Finished this today. Initially I was going to extract the vert and have it without matrix and then I saw the stunning crinoid bits, I love the pentacrinites stars. Found two ribs too so that was a real bonus. While the vert was easy to remove matrix from, it just pinged off, strangely to me at least the larger bone was sticky. There is a bit of matrix still on it but I've added some acrylic ink so it doesn't stand out too much. A light coat of Paraloid (10%ish) was added to all but the vert.

some of the fossils i find within the lusitan Basin and other deposits. hope you enjoy

Hello, I found this tooth in a jurassic formation (tithonian) in Torres Vedras - Portugal. It's the first time I found a tooth like this. I don't know if it's croc or maybe pliosaurus?

Hi I found this the other day in a jurassic/cretaceous formation in valencia (spain) but I,m not sure if it's a worn out ammonite or something else. Any ideas? Thanks for your help! it came from inside a rock like this one, as you can see there are pseudogrammoceras and other marine fossils:

Volcanic eruptions triggered dawn of the dinosaurs (Huge pulses of volcanic activity are likely to have played a key role in triggering the end Triassic mass extinction, which set the scene for the rise and age of the dinosaurs, new Oxford University research has found.) http://www.heritagedaily.com/2017/06/volcanic-eruptions-triggered-dawn-dinosaurs/115652 https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2017/06/170619151530.htm Dinosaurs got an evolutionary assist from huge volcanic eruptions by Mary Beth Griggs Popular Science http://www.popsci.com/volcanic-eruptions-dinosaur-evolution The paper is: Lawrence M. E. Percival, Micha Ruhl, Stephen P. Hesselbo, Hugh C. Jenkyns, Tamsin A. Mather, and essica H. Whiteside. Mercury evidence for pulsed volcanism during the end-Triassic mass extinction. PNAS, June 2017 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1705378114 http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2017/06/13/1705378114 Yours, Paul H.

New data for old bones: How the famous Cleveland-Lloyd dinosaur bone bed came to be June 6, 2017 https://phys.org/news/2017-06-bones-famous-cleveland-lloyd-dinosaur-bone.html Joseph E. Peterson, Jonathan P. Warnock, Shawn L. Eberhart, Steven R. Clawson & Christopher R. Noto (2017) New data towards the development of a comprehensive taphonomic framework for the Late Jurassic Cleveland-Lloyd Dinosaur Quarry, Central Utah. PeerJ 5:e3368 doi: https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.3368 https://peerj.com/articles/3368/ Yours, Paul H.

Thrissops formosus, a member of the family Ichthyodectidae (literally "fish-biters"), was a swift-swimming predatory fish with streamlined body and deeply clefted caudal fin from the Lithographic Limestone deposits around Solnhofen, Germany. Dorsal and anal fins are broad based and attached behind the body's midpoint. The anal fin is diagonally attached slightly before the dorsal fin.

Hi all, I got those ammonites from @cheney416 in a blind trade. They come from Morocco, but the exact location is unknown. Apparently they are from the Bajocian stage of the Jurassic; 170 mya), but I can't find any Jurassic locations in Morocco containing ammonites... Does anyone know what species these are, and what location they could come from? Thanks, Max

Identified by Prof Wang Yuan, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Beijing with the following remarks: 'The phalangeal formula for Chunerpeton is variable. This specimen falls in the range as I observed hundreds of specimens of this genus and species. One problem is that, as I noted in the last email, Gao and Shubin (2012) named Beiyanerpeton jianpingensis but it is actually a Chunerpeton by my judgement. The salamander you send to me should be from the same region, but a different quarry as "Beiyanerpeton".' The white mass next to the mouth seems to be either a regurgitate or a coprolite. Lit.: K.-Q. Gao and N. H. Shubin. 2003. Earliest known crown-group salamanders. Nature 422:424-428 Yuan Wang, Liping Dong1 & Susan E. Evans (2014) Polydactyly and other limb abnormalities in the Jurassic salamander Chunerpeton from China.Palaeobio Palaeoenv DOI 10.1007/s12549-015-0219-7

I found some great stuff yesterday, but I'm stumped with this one. It is a two dimensional stain in the clay, there are three pieces of it, and I think it is perhaps a burrow, or a trace fossil of some kind. I've seen things I thought were burrows before, but they didn't look like this, so perhaps I was wrong in those instances? Or a different type of burrow. It's a very dark circular mark in the clay. The images without a scale are taken with my microscope camera. ETA Forgot the important bit! Oxford Clay, Peterborough Member, lower Jurassic. They've put new clay in the fossil hunting area, and I'm unsure which layer this is.

Archaeopteryx

I picked this up a year ago as it is convex on both sides and looks a bit like a vertebra. It's from the Jurassic Callovian Lower Oxford Clay at Yaxley, and a year on I still can't decide if it's just a suggestively shaped rock or a very worn vertebra. It's really hard to show the convex shape in the photos. ETA: I meant concave, not convex

invalid names: Gyronchus gibbosus; Eomesodon gibbosus Lit.: Poyato-Ariza, F. J. & Wenz, S. (2004) The new pycnodontid fish genus Turbomesodon, and a revision of Macromesodon based on new material from the Lower Cretaceous of Las Hoyas, Cuenca, Spain. Mesozoic Fishes 3 - Systematics, Paleoenvironments and Biodiversity, G. Arratia & A. Tintori (eds.): pp. 341-378,15 figs., 1 tab., 3 apps. © 2004 by Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, München, Germany - ISBN 3-89937-053-8

Hi guys/gals found this today after an unproductive hunt, possibly an Ichthyosaur paddle cross section concretion, anybody confirm this ? Thanks.

