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  1. I was very pleasantly surprised (actually more thrilled to be honest) when I heard about the discovery of the northern tyrannosaurid dinosaur Nanuqusaurus hoglundi from the Cretaceous Prince Creek Formation dating 70.6-69.1 Million Years ago in what is now the U.S. State of Alaska. Image Credit and Source: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/260757717_A_Diminutive_New_Tyrannosaur_from_the_Top_of_the_World At first thought to be only 5-6 meters (16-20 feet) in length based on the currently catalogued specimens, it's now believed based on currently undescribed remains to be 8-9 meters (26-30 feet) in length fully grown (compared to the 12.3-12.4 meters (40.4-40.7 feet) in length it's cousin Tyrannosaurus rex could reach fully grown). Image Credit: Artist Nathan Rogers Image Source: https://www.artstation.com/artwork/Z5w900 Fiorillo, A. R., & Tykoski, R. S., 2014. A diminutive new tyrannosaur from the top of the world. PloS one, 9(3), e91287. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0091287 Druckenmiller, P. S., Erickson, G. M., Brinkman, D., Brown, C. M., & Eberle, J. J. (2021). Nesting at extreme polar latitudes by non-avian dinosaurs. Current biology : CB, 31(16), 3469–3478.e5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2021.05.041 https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(21)00739-9?_returnURL=https%3A%2F%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%2Fretrieve%2Fpii%2FS0960982221007399%3Fshowall%3Dtrue The Tyrannosaurid Nanuqusaurus is also unique as the northern most tyrannosaur known from Western North America (at the time the continent of Laramidia). Adapted to the colder climates of the region, it shared its habitat with a vast diversity of plants, small mammals, and other non-avian dinosaurs including hadrosaurs such as Edmontosaurus, the pachycephalosaur Alaskacephale, the Ceratopsian Pachyrhinosaurus, and a large currently unnamed genus of troodontidae. But it's confirmed geologic range is only during the early Maastrichtian (70.6-69.1 Million Years ago) of the Cretaceous period. Images Credits and Sources: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/260757717_A_Diminutive_New_Tyrannosaur_from_the_Top_of_the_World Fiorillo, A. R., and Gangloff, R. A., 2001. Theropod teeth from the Prince Creek Formation (Cretaceous) of northern Alaska, with speculations on Arctic dinosaur paleoecology. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 20(4):675-682 Image Credit: Artist Nathan Rogers Image Source: https://www.artstation.com/artwork/Z5w900 The question I have is why this is? Did anything major happen to the habitat of the Prince Creek Formation between the Early-Late Maastrichtian? Did Nanuqusaurus live up to 66 Million Years ago to the latest Maastrichtian of the Cretaceous period?
  2. Hello, I am trying to identify if this is a T. rex tooth. It's described as "natural juvenile Tyrannosaurus tooth". Location: Hell Creek Formation, Montana. Dimensions: Height: 4.3 cm Width: 3.8 cm I've read this awesome post by troodon, and I'm leaning towards T. rex ("fat" and rounded tip) - but looking forward to seeing your opinions as well. Thanks and have an awesome day ahead!
  3. ThePhysicist

