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This fossil with faint triangular outline is covered in a bryozoan was found in the Pennsylvanian Naco Fm. near Kohl’s Ranch. Is it a flattened conulariid? 2 cm coin for scale.
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Please help ID these Pennsylvanian Naco Formation trace fossils from central Arizona. Help Chris. @Arizona Chris Are the 1 cm wide chevron tracts in photo 3 Cruziana from trilobites? What are the 2.5 - 3 cm long teardrop shaped features in photos 1 and 2? What are the 2.5 - 3 cm long teardrop shaped features in photos 1 and 2? What are the elongated traces 3.5 to 4.5 cm long with length parallel marks in photo 4? From crustaceans?
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I found this while hiking north of Payson, AZ, by the Tonto National Forest. Not sure if it is anything fossil related, looks like a foot with toes or something with teeth, or just a rock. The smaller rock was just used to prop it up for the picture. Thanks for your assistance!
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Looked odd , found them both along roadside very near to my petrified log find ( not implying they are related) your input is greatly appreciated.
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Hi All, any thoughts on these specimens? Location is Roberts Mesa in Gila County, Arizona. (east of Payson) The red coral-like stems were found loosely on the ground very near the red trunk and gray matrix pieces. So I’m making some assumptions that the two are related as they were found maybe within 100 meters of one another. And the red stems above looked similar to the red trunks below of course. My first thoughts are some sort of coral but could they be a sponge instead? I’m assuming all are Naco Formation? Comments welcome. Photo size reference is in inches. cheers, DJ
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Crania Crania modesta is a rare calcium carbonate Pennsylvanian inarticulate brachiopod. The shell is very thin and the ornamentation of the shell below shows through. You can see the interior of a near circular 4.6 by 4.8 mm pedicle valve that attached itself to aLinoproductus prattenianus (photo #1). A bryozoan also covers the front and back of the Linoproductus (photos #2 & #4). Photo #2 is a different photo of the same Crania as in photo #1. The Crania has a thickened rim and a sub central knob. Rowell (1965, p. 289) lists Crania as the only Pennsylvanian genus with a calcified pedicle valve as stated by Sutherland (1973, p. 16). The presence of a large bryozoan colony on the backside of the Linoproductus valve (photo #4) suggests why only the pedicle valve of the Crania was preserved. The entire Linoproductus shell with the Crania and small bryozoan colony on top (photo #2) was flipped over allowing the bryozoan to grow on the other side. The brachial valve dissolved away or was broken off from exposure before it was buried. The brachial valve was probable very thin like the pedicle valve. Taxonomy from GBIF. Photo 3 from plate 11, figure 17 from Mudge 1962. Mudge, M. R., Yochelson, E. L., Douglas, R. C. et al. 1962. Stratigraphy and Paleontology of the Uppermost Pennsylvanian and Lowermost Permian Rocks in Kansas. United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 323:1-213. https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0323/report.pdf Rowell, A. J. 1965. Inarticulata. In: R.C. Moore (ed.), Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Part H. Brachiopoda, H260–H296. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press, Boulder. Sutherland, P. K. and F. H. Harlow. 1973. Pennsylvanian brachiopods and biostratigraphy in southern Sangre de Cristo Mountains, New Mexico. Memoirs of the New Mexico Bureau of Mines and Mineral Resources 27:1–171. Free download: https://geoinfo.nmt.edu/publications/monographs/memoirs/27/ First description in: White, C. A. and St. John, O. H. 1867. Descriptions of new sub-Carboniferous and Coal Mesures fossils collected upon the geological survey of Iowa, together with a notice of new generic characters observed in two species of brachiopods. Transactions of the Chicago Academy of Sciences 1:115-127.
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- arizona
- crania modesta
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While removing an unknown sponge by acid dissolution from the Permian Fort Apache Member of the Schnebly Hill Formation from northern Gila County in Arizona I found several silicified brachiopods with spines. Several Bellaclathrus spinosus brachiopods were present ranging from 0.75 to 1.5 inch across and had spines as long as 1 inch. The pedicle valve of the brachiopod in the first and second photos is about 1 inch wide not including spines. This is the finest specimen with spines that I have found. The third photo shows the brachiopod attached to several others of the same species. Fourth and fifth photos are from Winters 1963 reference below. Taxonomy per Fossilworks: http://fossilworks.org/bridge.pl?a=taxonInfo&taxon_no=27149 Winters, Stephen S. 1963. Supai Formation (Permian) of eastern Arizona. Geological Society of America Memoir 89:1-99.