Lit.: Liu et al. (2011): Pronemouridae fam. nov. (Insecta: Plecoptera), the stem group of Nemouridae and Notonemouridae, from the Middle Jurassic of Inner Mongolia, China. Palaeontology, Vol. 54, Part 4, 2011, pp. 923–933. Liu, Ren, Sinitshenkova & Shih (2006) A new Middle Jurassic stonefly from Daohugou, Inner Mongolia, China (Insecta: Plecoptera)  Annales Zoologici 56(3):549-554. Liu, Shih & Ren. 2010. In Ren, Shih, Zhao & Y Zhao. Silent Stories - Insect Fossil Treasures from Dinosaur era of the Northeastern China 65

When most collectors think about North American Camarasaurus specimens localities in Utah and Wyoming come to mind. The attached paper describes a specimen from central Montana that is the most northern occurrence of this sauropod, pretty cool. Woodruff DC, Foster JR (2017) The first specimen of Camarasaurus (Dinosauria: Sauropoda) from Montana: The northernmost occurrence of the genus. PLoS ONE 12(5): e0177423. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0177423 http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0177423

JiLucastoroca06)shortSCIENCE.pdf Remarkable slip by the editors: "brand-and-bound" search. Dentition,ecology,cladistics

Hi everyone, Althought I,m a big fan of paleontology I,m still new in this world and sometimes I,m not sure about what I find. I go fossil hunting to a mountain in Valencia, Spain, where I usually find some kinds of ammonites and belemnites. As far as I know the strats in that mountain are jurassic/cretaceous. The other day I found this but I,m not sure if it's a fossil or just a weird rock formation. Any ideas? Thanks for your help!

Hello everyone, Today I was going through all my older fossils, and I found this in my box of ammonites. Obviously this isn't one, and I must have put it in that box by mistake. It looks a lot like a coprolite to me, but I have no clue from what animal. Unfortunately I don't remember anymore where I found it. There are two possibilities: either from Lyme Regis (UK), or from one of the Cretaceous beaches on the Isle of Wight. Any clue to what it could be, and maybe what location? Best regards, Max

From Wikipedia: "Members of the order are distinguished by possessing two dorsal fins, an anal fin, five gill slits, eyes without nicititating membranes, and a mouth extending behind the eyes. Also, unlike other sharks, they maintain a higher body temperature than the surrounding water". Lit.: DETLEV THIES & ARMIN LEIDNER (2011) Sharks and guitarfishes (Elasmobranchii) from the Late Jurassic of Europe. Palaeodiversity 4: 63–184; Stuttgart, 30 December 2011. (version with low resolution, but still 16MB to download)

Just got back from a weeklong trip to Southern Germany in pursuit of ammonites and other Jurassic marine fossil fauna. Accompanied by my fellow collector, Ralph and his friend, Aza we arrived at the Zurich airport and headed straight to Lake Constance and the home of TFF member Roger (Ludwigia) to observe his incredible collection and receive advice about collecting spots in southern Germany. Fortunately, I'm fluent in Canadian. This is Aza, Roger, and Ralph at Roger's home:

