diginupbones Posted July 14, 2020 Share Posted July 14, 2020 I have no idea what bone this is or what critter it came from. Very fossilized. Found in south central SD. Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
garyc Posted July 14, 2020 Share Posted July 14, 2020 Looks like part of a vertebra, maybe cervical. Wait for others to respond. 2 Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
diginupbones Posted July 18, 2020 Author Share Posted July 18, 2020 @Harry Pristis Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
diginupbones Posted October 22, 2020 Author Share Posted October 22, 2020 I thought I would give this one more try for an ID. Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
jpc Posted October 22, 2020 Share Posted October 22, 2020 wow, this one was seriously beat up by some ancient river system. Yes, mammal vert. The hole in there suggests cervical vert, the length suggests camel. 1 Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
diginupbones Posted October 23, 2020 Author Share Posted October 23, 2020 22 hours ago, jpc said: wow, this one was seriously beat up by some ancient river system. Yes, mammal vert. The hole in there suggests cervical vert, the length suggests camel. Thanks @jpc Your ID on this chunk of bone turned out to be pretty educational for me. I have never really given much thought as to what a cervical vertebra was or that there was that much difference in the length of camel compared to other mammals. I’ve been doing some research on this and found a few things that others might find interesting. Here is what my vert looked like before the river beat the heck out of it. In tetrapods, cervical vertebrae (singular: vertebra) are the vertebrae of the neck, immediately below the skull. Truncal vertebrae (divided into thoracic and lumbar vertebrae in mammals) lie caudal (toward the tail) of cervical vertebrae.[1] In sauropsid species, the cervical vertebrae bear cervical ribs. In lizards and saurischian dinosaurs, the cervical ribs are large; in birds, they are small and completely fused to the vertebrae. The vertebral transverse processes of mammals are homologous to the cervical ribs of other amniotes.[citation needed] Most mammals have seven cervical vertebrae, with the only three known exceptions being the manatee with six, the two-toed slothwith five or six, and the three-toed sloth with nine. 1 Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
jpc Posted October 23, 2020 Share Posted October 23, 2020 Hey dig- Yup, there is always something more to learn in this game. A few points... glad you used a source that differentiates between the singular and the plural of vertebra/vertebrae. One of our paleo professors here uses the plural all the time and it is one of my pet peeves. Also to know, I human anatomists use different terms than animal anatomists. For example I never use the words superior and inferior articular surfaces. I call those pre- and post zygapophyses (zygapophysis is singular). And I use neural spine for spinous process. Just when you thought you had it all figured out. : ) Keep on finding good stuff. 1 Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
LabRatKing Posted October 23, 2020 Share Posted October 23, 2020 2 minutes ago, jpc said: Hey dig- Yup, there is always something more to learn in this game. A few points... glad you used a source that differentiates between the singular and the plural of vertebra/vertebrae. One of our paleo professors here uses the plural all the time and it is one of my pet peeves. Also to know, I human anatomists use different terms than animal anatomists. For example I never use the words superior and inferior articular surfaces. I call those pre- and post zygapophyses (zygapophysis is singular). And I use neural spine for spinous process. Just when you thought you had it all figured out. : ) Keep on finding good stuff. I've got one of those here too...uses foramen, fossa, meatus, and favea interchangeably... ...on exams...which students then come to me about afterwards... Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
jpc Posted October 23, 2020 Share Posted October 23, 2020 love the head slapping emoji. Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
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