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  1. ThePhysicist

    Pectinodon tooth

    From the album: Hell Creek / Lance Formations

    Pectinodon (meaning "comb-tooth") is a tooth taxon, since no remains attributable to the genus beyond teeth have been found. Pectinodon seems to be a rare member of the Hell Creek fauna, with their teeth being fairly uncommon (though being so small, I'd guess that few people actively search for them). It was a small Troodontid theropod, with teeth that couldn't handle stresses as well as their Dromaeosaurid and Tyrannosaurid cousins (Torices et al. (2018)). This coupled with their small size suggest that Pectinodon was a small/soft prey specialist, preferring the rodent-sized mammals of the time, lizards, insects, etc. Some researchers have proposed omnivory as a possibility for Troodontids (cf. Holtz et al. (1998)). Troodontids famously are regarded as among the most intelligent dinosaurs for their large brain size / body size ratio. This notion serves as fodder for speculation that had the dinosaurs not gone extinct, Troodontids (Pectinodon being (one of?) the last) would have continued to grow in intelligence and develop sentience and civilizations. Troodontid teeth like Pectinodon can be easily identified by their small size, exaggerated, triangular, apically oriented posterior serrations.
  2. ThePhysicist

    Dromaeosaurid

    From the album: Hell Creek / Lance Formations

    A small tooth from a Dromaeosaurid "raptor" dinosaur, located in an anterior position in the mouth. Found in a channel deposit.
  3. Found this little guy in the surface float near Glendive, Mt, hell creek formation. I thought it might be a theropod phalange, but a buddy thinks it's champsosaurus. Any thoughts?
  4. Warbreaker

    Possible Triceratops Skull in Situ

    Had a great day fossil hunting in the montana badlands, hell creek formation. Found and partially excavated this piece, we're not sure we're going to be able to get back out there to finish the excavation. Our first thought is it's the top view of a triceratops skull with the two brow horns angled down. The right horn in the picture comes to a natural termination, the left looks like the tip is broken off. It looks to be all one contiguous bone. Any collective wisdom what it might be? Apologies for the poor lighting and lack of measuring stick, we were limited out in the field.
  5. SharkySarah

    Hell Creek Mystery

    Below are some mystery finds from the Hell Creek formation. Any ideas are welcome. 1. 2. 3. 4.
  6. SharkySarah

    Hell Creek Teeth 23-30

    Below are some teeth from the Hell Creek Formation. Any common name or scientific name would be useful. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30.
  7. SharkySarah

    Hell Creek Teeth 1-12

    Below are micro teeth from the hell creek formation. Not sure on the ID of these. I have some vague ideas for a couple. Any common or scientific names welcome. 1. Bowfin Cyclurus fragosus tooth? 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12.
  8. SharkySarah

    Hell Creek Teeth 13-23

    Looking for help on these teeth from the hell creek formation. Any common and scientific names welcome. 13. 14. 15. Bowfin tooth Cyclurus fragosus? 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22.
  9. SharkySarah

    Hell creek scutes or mouth plates?

    Below are scutes or mouth plates from the hell creek formation. ID help needed. 1. 2. 3.
  10. SharkySarah

    Hell Creek Scales?

    Are these scales from the hell creek formation? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13.
  11. SharkySarah

    Hell creek bone fragments

    Below are bone fragments from the Hell Creek formation. Any thoughts are what kind? 1. 2. 3. 4.
  12. SharkySarah

    Hell Creek vertebrae

    Below are some micro vertebrae from the Hell Creek formation. Any idea what they came from? 1. 2.
  13. ThePhysicist

    Juvenile Tyrannosaurus rex Tooth

    Identification Though smaller than many imagine T. rex teeth to be, this is indisputably one. It is characteristically robust, and has chisel-shaped denticles with similar denticle densities on each carina.1 Those qualities support its identification as a Tyrannosaurid, and with the locality information confirming it originated from the Hell Creek formation, this must be T. rex. Comments Like most isolated theropod teeth, this is a shed tooth, likely lost during feeding.2 This specimen has exquisite preservation with the enamel texture sharply retained as in life. It however has minor weathering with possible feeding wear at the tip, light root etching, and the base of the tooth has been lightly smoothed possibly by tumbling in an ancient river (enamel is harder so it wouldn't have weathered as much as other portions of the tooth). References 1. Smith, Joshua B. “Heterodonty in Tyrannosaurus Rex: Implications for the Taxonomic and Systematic Utility of Theropod Dentitions.” Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, vol. 25, no. 4, 2005, pp. 865–87. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/4524513. 2. Fiorillo, Anthony R., and Philip J. Currie. “Theropod Teeth from the Judith River Formation (Upper Cretaceous) of South-Central Montana.” Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, vol. 14, no. 1, 1994, pp. 74–80. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/4523546.
  14. ThePhysicist