These are a few of the pdf files (and a few Microsoft Word documents) that I've accumulated in my web browsing. MOST of these are hyperlinked to their source. If you want one that is not hyperlinked or if the link isn't working, e-mail me at joegallo1954@gmail.com and I'll be happy to send it to you. Please note that this list will be updated continuously as I find more available resources. All of these files are freely available on the Internet so there should be no copyright issues. Articles with author names in RED are new additions since May 22, 2017. Phylum Mollusca Class Cephalopoda - Ammonites, Nautiloids and Their Allies. Jurassic Africa/Middle East Bahrouni, N., et al. (2016). Discovery of Jurassic ammonite-bearing series in Jebel Bou Hedma (South-Central Tunisian Atlas): Implications for stratigraphic correlations and paleogeographic reconstruction. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 113. Howarth, M.K. (1992). Tithonian and Berriasian Ammonites from the Chia Gara Formation in Northern Iraq. Palaeontology, Vol.35, Part 3. Kapilima, S. (2003). Bajocian Ammonites from the Msata Hill (Lugoba Formation) in the Hinterland of Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. Tanz.J.Sci., Vol.29(2). Majidifard, M.R. (2003). Biostratigraphy, Lithostratigraphy, ammonite taxonomy and microfacies analysis of the Middle and Upper Jurassic of northeastern Iran. Ph.D. Dissertation - Der Bayrischen Julius-Maximilians-Universitat Wurzburg. Sayed-Emami, K., et al. (2008). Lower and Middle Jurassic ammonoids of the Shemshak Group in Alborz, Iran and their palaeobiogeographical and biostratigraphical importance. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 53(2). Wilmsen, M., et al. (2002). Early Jurassic (Sinemurian to Toarcian) ammonites from the central High Atlas (Morocco) between Er-Rachidia and Rich. Revue Paleobiol., Geneve, 21(1). Antarctica Challinor, A.B. and D.C.H. Hikuroa (2007). New Middle and Upper Jurassic Belemnite Assemblages from West Antarctica (Latady Group, Ellsworth Land): Taxonomy and Paleobiogeoraphy. Palaeontologia Electronica, Vol.10, Issue 1. Doyle, P. (1991). Teuthid Cephalopods from the Upper Jurassic of Antarctica. Palaeontology, Vol.34, Part 1. Mutterlose, J. (1986). Upper Jurassic Belemnites from the Orville Coast, Western Antarctica, and their Palaeobiogeographical Significance. Antarct.Surv.Bull., Number 70. Asia/Indonesia/Pacific Islands Alberdi, M., D.K. Pandy and F.T. Fursich (2011). Ammonites of the genus Peltoceratoides Spath, 1924 from the Oxfordian of Kachchh, western India. N.Jb.Geol.Palaont.Abh., published on-line. Challinor, A.B. (1989). The Succession of Belemnopsis in the Late Jurassic of Eastern Indonesia. Palaeontology, Vol.32, Part 3. Iba, Y., S.-i. Sano and J. Mutterlose (2014). The Early Evolutionary History of Belemnites: New Data from Japan. PLoS ONE, 9(5). Iba, Y., et al. (2014). Early Jurassic belemnites from the Gondwana margin of the Southern Hemisphere - Sinemurian record from South Tibet. Gondwana Research, xxx. (Article in press) Krishna, J., et al. (1996). Middle Oxfordian Ammonites (Perisphinctinae) from Kachchh (India): Biostratigraphic and Palaeobiological Implications. Revista Espanola de Paleontologia. Special Edition. Matsukawa, M., et al. (2008). A gigantic ammonite from the Upper Jurassic Arimine Formation of the Tetori Group, Japan. Bulletin of the Tateyama Caldera Sabo Museum, Vol.9. Mitta, V.V. and N.V. Besnosov (2007). Jurassic System Cephalopods. In: Palaeontological Atlas of Phanerozoic Faunas and Floras of Uzbekistan. Vol.II. Kim, K.I., et al. (eds.), Republic of Uzbekstan State Committee on Geology and Mineral Resources. Sato, T. and T. Yamada (2014). A new Oxfordian (Late Jurassic) Ammonite Assemblage from the Arimine Area, southeastern Toyama Prefecture, north Central Japan. Bull.Natl.Mus.Nat.Sci. Series C, 40. Sato, T. and T. Yamada (2005). Early Tithonian (Late Jurassic) Ammonite Parapallasiceras newly discovered from the Itoshiro Subgroup (Tetori Group) in the Hida Belt, northern Central Japan. Proc. Japan Acad., Series B, Vol.81, Number 7. Sato, T., et al. (2008). Newly collected Late Jurassic ammonites from Kurisaka, Tokushima Prefecture, Japan. Bull. Toushima Pref.Mus., Number 18. Schairer, G. and A. Zeiss (1992). First record of Callovian ammonites from West Kalimantan (Middle Jurassic, Kalimantan Barat, Borneo, Indonesia). BMR Journal of Australian Geology & Geophysics, 13. Shome, S. and S. Bardhan (2009). The Genus Umiaites Spath, 1931 (Ammonoidea) from the Tithonian (Late Jurassic) of Kutch, Western India. Palaeontologia Electronica, Vol.12, Issue 1. Stevens, G.R. (1965). A New Belemnite from the Upper Jurassic of Indonesia. Palaeontology, Vol.7, Part 4. Westermann, G.E.G. and W. Yi-Gang (1988). Middle Jurassic Ammonites of Tibet and the Age of the Lower Spiti Shales. Palaeontology, Vol.31, Part 2. Yin, J. (2016). Bathonian-Callovian (Middle Jurassic) ammonites from northwestern Qiangtang Block, Tibet, and the revised age of the Suowa Formation. Proceedings of the Geologists' Association, xxx. (Article in Press) Austalia/New Zealand **No Information Available** Europe (incuding Greenland and Siberia) Arkell, W.J. and J.H. Callomon (1963). Lower Kimeridgian Ammonites from the Drift of Lincolnshire. Palaeontology, Vol.6, part 2. Bardin, J., I. Rouget and F. Cecca (2013). Late Pliensbachian (Early Jurassic) ammonites from Lac de Charmes (Haute-Marne, France): Systematic, biostratigraphy and palaeobiogeography. Geodiversitas, 35(2). Callomon, J.H. (1994). Jurassic ammonite biochronology of Greenland and the Arctic. