Missourian Posted April 9, 2016 Share Posted April 9, 2016 Crinoid stems with pits, welts, and what not.... Pit with swelling: Pit & swelling again. The remains of something can be seen inside: Multiple pits. This seems to be different than the first two: The encrusting bryozoans may be related to whatever caused the pits and welts: 2 Context is critical. Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
fossilized6s Posted April 9, 2016 Share Posted April 9, 2016 Cool pieces. These look like feeding traces of parasites. ~Charlie~ "There are those that look at things the way they are, and ask why.....i dream of things that never were, and ask why not?" ~RFK ->Get your Mosasaur print ->How to spot a fake Trilobite ->How to identify a CONCRETION from a DINOSAUR EGG Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
fossilized6s Posted April 9, 2016 Share Posted April 9, 2016 https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crinoid_worm I'm not sure if you knew what these were....? 1 ~Charlie~ "There are those that look at things the way they are, and ask why.....i dream of things that never were, and ask why not?" ~RFK ->Get your Mosasaur print ->How to spot a fake Trilobite ->How to identify a CONCRETION from a DINOSAUR EGG Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Auspex Posted April 9, 2016 Share Posted April 9, 2016 Cool pieces. These look like feeding traces of parasites. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crinoid_worm I'm not sure if you knew what these were....? Here is a study on another crinoid parasite: LINK "There has been an alarming increase in the number of things I know nothing about." - Ashleigh Ellwood Brilliant “Try to learn something about everything and everything about something.” - Thomas Henry Huxley >Paleontology is an evolving science. >May your wonders never cease! Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Fossildude19 Posted April 9, 2016 Share Posted April 9, 2016 Awesome specimens, Mitch! Thanks for showing them. Regards, Tim - VETERAN SHALE SPLITTER VFOTM --- APRIL - 2015 __________________________________________________ "In every walk with nature one receives far more than he seeks." John Muir ~ ~ ~ ~ ><))))( *> About Me Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
fossilized6s Posted April 9, 2016 Share Posted April 9, 2016 Here is a study on another crinoid parasite: LINK Thanks, Chas. ~Charlie~ "There are those that look at things the way they are, and ask why.....i dream of things that never were, and ask why not?" ~RFK ->Get your Mosasaur print ->How to spot a fake Trilobite ->How to identify a CONCRETION from a DINOSAUR EGG Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Missourian Posted April 9, 2016 Author Share Posted April 9, 2016 Hmmm.... I just noticed this: I'll have to take a closer look when I can get to my collection. Context is critical. Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
piranha Posted April 9, 2016 Share Posted April 9, 2016 Brett, C.E. (1985)Tremichnus: a new ichnogenus of circular-parabolic pits in fossil echinoderms. Journal of Paleontology, 59(3):625-635 ABSTRACT The new ichnogenus Tremichnus is proposed to include simple circular-parabolic pits, with or without associated stereom swellings, on fossil echinoderms, primarily crinoids. Tremichnus is a common trace fossil that is largely confined to columns and calyces of Paleozoic crinoids; the ichnogenus ranges at least from Middle Ordovician to Permian, and perhaps into the Mesozoic. Four new ichnospecies are also defined: T. paraboloides, the type species, comprising deep circularparabolic pits, 0.15-3.5 mm, without associated gall-like swellings; T. cysticus, similar, though smaller pits surrounded by cystose masses of stereomatic secretion; T. minutus, uniformly small, non-overlapping pits commonly surrounded by raised rims; and T. puteolus, very large, shallow pits generally with a concentric inner ring-like groove. A similarly large pit, T. sp. aff. T. puteolus occurs on diploporitan cystoids. Review of mode of occurrence of these pits suggests that Tremichnus was the work of a sessile, host-selective epibiont, probably a parasite or a commensalistic filter feeder. The pits were apparently produced by a combination of embedment (i.e., inhibition of stereom growth) and sometrue boring (i.e., removal of stereom). 2 Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
