils in the world. Anything from pieces of rock, pebbles, septarian nodules, concretions, or even chemically-etched objects are sold as eggs. There are several online right now. Here are examples of false hadrosaur eggs we often see in the market. Here are examples of partial/composite hadrosaur eggs (Note these ones are real to an extent. They can be a more economical choice as long as you know what you are getting).

Found these online. I suspect they're fakes. Beware. Not surprising if they are fake, besides, they're from China. (not saying that all fossils being sold from China are fake.)

Some of you may know me to be an avid dinosaur-egg collector. Sadly, most eggs these days come only from China or European countries. Recently, I was lucky enough to acquire a North American dinosaur egg - A Maiasaura peeblesorum egg from Browning, Montana. This hatched egg dates to the late Cretaceous, and is inflated unlike other eggs from that area. Maiasaura is the very picture of motherly dinosaurs and nesting behavior; this egg is thus one of my favorite fossils.

Hello fellow dinosaur enthusiasts! I'm currently bidding on a what they say is an Segnosaurus egg on a website. I contacted the person and she said he bought it years ago also on a website. Now is the thing she doesn't have an proof of authentication and if I look around the internet all the other Segnosaurus eggs have more smooth shells. But this might be that it was found in a different type of soil. According to her the egg was found in Xixia, China. I hope one of you guys can shed a light on this if this is an authentic egg or not.

I think I discovered what looks like a fossilized egg. I have included a few pics, hope they help with an ID! Thanks in advance

hi guys i love to hunt fossils and minerals, found this peculiar egg? help identify, if you need more info or pics, thanks

Egg came from China (unfortunately I don't have a specific area). It came from the Cretaceous time period. Dimensions (Length x Width x height) The fossil is 12cm (~5in) x 10cm (~4in) x 10cm and weighs 2.5kg. I'm not sure what kind of species this came from however I'm curious if anyone can tell me from the pictures. Either way I'm glad I have a fossil egg of some kind even though I may not know what species it is. (I'm also I little worried that it may not be an egg at all as people do mistake fossil eggs quite commonly. However I can get a full refund so no worries).

I just acquired what looks to be a very unusual egg. This single egg comes detached from a clutch of upright eggs in an antique shop in Singapore; owner would not reveal where it origins from. The egg is white, and covered in reddish-sand matrix that can be scrapped off with a needle. This egg measures 7.66 cm long (I lack measurement of the nest, owner wouldn't let me take more pics). My first thought were that these are Troodon eggs, as "upright eggs" are a characteristic of troodon eggs as far as I know. 1) Thomas(Tom) Kapitany said these looks like it came from China. He didn't personally give it an ID, but mentioned he had seen these identified as Protoceratops before. 2) Seth Sorenson said there's no way to confirm it as Troodon without skeletal material, but he said they look like small ceratopsian eggs to him. He also mentioned Protoceratops eggs have been found in standing clutches before. 3) Laogao, a fossil egg expert from China said this looks like Troodon eggs from Henan. 4) Dr. Kenneth Carpenter said these are most likely theropod eggs of the Elongatoolithus(egg oogenera) family. Without microscopic examination or confirmation of their origin, he could not give any further identification though. With such little information, I am aware there's no way to give a definitive ID of the dinosaur that laid these eggs. I'd still like to ask for your opinions though on what you believe this egg might be.

I saw a clutch of eggs today in a local flea market and took a look at it and saw quite an interesting texture on it. I have seen pictures and handled a few Hadrosaur eggs before, and I am not familiar with this kind of texture and feel and so I took a few photos to share to ask some egg experts here if this is common for a Hadrosaur Egg to look like this? Or is the specimen possibly a fake? Here are the pictures of the specimen:

A gentleman gave me this object and claimed it was a dinosaur egg fossil he found on his property in TN. It doesn't appear to be any type of geode I have ever seen, but i'm unsure if it is in fact a dino egg.