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark, Vol.41. Callomon, J.H. and J.K. Wright (1989). Cardioceratid and Kosmoceratid Ammonites from the Callovian of Yorkshire. Palaeontology, Vol.32. Part 4. Dera, G., A. Toumoulin and K. de Baets (2016). Diversity and morphological evolution of Jurassic belemnites from South Germany. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 457. Dietze, V. and R.B. Chandler (2008). Parsemileites n.gen., a new genus of the ammonite family Otoitidae Mascke from the Lower Bajocian (Middle Jurassic) of Southern England with new information on the Otoitidae from Southern England. Palaeodiversity, 1. Dietze, V., C. Mangold and R.B. Chandler (2002). Two new species of Berbericeras Roman, 1933 (Morphoceratidae, Ammonitina) from the Zigzag Bed (Lower Bathonian, Zigzag Zone) of Waddon Hill (Broadwindsor, Dorset, Southern England). Stuttgarter Beitr.Naturk., Ser.B, Number 324. Dietze, V., et al. (2014). Aalenian (Middle Jurassic) ammonites and biostratigraphy of the Geisingen clay pit (SW Germany). Palaeodiversity, 7. Dietze, V., et al. (2005). The ammonite fauna and biostratigraphy of the Lower Bajocian (Ovale and Laeviuscula zones) of E Swabia (S Germany). Stuttgarter Beitr.Naturk., Ser.B, Number 353. Dietze, V., et al. (2001). New Stephanoceratids (Ammonitina) from the Lower Bajocian of Bruton (Somerset, S England) and Achdorf (Wutach area, SW Germany). Stuttgarter Beitr.Naturk., Ser.B, Number 312. Doguzhaeva, L.A. (2000). A rare coleoid mollusc from the Upper Jurassic of Central Russia. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 45,4. Dommergues, J.-L., C. Meister and R.B. Rocha (2010). The Sinemurian ammonites of the Lusitania Basin (Portugal): an example of complex endemic evolution. Palaeodiversity, 3. Donovan, D.T. (1998). A New Ammonite Genus from the Lower Jurassic (Upper Sinemurian) of Dorset, England. Palaeontology, Vol.41, Part 5. Donovan, D.T. and F. Surlyk (2003). Lower Jurassic (Pliensbachian) ammonites from Bornholm, Baltic Sea, Denmark. Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland, Bulletin 1. Donovan, D.T., L.A. Doguzhaeva and H. Mutvei (2003). Two Pairs of Fins in the Jurassic Coleoid Trachyteuthis from Southern Germany. Berliner Paläobiol.Abh., 03. In: Coleoid cephalopods through time. Warnke, K., H. Keupp and S.v. Boletzky (eds.) Doyle, P. (1990). Teuthid Cephalopods from the Lower Jurassic of Yorkshire. Palaeontology, Vol.33, Part 1. Doyle, P. (1985). Sexual Dimorphism in the Belemnite Youngibelus from the Lower Jurassic of Yorkshire. Palaeontology, Vol.28, Part 1. Edmunds, M., et al. (2016). A systematic account of the ammonite faunas of the Obtusum Zone (Sinemurian Stage, Lower Jurassic) from Marston Magna, Somerset, UK. Proceedings of the Geologists' Association, xxx. (Article in Press) Fernandez-Lopez, S.R. (2001). Upper Bathonian ammonites of the Catalan Basin (Tivissa and Cap Salou, Spain). Hantkeniana, 3. Frau, C., et al. (2016). Systematic palaeontology of the Perisphinctoidea in the Jurassic/Cretaceous boundary interval at Le Chouet (Drome, France), and its implications for biostratigraphy. Acta Geologica Polonica, Vol.66, Number 2. Fuchs, D. (2014). First evidence of Mastigophora (Cephalopoda: Coleoidea) from the early Callovian of La-Voulte-sur-Rhone (France). Gottingen Contributions to Geosciences, 77. Fuchs, D., T. Engeser, and H. Keupp (2007). Gladius shape variation in coleoid cephalopod Trachyteuthis from the Upper Jurassic Nusplingen and Solnhofen Plattenkalks. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 52(3). Hammer, O, et al. (2013). Large onychites (cephalopod hooks) from the Upper Jurassic of the Boreal Realm. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 58(4). Haug, J.T., I. Kruta and C. Haug (2012). A possible fossil paralarva (Cephalopoda: Coleoidea) from the Solnhofen Lithographic Limestones (Upper Jurassic, southern Germany). Palaeontologia Electronica, Vol.15, Issue 3. Howarth, M.K. and J. Stephanov (1965). The Genus Kosmoceras in Bulgaria. Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Vol.VII. Keupp, H. and V. Mitta (2013). Cephalopod jaws from the Middle Jurassic of central Russia. N.Jb.Geol.Palaont.Abh., 270/1. Keupp, H. and G. Schweigert (2008). Juraphyllites mimatensis (d'Orbigny, 1845)(Ammonoidea: Phylloceratida), a Tethyan immigrant in the Upper Pliensbachian of Franconia (Jurassic, Southern Germany). Palaeodiversity, 1. King, A. (2010). Fossil Nautiloids from the Upper Lias (Toarcian) 'Junction Bed' of the Ilminster Area, Somerset. Somerset Archaeology and Natural History. Klompmaker, A.A. and B.J.H.M. van den Berkmortel (2007). Earliest Jurassic (Hettangian) psiloceratoid ammonites from a subrosion pipe at Winterswijk, the eastern Netherlands. Netherlands Journal of Geosciences, 86-4. Kopic, J. and A. Wierzbowski (1988). Ammonites and Stratigraphy of the Bathonian and Callovian at Janusfjellet and Wimanfjellet, Sassenfjorden, Spitsbergen. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 33(2). Kulicki, C. and H. Szaniawski (1972). Cephalopod Arm Hooks from the Jurassic of Poland. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, Vol.XVII, Number 3. Manley, E.C. (1977). Unusual Pattern Preservation in a Liassic Ammonite from Dorset. Palaeontology, Vol.20, Part 4. Mariotti, N., M. Santantonio and R. Weis (2007). Aalenian - Early Bajocian Belemnite Assemblage from Peri-Mediterranean Tethyan Sediments (Calabria, Southern Italy). Geologica Romana, 40. Martill, D.M. (1990). Predation on Kosmoceras by Semionotid Fish in the Middle Jurassic Lower Oxford Clay of England. Palaeontology, Vol.33, Part 3. Meister, C., J.-L. Dommergues and R.B. Rocha (2012). Ammonites from the Apoderoceras beds (Early Pliensbachian) in São Pedro de Muel (Lusitanian Basin, Portugal). Bulletin of Geosciences, 87(3). Mironenko, A.A. (2016). A new type of shell malformation caused by epizoans in Late Jurassic ammonites from Central Russia. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 61(3). Mironenko, A.A. (2015). The soft-tissue attachment scars in Late Jurassic ammonites from Central Russia. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 60(4). Mironenko, A.A. (2015). Soft-tissue preservation in the Middle Jurassic ammonite Cadoceras from Central Russia. Swiss J.Palaeontol., Vol.132, Number 4. Moliner, L. and F. Oloriz (2010). New Lower Kimmeridgian ataxioceratin ammonite from the Eastern Iberian Chain, Spain: Systematic, biogeographic, and biostratigraphic relevance. Acta Palaeonotologica Polonica, 55(1). Morton, N. (1983). Pathologically Deformed Graphoceras (Ammonitina) from the Jurassic of Skye, Scotland. Palaeontology, Vol.26, Part 2. Morton, N. (1975). Bajocian Sonniniidae and Other Ammonites from Western Scotland. Palaeontology, Vol.18, Part 1. Morton, N. (1973). The Aptychi of Sonninia (Ammonitina) from the Bajocian of Scotland. Palaeontology, Vol.16, Part 1. Morton, N. (1971). Some Bajocian Ammonites from Western Scotland. Palaeontology, Vol.14, Part 2. Myczynski, R. (2004). Toarcian, Aalenian and Early Bajocian (Jurassic) ammonite faunas and biostratigraphy in the Pieniny Klippen Belt and the Tatra Mts., West Carpathians. Studia Geologica Polonica, Vol.123. Nicosia, U. (1986). Ammonites/Epizoans Relationships in the Kimmeridgian of the Central Apenines. Geologica Rom., 25. O'Dogherty, L., et al. (2006). Carbon-isotope stratigraphy and ammonite faunal turnover for the Middle Jurassic in the Southern Iberian palaeomargin. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 239. Oloriz, F. and F.J. Rodriguez-Tovar (1996). The Ammonite Sutneria from the Upper Jurassic of Southern Spain. Palaeontology, Vol.39, Part 4. Palframan, D.F.B. (1967). Variation and Ontogeny of Some Oxford Clay Ammonites: Distichoceras bicostatum (Stahl) and Horioceras baugieri (D'Orbigny), from England. Palaeontology, Vol.10, Part 1. Parent, H., A. Scherzinger and G. Schweigert (2008). Sexual phenomena in Late Jurassic Aspidoceratidae (Ammonoidea). Dimorphic correspondence between Physodoceras hermanni (Berkhemer) and Sutneria subeumela Schneid, and first record of possible hermaphroditism. Palaeodiversity, 1. Parsons, C.F. (1975). Ammonites from the Doulting Conglomerate Bed (Upper Bajocian, Jurassic) of Somerset. Palaeontology, Vol.18, Part 1. Prikryl, T., et al. (2012). Evidence for fish predation on a coleoid cephalopod from the Lower Jurassic Posidonia Shale of Germany. N.Jb.Geol.Palaont.Abh., 263/1. Pugaczewska, H. (1961). Belemnoids from the Jurassic of Poland. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, Vol.VI, Number 2. Reitner, J. (2009). Preserved gill remains in Phragmoteuthis conocauda (Quenstedt, 1846-49)(Toarcian, Southern Western Germany). Berliner palaobiologische Abhandlungen, 10. Rogov, M.A. and A.A. Mironenko (2015). Patterns of the evolution of aptychi of Middle Jurassic to Early Cretaceous Boreal ammonites. Swiss J.Paleontol. Rogov, M.A., V.S. Mileev and S.B. Rosanov Lower Callovian of East Crimea: New Data on the Ammonite Fauna and Biostratigraphy. Geologica Carpathica. Sandoval, J. (2016). Ammonite assemblages and chronostratigraphy of the uppermost Bajocian-Callovian (Middle Jurassic) of the Murcia Region (Betic Cordillera, south-eastern Spain). Proceedings of the Geologists' Association, xxx. (Article in Press) Schlogl, J., et al. (2009). Early and Middle Callovian ammonites from the Pieniny Klippen Belt (Western Carpathians) in hiatal successions: unique biostratigraphic evidence from sediment-filled fissure deposits. N.Jb.Geol.Palaont.Abh., Vol.252/1. Schweigert, G. (2005). The occurrence of the Tethyan ammonite genus Meneghiniceras (Phylloceratina: Juraphyllitidae) in the Upper Pliensbachian of SW Germany. Stuttgarter Beitr.Naturk., Ser.B, Number 356. Tomas, R. and J. Palfy (2007). Revision of Early Jurassic ammonoid types from the Persani Mts. (East Carpathians, Romania). N.Jb.Geol.Palaont. Abh., Vol.234/2. Vasicek, Z. and P. Skupien (2014). Recent Discoveries of Tithonian Ammonites in the Stramberk Limestone (Koutac Quarry, Outer Western Carpathians). Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae, Vol.84. Weis, R. and N. Mariotti (2007). A belemnite fauna from the Aalenian-Bajocian boundary beds of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg (NE Paris Basin). Bollettino della Societa Paleontologica Italiana, 46(2-3). Weis, R., N. Mariotti and W. Riegraf (2012). The belemnite family Holcobelidae (Coleoidea) in the European Jurassic: systematics, biostratigraphy, palaeobiogeography and evolutionary trends. Palaeodiversity, 5. Wierzbowski, A. (1989). Ammonites and Stratigraphy of the Kimmeridgian at Wimanfjellet, Sassenfjorden, Spitsbergen. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 34(4). Wright, J.K. (1996). Perisphinctid Ammonites of the Upper Calcareous Grit (Upper Oxfordian) of North Yorkshire. Palaeontology, Vol.39, Part 2. Zeiss, A., A. Benetti and N. Pezzoni (1994). A new ammonite fauna from the Tithonian (Semiformiceras/Verruciferum Zone) of the Lessinian Alps, Verona Province, Northern Italy. Palaeopelagos Special Publication I. North America Frebold, H. (1961). The Jurassic Faunas of the Canadian Arctic - Middle and Upper Jurassic Ammonites. Geological Survey of Canada, Bulletin 74. Imlay, R.W. (1982). Late Bajocian Ammonites from Southern Alaska. United States Geological Survey, Professional Paper 1189. Imlay, R.W. (1981). Early Jurassic Ammonites from Alaska. United States Geological Survey, Professional Paper 1148. Imlay, R.W. (1981). Jurassic (Bathonian and Callovian) Ammonites in Eastern Oregon and Western Idaho. United States Geological Survey, Professional Paper 1142. Imlay, R.W. (1975). Stratigraphic Distribution and Zonation of Jurassic (Callovian) Ammonites in Southern Alaska. United States Geological Survey, Professional Paper 836. Imlay, R.W. (1962). Late Bajocian Ammonites from the Cook Inlet Region, Alaska. United States Geological Survey, Professional Paper 418-A. Imlay, R.W. (1961). Late Jurassic Ammonites from the Western Sierra Nevada, California. United States Geological Survey, Professional Paper 374-D. Imlay, R.W. (1953). Callovian (Jurassic) Ammonites from the United States and Alaska. Part 2. Alaska Peninsula and Cook Inlet Regions. United States Geological Survey, Professional Paper 249-B. Imlay, R.W. (1953). Callovian (Jurassic) Ammonites from the United States and Alaska. Part 1. Western Interior United States. Unites States Geological Survey, Professional Paper 249-A. Imlay, R.W. and D.L. Jones (1970). Ammonites from the Buchia Zones in Northwestern California and Southwestern Oregon. United States Geological Survey, Professional Paper 647-B. Jakobs, G.K. (1992). Toarcian (Lower Jurassic) Ammonite Biostratigraphy and Ammonite Fauna of North America. Ph.D. Thesis - The University of British Columbia. (697 pages) Jakobs, G.K. and P.L. Smith (1996). Latest Toarcian Ammonoids from the North American Cordillera. Palaeontology, Vol.39, Part 1. Longridge, L.M., et al. (2008). Middle and late Hettangian (Early Jurassic) ammonites from the Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia, Canada. Revue de Paleobiologie, Geneve, 27(1). Reeside, J.B. (1919). Some American Jurassic Ammonites of the Genera Quenstedticeras, Cardioceras and Amoeboceras, Family Cardioceratidae. United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 118. Rogov, M.A. and T.P. Poulton (2015). Aulacostephanid ammonites from the Kimmeridgian (Upper Jurassic) of British Columbia (western Canada) and their significance for correlation and palaeobiogeography. Bulletin of Geosciences, 90(1). Smith, P.L., et al. (1988). An ammonite association for the Lower Jurassic of Canada and the United States: the Pliensbachian. Can.J. Earth Sci., 25. South America/Central America/Caribbean Blau, J., et al. (2008). A new fossiliferous site of Lower Liassic (Upper Sinemurian) marine sediments from the southern Sierra Madre Oriental (Puebla, Mexico): ammonite fauna, biostratigraphy and description of Ectocentrites hillebrandti new species. Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geologicas, Vol.25, Number 3. Dietze, V., et al. (2012). Ammonites and stratigraphy of a Lower Bajocian (Middle Jurassic) section in Sierra Chacaico (Neuquen Basin, Argentina). Zitteliana A, 52. Enay, R., et al. (1996). Upper Tithonian Ammonites and Floras from Chicama Basin, Northern Peruvian Andes. GeoResearch Forum, Vols. 1-2. Fernandez-Lopez, S.R. and G.B. Chong-Diaz (2014). Strigoceras septicarinatum (Jurassic Ammonoidea) in the Precordillera of North Chile: Paleobiogeographical and paleoenvironmental implications. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 409. Fernandez-Lopez, S.R. and G.B. Chong-Diaz (2011). Dimorphinites (Ammonoidea, Jurassic, Upper Bajocian) in the Precordillera of Northern Chile. Journal of Paleontology, 85(3). Fuchs, D. and H.-P. Schultze (2008). Trachyteuthis covachevici n.sp., a Late Jurassic Palaeopacific coleoid cephalopod. Fossil Record, 11(1). Imlay, R.W. (1938). Ammonites of the Taraises Formation of Northern Mexico. Bulletin of the Geological Society of America, Vol.49. Kulicki, C. and A. Wierzbowski (1983). The Jurassic Juvenile Ammonites of the Jagua Formation, Cuba. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, Vol.28, Numbers 3-4. Myczynski, R. (1976). Organoceras gen.n. (Ammonoidea) from the Oxfordian of Cuba. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 21(4). Oloriz, F., A.B. Villasenor and I. Lopez-Palomino (2008). Middle Oxfordian ammonite biostratigraphy of the Lower Santiago Formation at Taman, San Luis Potosi, Mexico - with notes on Mexico-Caribbean ochetoceratins. Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geologicas, Vol.25, Number 2. Parent, H. (2006). Oxfordian and Late Callovian Ammonite Faunas and Biostratigraphy of the Neuquen-Mendoza and Tarapaca Basins (Jurassic, Ammonoidea, Western South-America). Boletin del Instituto de Fisiografia y Geologia, 76(1-2) Parent, H. (1998). Upper Bathonian and Lower Callovian ammonites from Chacay Melehue (Argentina). Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 43(1). Parent, H. and S.E. Cocca (2007). The Tithonian (Upper Jurassic) Ammonite Succession at Portada Covunco, Neuquen-Mendoza Basin, Argentina. Boletin del Instituto de Fisiografia y Geologia, 77(1-2). Parent, H., A. Scherzinger and G. Schweigert (2011). The Tithonian-Berriasian Ammonite Fauna and Stratigraphy of Arroyo Cieneguita, Neuquen-Mendoza Basin, Argentina. Boletin del Instituto de Fisiographia y Geologia, 79-81. Parent, H., et al. (2008). Passotia, A New Genus of Tithonian Oppeliid Ammonites (Late Jurassic, Ammonoidea: Haploceratoidea). Boletin del Instituto de Fisiografia y Geologica, 78(1-2). Riccardi, A.C. (2015) Remarks on the Tithonian-Berriasian ammonite biostratigraphy of west central Argentina. Volumina Jurassica, XIII(2). Riccardi, A.C. (2005). First Teuthid Cephalopod from the Lower Jurassic of South America (Neuquen Basin, Argentina). Geologica Acta, Vol.3, Number 002. Vennari, V.V., P.P. Alvarez and B. Aguirre-Urreta (2012). A new species of Andiceras Krantz (Cephalopoda: Ammonoidea) from the Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous of the Neuguqen Basin, Mendoza, Argentina. Systematics and Biostratigraphy. Andean Geology, 39(1). Villasenor, A.B., F. Oloriz and C. Gonzalez-Arreola (2011). Lower Tithonian microconchiate simoceratins from eastern Mexico: Taxonomy, biostratigraphy, and palaeobiogeography. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 56(1). Zeiss, A. and H.A. Leanza (2010). Upper Jurassic (Tithonian) ammonites from the lithographic limestones of the Zapala Region, Neuquen Basin, Argentina. Beringeria, 41. Zell, P. and W. Stinnesbeck (2016). Salinites grossicostatum (Imlay, 1939) and S. finicostatum sp.nov. from the latest Tithonian (Late Jurassic) of northeastern Mexico. Boletin de la Sociedad Geologica Mexicana, Vol.68, Number 2. General Jurassic Ammonites Bardhan, S. and K. Halder (2000). Sudden Origin of Ribbing in Jurassic Paracenoceras (Nautiloidea) and its Bearing on the Evolution of Ribbing in Post-Triassic Nautiloids. Historical Biology, Vol.14. Bert, D. and P. Courville (2016). First record of Late Callovian to Early Oxfordian heteromorph ammonites. Annales de Paleontologie, xxx. (Article in Press). Brochwicz-Lewinski, W. (1975). On the Oxfordian Genus Subdiscosphinctes Malinowska, 1972, and Subgenus S. (Aureimontanites) nov. (Perisphinctidae, Ammonoidea). Acta Paleontologica Polonica, Vol.XX, Number 1. Brochwicz-Lewinski, W. and Z. Rozak (1976). Oxfordian Idoceratids (Ammonoidea) and Their Relation to Perisphinctes Proper. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 21(4). Brochwicz-Lewinski, W. and Z. Rozak (1976). Some Difficulties in Recognition of Sexual Dimorphism in Jurassic Perisphinctids (Ammonoidea). Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 21(1). Cantu-Chapa, A. (2012). The Suture Line Patterns in Olcostephanidae and Spiticeratidae, Ammonites from the Upper Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous: Systematic Considerations. PM, 62. Cantu-Chapa, A. (1998). Suaritinae New Subfamily and Galeanites garcense New Genus and New Species of the Upper Jurassic Perisphinctaceae Ammonites. Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geologicas, Vol.15, Number 1. Checa, A. and D. Martin-Ramos (1989). Growth and Function of Spines in the Jurassic Ammonite Aspidoceras. Palaeontology, Vol.32, Part 3. Chirat, R., et al. (2008). Developmental Integration Related to Buoyancy Control in Nautiloids: Evidence from Unusual Septal Approximation and Ontogenetic Allometries in a Jurassic Species. Palaeontology, Vol.51, Part 1. Cope, J.C.W. (1968). Propectinatites, a New Kimmeridgian Ammonite Genus. Palaeontology, Vol.11, Part 1. Dommergues, J.