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- arizona
- bellaclathrus spinosus
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1.75 mm across silicified shell of a microconchid, a possible Lophophorate, that is sometimes referred to as a “worm tube”. It is encrusted on a Caninia coral. Found in the Pennsylvanian Naco Formation limestone from northern Arizona. Two microconchids are visible on the bottom of the lower right hand coral. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microconchida
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A great example of a less common productid brachiopod preserved in calcite from the Kohl’s Ranch Paleo Site also known as the Indian Gardens Paleo Site east of Payson, Arizona. Some workers refer to this as Antiquatonia portlockianus. References: Brew, D., & Beus, S. (1976). A Middle Pennsylvanian Fauna from the Naco Formation near Kohl Ranch, Central Arizona. Journal of Paleontology, 50(5), 888-906. Retrieved October 7, 2020, from http://www.jstor.org/stable/1303586 Norwood, J. C. and Pratten H. 1855. Notice of Producti found in the Western States and Territories, with descriptions of twelve new species. Journal of the Philadelphia Academy of Natural Sciences 111(1):5-22.
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Alternate title: I found Pennsylvanian fossilized Sesame Wasa Crispbread; is it safe to eat? I have visited the Pennsylvanian Naco Formation east of Payson, Arizona several times this long hot summer and found some interesting sponges. My most interesting find was this 5 cm wide sponge that looked almost exactly like a Wasa Crispbread with sesame seeds on top. I was about to nickname it a Wasa sponge until I found out that it had a genus name: Stioderma. Pennsylvanian Desmoinian Stioderma occur in Texas. Link It is amazing how many fossils I have identified from the Pennsylvanian Naco Formation by reading references from fossils found in Texas and Oklahoma: thanks. link to Collections I found a new 5 cm sponge that sort of looks like a horn coral, but it has spicules. The area contained the usual suspects such as this 165 mm long Wewokella solida Link. and this 50 mm Chaunactis olsoni that the Arizona Museum of Natural History expresses interest in and hopefully will get it.
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Stioderma coscinum from Rigby and Mapes 2000. Sponges are common in the Pennsylvanian Naco Formation of central Arizona. A friend and I collected pieces of Stioderma sponges near Roberts Mesa. Stioderma sponges have a set of very distinctive features that make an ID much easier than other Arizona sponges. They have spicules that are distally modified into layered rounded pustules that are set atop a surface with funnel shaped holes. My sponge has an edge that curves under and is covered with pustules. Further research might reveal what species they are. Stioderma genus erected by Finks: Finks, Robert M. (1960). Late Paleozoic sponge faunas of the Texas region: The siliceous sponges. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 120(1):1-160 found at http://digitallibrary.amnh.org/handle/2246/1220 Stioderma coscinum found in Desmoinian Age Millsap Lake Formation in Texas: Rigby, J. K. and Mapes, R. H. 2000. Some Pennsylvanian and Permian sponges from southwestern Oklahoma and north-central Texas. Brigham Young University Geology Studies, v. 45, p. 25–67. http://geology.byu.edu/Home/sites/default/files/geo_stud_vol_45_rigby_mapes.pdf Spanish Stioderma: Diego C. García-Bellido, & Rigby, J. (2004). Devonian and Carboniferous Sponges from Spain. Journal of Paleontology, 78(3), 431-455. Retrieved September 30, 2020, from http://www.jstor.org/stable/4094858
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This is the largest Wewokella solida that I have found from the Pennsylvanian Naco Formation in Arizona. It is a thick-walled, sub-cylindrical, hollow sponge with simple mostly 4 to 2 pointed spicules. It is differentiated from the related Regispongia genus that has spicules with many more points, polyactine. Sponge is found from the Middle Pennsylvanian to the Early Permian in Arizona, Texas, Oklahoma, Utah, Ohio and maybe New Mexico. Description from Girty: “WEWOKELLA SOLIDA Girty. Plate I, figures 12-13b. 1911. Wewokella solida. Girty, New York Acad. Sci. Annals, vol. 21, p. 121. Wewoka formation: Coalgate quadrangle, Okla. Sponge body irregularly cylindrical, attaining a diameter of at least 25 millimeters. The center is occupied by a large tubular cloaca, the walls being about 7 millimeters thick and showing no evidence of being pierced by radial canals. A dermal layer, if originally present, has been lost. The walls are now made up of large spicules, which are doubtless typically 4-rayed, with one of the rays more or less reduced. Some of the others are perhaps aborted, so that many of the spicules seem to be irregularly branched. They are so interwoven as to make up a wall having considerable rigidity to augment which they may be partly cemented, although it is doubtful if they anastomose. The structure, then, though extremely varied in detail, makes on the whole a homogeneous wall which is apparently the same on the inside as on the outside. Among the large spicules are other much smaller tetraxons. Horizon and locality. Wewoka formation: Coalgate quadrangle, Okla. (station 2004).” Girty, G. H. 1911. On some new genera and species of Pennsylvanian fossils from the Wewoka Formation of Oklahoma. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 21:119-156. Link Redescription of Wewokella and creation of new related genus with polyactine spicules: Rigby, J. (1978). Two Wewokellid Calcareous Sponges in North America. Journal of Paleontology, 52(3), 705-716. Most recent paper describing Wewokella with good pictures: Rigby, J. K. and Mapes, R. H. 2000. Some Pennsylvanian and Permian sponges from southwestern Oklahoma and north-central Texas. Brigham Young University Geology Studies, v. 45, p. 25–67, 6 pls., 6 figs. Link They are found in Texas: Rigby, J. & McKinzie, Mark & Britt, Brooks. (2008). Pennsylvanian Sponges from the Graford Formation, Wise County, Texas. Journal of Paleontology - J PALEONTOL. 82. 492-510. 10.1666/07-060.1. PALEONTOL. 82. 492-510. 10.1666/07-060.1. Girty, G. H., 1915. Fauna of the Wewoka Formation of Oklahoma: U.S. Geol. Surv. Bull. 544:1-353.