abyssunder Posted April 9, 2016 Share Posted April 9, 2016 "Nice" symbiotic relationship... " We are not separate and independent entities, but like links in a chain, and we could not by any means be what we are without those who went before us and showed us the way. " Thomas Mann My Library Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
piranha Posted April 9, 2016 Share Posted April 9, 2016 Here is a recent update I discovered: According to this paper, Tremichnus is now classified as Sedilichnus. Zonneveld, J.P., & Gingras, M.K. (2014)Sedilichnus, Oichnus, Fossichnus, and Tremichnus: ‘small round holes in shells’ revisited. Journal of Paleontology, 88(5):895-905 Tremichnus is a junior synonym of Oichnus, and Oichnus also happens to be a junior synonym of Sedilichnus. Additionally, Brett's four proposed Tremichnus ichnospecies have been lumped into: Sedilichnus spongiophilus 1 Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
kwilson Posted April 10, 2016 Share Posted April 10, 2016 A possibly useful reference: Host-specific pit-forming epizoans on Silurian crinoids. Brett, C. E. In: Lethaia, July 15, 1978, Vol. 11, Issue 3, pp.217-232 1 Karl A. Wilson (NY Paleontology): http://bingweb.binghamton.edu/~kwilson/home.htm Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
G_M Posted May 5, 2016 Share Posted May 5, 2016 (edited) Pit & swelling again. The remains of something can be seen inside: 2688-crinoid-stem-pit.jpg Nice crinoid stems! The following pits and swellings are from Phosphannulus Müller, Nogami & Lenz, 1974 (Order Hyolithelminthes) - a problematic organism with phosphatic tubes (you can see its incomplete shell in the hole). It was an epizoan and all these swellings was a crinoid reaction to the Phosphannulus settlement. I hope these literature will help you: Welch, J. R. (1976). Phosphannulus on Paleozoic crinoid stems. Journal of Paleontology, 218-225. Werle, N. G., Frest, T. J., & Mapes, R. H. (1984). The epizoan Phosphannulus on a Pennsylvanian crinoid stem from Texas. Journal of Paleontology, 1163-1166. I attach a picture of similar specimen with more complete Phospahnnulus specimen from the Pennsylvanian deposits of the Moscow Region (scale bar - 4mm). Edited May 5, 2016 by G_M 3 Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
doushantuo Posted May 5, 2016 Share Posted May 5, 2016 (edited) Yakowska's article in the 1922 issue of the Zoologische Anzeiger comes to mind. Common parasites:Myzostomids(vide Lanterbecq/ Rouse in MpE,sept. 2009) ,cirripeds.Parasitism by copepods leads to the formation of Galls(vide Ohtsuka/Boxall,2010 and the link below) also,Berkowski and Gluchowski have written several articles on crinoid epibionts,and Jan Bohaty in JOP,somewhere in 2012 ,I think Klompmaker/Boxhall: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/280025238_Fossil_Crustaceans_as_Parasites_and_Hosts and there's: GALLE, A. AND R. J. PROKOP. 2000. Complex parasitism and symbiosis of crinoid, subepidermal parasite and tablulate coral. Lower Devonian (Pragian), Barrandian, Czech Republic. Bulletin of the Czech Geolog.surv and: http://paleopolis.rediris.es/cg/1517/CG1517.pdf and: https://geojournals.pgi.gov.pl/agp/article/view/10249/8771 If anyone is interested in paleozoic epibionts: I have the eponymous HiBi issue** and highly recommend it,it's a classic **on paper, that is Edited May 5, 2016 by doushantuo Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
FossilDudeCO Posted May 6, 2016 Share Posted May 6, 2016 Awesome thread! thanks for sharing everyone! Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
doushantuo Posted May 6, 2016 Share Posted May 6, 2016 referring to Kwilson: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/249466493_Host-specific_pit-forming_epizoans_on_Silurian_Crinoids Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
lissa318 Posted May 6, 2016 Share Posted May 6, 2016 Those are super cool crinoid specimens Missourian!!! . Pretty fascinating really... Great info given on this thread too! Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Fossildude19 Posted May 6, 2016 Share Posted May 6, 2016 I'm learning allot from this thread! Thanks for posting it, Mitch. Regards, Tim - VETERAN SHALE SPLITTER VFOTM --- APRIL - 2015 __________________________________________________ "In every walk with nature one receives far more than he seeks." John Muir ~ ~ ~ ~ ><))))( *> About Me Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
doushantuo Posted May 6, 2016 Share Posted May 6, 2016 http://www.kirj.ee/public/Estonian_Journal_of_Earth_Sciences/2014/issue_4/earth-2014-4-317-322.pdf Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
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