-L. and C. Meister (2013). Significance of intermediate forms in phyletic reconstruction of ammonites: Early Jurassic Phricodoceras case study. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 58(4). Donovan, D.T. and M.D. Crane (1992). The Type Material of the Jurassic Cephalopod Belemnotheutis. Palaeontology, Vol.35, Number 2. Donovan, D.T. and G.F. Forsey (1973). Systematics of Lower Liassic Ammonitina. The University of Kansas Paleontological Contributions, Paper 64. Fuchs, D. and H.-P. Schultze (2008). Trachyteuthis covacevichi n.sp., a Late Jurassic Palaeopacific coleoid cephalopod. Fossil Record, 11(1). Getty, T.A. (1973). A Revision of the Generic Classification of the Family Echinoceratidae (Cephalopoda, Ammonoidea) (Lower Jurassic). The University of Kansas Paleontological Contributions, Paper 63. Hoffmann, R., and H. Keupp (2010). The myth of the Triassic lytoceratid ammonite Trachyphyllites Arthaber, 1927, in reality an Early Jurassic Analytoceras hermanni Gumbel, 1861. Acta Geologica Polonica, Vol.60, Number 2. Jager, M. and R. Fraaye (1997). The Diet of the Early Toarcian Ammonite Harpoceras falciferum.Palaeontology, Vol.40, Part 2. Jeletzky, J.A. (1972). Morphology and Taxonomic Status of the Jurassic Belemnite 'Rhopaloteuthis' somaliensis Spath 1935. Palaeontology, Vol.15, Part 1. Klug, C., et al. (2016). Adaptations to squid-style high-speed swimming in Jurassic belemnitids. Biol.Lett., 12. (Thanks to edd for finding this one!) Lecuyer, C. and H. Bucher (2006). Stable isotope compositions of a Late Jurassic ammonite shell: a record of seasonal surface water temperatures in the southern hemisphere? eEarth, 1. Lehmann, U. (1979) The Jaws and Radula of the Jurassic Ammonite Dactylioceras. Palaeontology, Vol.22, Part 1. Lehmann, U. (1971). Jaws, Radula and Crop of Arnioceras (Ammonoidea). Palaeontology, Vol.14, Part 2. Liang, B. and P.L. Smith (1997). The Jurassic Ammonite Image Database 'Ammon'. Palaeontology, Vol.40, Part 1. Longridge, L.M., et al. (2009). The Impact of Asymmetries in the Elements of the Phragmocone of Early Jurassic Ammonites. Palaeontologia Electronica, Vol.12, Issue 1. Moyne, S. and P. Neige (2004). Cladistic analysis of the Middle Jurassic ammonite radiation. Geol.Mag. 141(2). Oloriz, F., P. Palmqvist and J.A. Perez-Claros (2002). Morphostructural constraints and phylogenetic overprint on sutural frilling in Late Jurassic ammonites. Lethaia, Vol.35. Parent, H., A. Scherzinger and G. Schweigert (2008). Sexual phenomena in Late Jurassic Aspidoceratidae (Ammonoidea). Dimorphic correspondence between Physodoceras hermanni (Berkhemer) and Sutneria subeumela Shneid, and first record of possible hermaphroditism. Palaeondiversity, 1. Parent, H., et al. (2008). Passotia, A New Genus of Tithonian Oppeliid Ammonites (Late Jurassic, Ammonoidea: Haploceratoidea). Boletin del Instituto de Fisiografia y Geologia, 78 (1-2). Parsons, C.F. (1977). Two New Bajocian Microconch Otoitid Ammonites and Their Significance. Palaeontology, Vol.20, Part 1. Schweigert, G. (2009). First three-dimensionally preserved in situ record of an aptychophoran ammonite jaw apparatus in the Jurassic and discussion of the function of aptychi. Berliner palaobiologische Abhandlungen, 10. Schweigert, G., A. Scherzinger and H. Parent (2002). The Volcanoceras lineage (Ammonoidea, Simoceratidae) - a tool for long-distance correlations in the Lower Tithonian. Stuttgarter Beitr.Naturk., Ser.B., Number 326. Schweigert, G., et al. (2007). Revision of the Middle Jurassic dimorphic ammonite genera Strigoceras/Cadomoceras (Strigoeratidae) and related forms. Stuttgarter Beitr.Naturk., Ser.B, Number 273. Senior, J.R. (1977). The Jurassic Ammonite Bredyia Buckman. Palaeontology, Vol.20, Part 3. Senior, J.R. (1971). Wrinkle-Layer Structures in Jurassic Ammonites. Palaeontology, Vol.14, Part 1. Stephanov, J. (1966). The Middle Jurassic Ammonite Genus Oecotraustes Waagen. Travaux Sur La Geologie De Bulgarie - Serie Paleontologie, Vol. VIII. Tajika, A., et al. (2015). Intraspecific variation of phragmocone chamber volumes chamber volumes throughout ontogeny in the modern nautilid Nautilus and the Jurassic ammonite Normannites. PeerJ, 3:e1306. Takeda, Y. and K. Tanabe (2015). Low durophagous predation on Toarcian (Early Jurassic) ammonoids in the northwestern Panthalassa shelf basin. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 60(4). Zell, P. and W. Stinnesbeck (2016). Paleobiology of the Latest Tithonian (Late Jurassic) Ammonite Salinites grossicostatum Inferred from Internal and External Shell Parameters. PLoS ONE, 11(1).

Hi, I'm new here. I found this interesting Nanosaurus Rex skull for sale. The Seller says it is from Emery, Utah and he says it is real. Sorry for my English because I am from China. Please help me identify if this real. Thanks!