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Michelinia is a less common, but widely distributed coral in the Pennsylvanian Naco Formation in north central Arizona. The coral lacks noticeable septa and has tabulae that are often convex upward. Dozens of silicified colonies ranging from less than 1 cm to 25 cm across were found in a several meter square area with several species of brachiopods, horn corals and crinoid stems. Mindat: https://www.mindat.org/taxon-3250564.html
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While removing out an unknown 2 inch long sponge from the Permian Fort Apache Member of the Schnebly Hill Formation from northern Gila County in Arizona I found several silicified brachiopods with spines. Several Bellaclathrus spinosus brachiopods were present ranging from 0.75 to 1.5 inch across and had spines as long as 1 inch. Thankfully some sort of sudden but gentle event buried the sponge and brachiopods preserving them for me to uncover.
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- arizona
- bellaclathrus spinosus
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A few days ago I found a very productive fossil site in the Pennsylvanian Naco Formation in central Arizona. I went up to look at an interesting new track site in the Permian Coconino Sandstone NE of Payson that was found by a friend and is being studied by the prolific Spencer Lucas from New Mexico. Link The Naco Formation site that I just found, has the most diversity of sponges of any Naco site to date. It also has lots of large brachiopods. Photo 1 shows a 3.4881 × 10-18 light years (3.3 cm) long Composita subtilita brachiopod, the largest that I have seen. Photo 2: impression of exterior of a brachial brachiopod valve with spines now shown as holes (probably Exhinaria semipunctata). Shell about 5 cm wide. Photo 3: there were lots of Antiquatonia portlockiana brachiopods. This one is 5 cm across. Photo 4: impression of the exterior of a 3 cm brachiopod brachial valve. Note molds of spines below. Photo 5: this is the longest horn coral that I have ever seen from the Naco. It is 18 cm long. I am guessing that it is a Caninia sp. Photo 6: this is the largest “spiky ball sponge” that I ever have seen from the Naco. 1.7cm across. I only find them as singles in the rock or eroded out pieces that occur by the dozens in a small area. Literature hints that they might be sponges spicules. I am beginning to wonder if they are not an entire sponge or another creature altogether. I have yet to see a spicule that has crosspieces or ridges close to the center of the ball where the spikes attach. Photo 7: here is the pièce de résistance, a giant 10 cm Wewokella sponge that only a friend has found at another site and originally identified his as a coral. I said that his was a sponge. Wewokella have spicules with an average of 3 or 4 points unlike the Regispongia of similar appearance. Link Detail of above sponge. Note spicule shape. Photo 8: a 7 cm “dot sponge” of unknown affinity. They are somewhat common in the Naco. Photo 9: a small 1.5 cm disk shaped sponge with straight radiating spines. It might be a Belemnospongia. Photo 10: there are lots of flat chert masses that contain lots of straight sponges spines, probably from a single collapsed unidentified sponge.
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I found this 4.75 inch long silicified sponge? branch after dissolving a large piece of the Permian (Leonardian) Fort Apache Limestone from the Schnebly Hill Formation east of Payson, Arizona in four gallons of pool acid. Only about five percent of the fossil was exposed. The outer part is denser than the sometimes nearly hollow interior. One cross section shows two tubular structures with denser edges. No organized patterns suggesting a bryozoa or coral branch are present. Do you think that this is a piece of a branching sponge? Top photo: cross section is 1 inch. @Arizona Chris Branch is 4.75 inches long. Bottom photo: cross section is 0.5 inch across.
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Here are photos of two trips taken to look for Paleozoic fossils in northern Gila County in northern Arizona. Daily thunderstorms and plentiful shade made the 90 deg. + temperatures bearable. I ran into TFF member ArizonaChris while in the area. In the Martin Formation I found interesting stromatoporoids, now determined to be sponges, that were important reef forming organisms during the Late Devonian. Pine needles for scale. Here are some silicified Martin Formation brachiopods. Nearby are many caves and sinks in the fossiliferous limestones of the Martin and Redwall Formations: up to 100 miles of passages according to a caver. The first one is full of junk metal including two cars. Any idea what the cars are? Here is Tin Can Sink. To be continued.
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- arizona
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This is a common brachiopod found in the Naco Formation Limestone that crops out below the Mogollon Rim in central Arizona.
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