    Juvenile T. rex

    From the album: Hell Creek / Lance Formations

    Tyrannosaurus rex Hell Creek Fm., Garfield Co., MT, USA This is from the right maxilla of a juvenile individual (note the lingual wear). Art by RJ Palmer
  4. Perhaps one of the most exciting scientific papers in a while about the genetic diversity of the Tyrannosaurid genus Tyrannosarus itself (the genus that includes the famous and well documented T-rex) was just announced and published (or at least the abstract of it)!!! Image Credit: Dalman et al. 2023 (abstract) and the Society for Vertebrate Paleontology (SVP). https://vertpaleo.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/2023_SVP_Program-Final-10032023.pdf At the Society for Vertebrate Paleontology's annual meeting for 2023, Paleontologists Dr. Sebastian Dalman, Dr. Philip J. Currie, and seven other experienced Paleontologists and experts on the Tyrannosaurid theropod dinosaurs published an abstract on October 21, 2023 about a new species of Tyrannosaurus (Tyrannosaurus mcraensis) from the Hall Lake Formation dating 72 Million Years ago to the Campanian-Maastrichtian Cretaceous of what is now New Mexico!!! This not only gives insights on the origins of the genus Tyrannosaurus, but validates previous hypothesis over the years (at least since 2013) that a unique giant Tyrannosaur from southern Larmidia (now Western North America) that lived during the Campanian-Maastrichtian Cretaceous!!! Names given to this animal over the years include Alamotyrannus brinkmani and Tyrannosaurus brinkmani. A Digital Reconstruction of the Tyrannosaurus species Tyrannosaurus mcraensis and it's size compared to an average Human, April 2022. Image Credit: Artist LancianIdolatry https://twitter.com/LancianIdolatry/status/1511016414252978182 This is especially true given for how long the debate has been raging on the Validity ofThe species Tyrannosaurus mcraensis was when fully grown the same size of the averaged size adults of the later Tyrannosaurus rex from the later Maastrichtian Cretaceous. By the look of things with the Paper and the experienced paleontologists and Tyrannosaur experts who authored it, it seems just by looking at its abstract it will be be far more through and accurate than the recent Gregory S. Paul Paper from 2022 and maybe even prove the validity of the debate Tyrannosaur species Tyrannosaurus vannus from the 70-66 Million Years ago dated Javelina Formation of what is now Texas. But I'm wondering if anyone has more information on this study and the potential of it's results?
  5. AranHao

    Vertebra

    Hello everyone. I'm not sure if this vertebra comes from the Tyrannosauridae family? It comes from Zhucheng City, Shandong Province, China. the size of the vertebra is 22cm. Thank you for all the answers.
  6. Fellow members, I am considering purchasing this tooth which is advertised as being a T. rex tooth from the HCF of Carter Co., MT. The seller isn’t able to provide the nearest town. The enamel isn’t perfect but I am guessing that much of the value will be in the length. I am told that there is no repair nor restoration - can anyone see any evidence that might suggest otherwise? The description also states that there is some partial root present. From research, it seems to be an average specimen as is typically found. Or perhaps somewhat above average given that most teeth found are in a worse state. Might members agree that this is a nice 2” T. rex tooth (albeit with some enamel missing) at this price point. There are better out there but those perfect examples will be well north of much more, one suspects. Thankyou in advance.
  7. Frightmares

    Tyrannosaurus rex tooth

    From the album: Dinosaur Teeth

    Tyrannosaurus rex tooth from Hell Creek Formation, South Dakota.
  8. Tyrannosaurus rex (Osborn, 1905) Late Cretaceous, c. 67 Ma Hell Creek Formation, Isabel, Dewey Co., South Dakota, USA. It has been a dream since childhood to own a Tyrannosaurus rex tooth and my dream came true with this recent acquisition of a gorgeous T. rex 1.5” dentary tooth.
  9. Hi everyone. I've been lurking around this site for some time looking over posts regarding t-tex teeth as I've been searching for an entry level specimen. I normally deal in high end mineral specimens, and generally keep away from fossils as it's a complex specialty. I recently purchased this tooth off an auction site and wanted to get an opinion or two about it's authenticity. From my past "lurking" it would appear this tooth matches the description and images I have seen previously posted. It's 1.6" and comes from "Hell Creek." Any educational feedback is greatly appreciated. Thank you in advance.
  10. Hi guys, I made this post about this small theropod tooth from the lance creek formation, Wyoming, USA. I bought it years ago and it was sold to me as belonging to a dromaeosaurid. It doesn't seem to me that it corresponds to any "raptor", but to a baby of Tyrannosaurus rex/Nanotyrannus lacensis. What do you say? Thanks in advance! Ps: the tooth is 1,2 cm/0.47 inch long and 0,6 cm/0.24 inch wide.
  11. Do you think its possible that nanotyrannus and tyrannosaurus could've shared a similar relationship to lions and hyenas where they would hunt at different hours to avoid competition? (Lions and hyenas hunt the same prey, but lions hunt at night whereas hyenas hunt at day.)
  12. ThePhysicist

