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Any more information on the apparent Ctenacanthiform genus Pyknotylacanthus from the Early Triassic
Joseph Fossil posted a topic in General Fossil Discussion
I've recently heard about a Ctenacanthiform genus named Pyknotylacanthus from the Triassic of what is now Nevada and Idaho. The Ctenacanthiform genus consists of two species (P. spathianus and P. humboldtensis). What makes this genus so interesting is that while I've mostly heard that there is a gap in the fossil record between Permian and the Cretaceous where Ctenacanthiform fossils are recorded, this genus bridges that gap (if only by a little bit). G. Guinot, et al. (2013). Cretaceous stem chondrichthyans survived the end-Permian mass extinction. Nature Communication. 4:2669 doi: 10.1038/ncomms3669 https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms3669 P. Davidson (1919). A cestraciont spine from the Middle Triassic of Nevada. University of California Publications, Bulletin of the Department of Geology 11(4): 433-435 R. J. Mutter and H. Rieber. (2005). Pyknotylacanthus spathianus gen et sp nov, a new ctenacathoid from the Early Triassic of Bear Lake (Idaho, USA). Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia 8(2): 139-148 There is also more recently another unnamed Ctenacanthiform recorded from the Triassic Arrow Rock section of the Oruatemanu Formation of New Zealand (this record also somewhat bridges the Permian-Cretaceous gap in Ctenacanthiform records). Grant-Mackie, & Yamakita, Satoshi & Matsumoto, & Hori, Rie & Takemura, & Aita, Yoshiaki & Takahashi, Satoshi & Campbell, Hamish. (2014). A probable shark dorsal fin spine fragment from the Early Triassic of the Arrow Rocks sequence, Whangaroa, northern New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics. 57. 10.1080/00288306.2014.889722. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/265606171_A_probable_shark_dorsal_fin_spine_fragment_from_the_Early_Triassic_of_the_Arrow_Rocks_sequence_Whangaroa_northern_New_Zealand Iris Feichtinger, Andrea Engelbrecht, Alexander Lukeneder & Jürgen Kriwet (2020). New chondrichthyans characterised by cladodont-like tooth morphologies from the Early Cretaceous of Austria, with remarks on the microstructural diversity of enameloid, Historical Biology, 32:6, 823-836, DOI: 10.1080/08912963.2018.1539971 https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/08912963.2018.1539971?journalCode=ghbi20 What I'm really wondering is why has this Ctenacanthiform genus and it's confirmed presence in the Early Triassic been overlooked by most of the public (especially since the discovery of the Cretaceous Ctenacanthioform fossils in Europe in 2013 and 2020)?- 2 replies
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- chondrichyans
- ctenacanthiformes
- (and 7 more)
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Synonym: Zhangina cylindrica Liu, 2002; Plesioperleidus jiangsuensis Qian 1997 From the sediments of the Lower Qinglong Formation, a number of species (Plesioperleidus, Zhangina, Suis, Jurongia, Quingshania, Peia .. ) have been described, which are difficult to distinguish at first sight and are usually traded either as "Plesioperleidus" or as "Lepidotes". Diagnosis for Zhangina jiangsuensis Qian et al., 1997 by Jin et al. p. 182: "Maxilla relatively slender ,length of its post-orbital part approximately 1/ 3 of the maxillary length ; scales smooth , with some exceptions slightly ornamented with ridges and with serrated hinder margin." Line drawing of the head by Jin et al. 2003, p. 174: Identified by oilshale based on head bones, dentition and squamation. References: D. Su (1981) A New Species of Perleidus from Anhui. Vertebrata PalAsiatica 19(2):107-112. MP Qian, SP Zhu, FM Zhao, XD Zhou, R Su & GH Gu (1997) Discovery of Early Triassic fish fossils and its significances in Jurong, Jiangsu Province. Jiangsu Geology 21, 65-71, 1997. Jin, F., Wang, N.Z., Cai, Z.Q., (2003) A revision of the perleidid fishes from the lower Yangtze region of South China-second report on the fish sequence study near the Permian-Triassic boundary in South China. Vertebr. PalAsiatica 41, 181–190 (In Chinese with English abstract). Li, Q.G. (2009) A new parasemionotid-like fish from the Lower Triassic of Jurong, Jiangsu Province, South China. Palaeontology 52, 369–384. Xincheng Qiu, Yaling Xu, Zhong-Qiang Chen, Michael J. Benton, Wen Wen, Yuangeng Huang, Siqi Wu (2019) The Early Triassic Jurong fish fauna, South China: Age, anatomy, taphonomy, and global correlation. Global and Planetary Change, Volume 180, 33-50.
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- induan
- qinglong formation
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Taxonomy from Fossilworks.org. Synonyms: Perleidus eurylepidotrichia Liu 2002, Perleidus yangtzensis Su 1981. From the sediments of the Lower Qinglong Formation, a number of species (Plesioperleidus, Zhangina, Suis, Jurongia, Quingshania, Peia .. ) have been described, which are difficult to distinguish at first sight and are usually traded either as "Plesioperleidus" or as "Lepidotes". Diagnosis for Zhangina yangtzensis (Su, 1981): "Maxilla relatively short and broad, length of its post-orbital part approximately 2/ 5 of the maxillary length; scales well ornamented with ridges and their hinder margin serrated." Line drawing from Jin et al. 2003, p. 177: Identified by oilshale based on the head bones and the characteristic serrated and ornamented scales. References: D. Su (1981) A New Species of Perleidus from Anhui. Vertebrata PalAsiatica 19(2):107-112. MP Qian, SP Zhu, FM Zhao, XD Zhou, R Su & GH Gu (1997) Discovery of Early Triassic fish fossils and its significances in Jurong, Jiangsu Province. Jiangsu Geology 21, 65-71, 1997. Jin, F., Wang, N.Z., Cai, Z.Q. (2003) A revision of the perleidid fishes from the lower Yangtze region of South China-second report on the fish sequence study near the Permian-Triassic boundary in South China. Vertebr. PalAsiatica 41, 181–190 (In Chinese with English abstract). Li, Q.G. (2009) A new parasemionotid-like fish from the Lower Triassic of Jurong, Jiangsu Province, South China. Palaeontology 52, 369–384. Xincheng Qiu, Yaling Xu, Zhong-Qiang Chen, Michael J. Benton, Wen Wen, Yuangeng Huang, Siqi Wu (2019) The Early Triassic Jurong fish fauna, South China: Age, anatomy, taphonomy, and global correlation. Global and Planetary Change, Volume 180, 33-50.