    Juvenile Tyrannosaurus rex Tooth

    Identification Though smaller than many imagine T. rex teeth to be, this is indisputably one. It is characteristically robust, and has chisel-shaped denticles with similar denticle densities on each carina.1 Those qualities support its identification as a Tyrannosaurid, and with the locality information confirming it originated from the Hell Creek formation, this must be T. rex. Comments Like most isolated theropod teeth, this is a shed tooth, likely lost during feeding.2 This specimen has exquisite preservation with the enamel texture sharply retained as in life. It however has minor weathering with possible feeding wear at the tip, light root etching, and the base of the tooth has been lightly smoothed possibly by tumbling in an ancient river (enamel is harder so it wouldn't have weathered as much as other portions of the tooth). References 1. Smith, Joshua B. “Heterodonty in Tyrannosaurus Rex: Implications for the Taxonomic and Systematic Utility of Theropod Dentitions.” Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, vol. 25, no. 4, 2005, pp. 865–87. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/4524513. 2. Fiorillo, Anthony R., and Philip J. Currie. “Theropod Teeth from the Judith River Formation (Upper Cretaceous) of South-Central Montana.” Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, vol. 14, no. 1, 1994, pp. 74–80. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/4523546.
  13. Hi y'all, about a year ago I started digital sculpting on my tablet and began with some Devonian "shark" teeth, inspired by ones in my collection (see topic here). Several months later after becoming more familiar with the process, I decided to try my hand at dinosaur skulls. In particular, I wanted to render the juvenile Tyrannosaurid, "Jane" (BMRP 2002.4.1) since regardless of your stance on the species, it's an important and cool fossil. Here I present my amateur first pass. My end goal is to have a 1:1 scale 3D print. And for you Tyranno-nerds, yes it accurately has incisiform premaxillary teeth with a lingual apicobasal ridge. To get the shape of all the teeth right, I referenced a couple in my collection. They were duplicated and squashed around to match the variation in morphology of the dentition. I also uploaded the model for you to interact with; honest critiques are welcome as it's not a final version I feel is ready for full scale printing. Certain aspects of the anatomy, especially the hard-to-see interior portions are probably where most errors lie. In December, I however did print a smaller scale to see how it looked: The nice thing about digital sculpting is that I can copy the entire skull and very readily reshape it into a similar one. The natural choice is to do a young juvenile / baby T. rex. This is as much a hypothesis as it is art. I based it off of the Witmer Lab's more rigorous reconstruction of "Chomper", and a similarly-sized young Tarbosaurus (which was a close cousin of T. rex). I again uploaded the model for your enjoyment / inspection: Next, I decided to wander much farther from Tyrannosaurs and shape it into a Troodontid, Pectinodon bakkeri. Of course Pectinodon is only known from its teeth, so I at least got the shape of those right (again, based off of a fossil in my collection). The rest was inspired by the reconstructions of others, presumably informed by more completely-known Troodontids. And finally, a sneak peak of what I'll be working on, Acheroraptor temertyorum. This time it's from scratch since there are some things I want to do differently. Thanks for reading, hope you enjoyed!
  14. Hi everyone! I am open for trading my 2'60 Tyrannosauridae indet. tooth from the Dinosaur park Fm, Belly River Group, Alberta Canada. For myself I am looking for really high quality theropod teeth. Like them from morocco with (partial) root as well. Or Tyrannosauridae from Asia always has interested me. Tarbosaurus for example.
  15. Tyrannosauridae Dinosaur diversity was unique in the Western and Eastern areas of the North American Continent during the Late Cretaceous era around 95-66 Million Years ago) as a result of a seaway the cut the continent in two (creating the continents of Laramidia (now Western North America) and Appalachia (now Eastern North America)). By the Maastrichtian stage of the Cretaceous 68 Million Years ago, the seaway decreased in size and a land bride formed between Laramidia and Appalachia. https://deeptimemaps.com/western-interior-seaway/ This is around the same time Tyrannosaurus rex emerged in Laramida and other Tyrannosauridae including the smaller Dryptosaurus lived in Appalachia. Map of the currently known Tyrannosaurus rex fossil discovery sites Maps of the currently known Maastricthian Tyrannosauridae fossil discovery sites in Eastern North America (not shown on the maps here are Late Cretaceous Tyrannosauridae fossil sites in South Carolina and North Carolina) https://paleobiodb.org/navigator/ What I'm wondering is even with this land bridge formed, what prevented Tyrannosaurus from colonizing the Eastern portion of North America during the Maastricthian Cretaceous? If it didn't prevent this, has there been any fossils found in the Eastern portion of North America that belong to the Tyrannosauridae genus Tyrannosaurus?
  16. dongmin

    Deinosuchus tooth

    deinosuchus tooth good! The tooth was found in Chattahoochee River
  17. dongmin

    What kind of ground sloth is it?

    어떤 종류의 땅 나무 늘보입니까? 발견 장소는 볼리비아입니다.
  18. I was in Milwaukee for a concert last weekend and I decided that I should revisit the local natural history museum while I was there. The Milwaukee Public Museum was a childhood favorite of mine- it honestly left a stronger impression on me than the Field Museum, and there is one main reason for that: their incredible life-size reconstructions of prehistoric life. So that is where my focus for this report will be. The fossils on display were mostly casts, and nothing stood out to me as particularly notable. Near the entrance, the museum had a diorama showing paleontologists at work, along with some featherless dromaeosaurs. Nearby, though, they had a reconstruction of one with some plumage on: The first ancient ecosystem you encounter when entering the hall of prehistoric life is the Silurian seas that covered the area. This is an incredible display, teeming with trilobites, crinoids, brachiopods and the enormous orthoconic cephalopods. Up next is a small display of tetrapod evolution- this one spans multiple periods, featuring Ichthyostega in the water and Seymouria on the land. Across from this was the Pennsylvanian coal swamp display case. This one unfortunately was very slightly run-down, with some animals from the accompanying identification key missing. But I still greatly appreciate the detail and care that must have gone into creating it. I especially like the attention to detail in the display, and the inclusion of some smaller animals like the coelacanths in the water. I have to pause here, but I will return with my dramatic and enduring core memory of the museum later, the Mesozoic display!
  19. ThePhysicist

    Juvenile T. rex tooth

    From the album: Hell Creek / Lance Formations

    Interesting blue color near the base, and some feeding wear at the tip of this immature Tyrannosaurid tooth.
  20. Hello, I was doing a study on the T. rex and Nanotyrannus teeth specimens I had, and I wanted to compare them against a list of known T. rex teeth with measurement. The paper: Dental Morphology and Variation in Theropod Dinosaurs: Implications for the Taxonomic Identification of Isolated Teeth (JOSHUA B. SMITH, DAVID R. VANN, AND PETER DODSON) contains a list of 115 T. rex teeth. To make it easier to compare and read the data, I combined the measurements into a single chart, added colors and lines for ease of reading, and added the size and names of the T. rex used in the study Feel free to refer to the below chart for T. rex teeth measurements. I had to split the chart into 2 due to size limitations, but if you want the full-sized PDF version (25 MB), please message me so I can send it to you by email. If you have any suggestions to improve readability, or have your own data to add, go ahead and post it here! I will be posting pics and measurements of my various T. rex and Nanotyrannus teeth here @Troodon
  21. Dino Dad 81

    T Rex tooth

    Cracking open Heterodonty in T Rex for Joseph's tooth was fun enough that I wanted to take a look at this tooth and see if you have any suspicions on position @Troodon. From the Lance formation in Weston, WY CH: About 45-46mm CBL: 21.4mm CBW: 15.5mm Mesial Serration Density: 1.8/mm Distal Serration Density: 1.9/mm Thanks!!
  22. Ginger0412

    Is this a tyrannosaur tooth?

    Is this a tyrannosaur tooth? Origin: Drumheller, Alberta, Canada size 55mm Also, is this tooth from an adult?
  23. karelchytil

    Tyrannosaurus rex skeleton

    So after Tyrannosaurus Rex WIP thread, i have made some renders. ZBrush screen In Houdini with Karma Please tell meif something is a ittle off, i will recreate it. My sculpting process:
  24. Are these real adult Tyrannosaurus teeth? Production area: Hell Creek I appreciate everyone's comments! thank you very much!
  25. Tidgy's Dad

    Dinosaur Vocalization.

    https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20221212-the-mysterious-song-of-the-dinosaurs
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