    Ankylosaurus tooth

    Identification Teeth of Nodosaurids are often confused for those of their rarer relatives, the Ankylosaurids, namely the archetypical Ankylosaurian, Ankylosaurus. (Most) teeth of Ankylosaurus are taller than they are wide, are generally conical in shape with one side flatter than the other, have large denticles on the anterior and posterior edges (6-8 anterior, 5-7 posterior), and have swollen/bulbous bases. Tooth wear is normally on the crown face, compared to wear on the tip (apex) as in Nodosaurids.1,2 Comments This tooth is partially rooted; the root is cylindrical and hollow. There is a wear facet on one side, offset from the center, with grooves roughly perpendicular to the apicobasal axis (suggestive of the mastication motion). This tooth was found in the same county as the holotype of this species. References 1. Carpenter, K. "Redescription of Ankylosaurus magniventris Brown 1908 (Ankylosauridae) from the Upper Cretaceous of the Western Interior of North America." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences (2004), 41(8): 961-986. https://doi.org/10.1139/e04-043 2. Carpenter, K. "Baby dinosaurs from the Lance and Hell Creek formations and a description of a new theropod." Contributions to Geology (1982), 20: 123–134.
  15. I was looking at some of my small theropod teeth, but I was not 100% sure what the best ID for these two teeth were. Any input or help would be appreciated. These were sold as Nanotyrannus, but very small chance of dromaeosaurid and Aguja dromaeosaurid respectively, but I think they might be Richardoestesia cf. gilmorei. The cross-section of the Hell Creek tooth I think rules out Dakotaraptor, or at the very least, does not match the known morphology. Edit: Oops, I used the really funky side of the ruler I'm using. I was going to use the millimeter side, but ending up using a side that measures 20mm per. The measurements are accurate though as I used calipers for that. Hell Creek Formation; Garfield County, Montana CBL: 6mm CBW: 2.4mm Mesial Density: 8-9/mm [Towards end of carinae] Distal Density: 11/2mm (5.5/mm) CH is a bit difficult since the tooth has heavy feeding wear, but it is 8.3mm tall, but could be significantly higher. The mesial carinae does not appear to extend to the base. Aguja Formation; Brewster County, Texas CH 6.4mm CBL 3.7mm CBW 1.4mm Mesial Density: Possibly worn down, or none Distal Density: 16/2mm (8/mm)
  16. Dino Dad 81

    Pachy node

    Hey all, Does this 3" specimen from the Hell Creek of Powder River co, MO look like a big node or like a section of dome?
  17. Dino Dad 81

    Dino bone

    Hi all, Any thoughts on what this piece is from hell creek in Garfield, MO? It’s about 2.5” x 2”. thanks!!
  18. Fullux

    Tiny theropod tooth

    Any idea what this little tooth could be from? It was found in the Hell Creek formation outside of Faith, South Dakota. It has no serrations and the seller says it may be a juvenile richardoestesia.
  19. FF7_Yuffie

    Two Hell Creek teeth

    Hi, A pair of teeth I am interested in. The first one, 1.25 inches. Sold as a dromaeosaur tooth from Hell Creek. Is it actually a Nano? It seems quite big for a raptor from Hell Creek. If a raptor, it would be Dakotaraptor because of the size? Next one is a Tyrannosaur-- just over 1 inch. Is it Tyrannosaur or another large raptor tooth? I have sent seller a message about the exact location -- county and stuff.
  20. Hi everyone, this is my first post on here. This specimen was labelled as a 'dinosaur jaw bone' and it was found in the Hell Creek Formation near Glendive, Montana. It is about 27 mm long. It does seem to me it belongs to a reptile of some sort but I haven't been able to find anything on the internet to identify it with any more specificity so I'd really appreciate your expertise in identifying it. Thanks everyone!
  21. Dino Dad 81

    Turtle toe bone?

    Hi, Am I correct that this toe bone from HCf "near Glendive" Montana is from a turtle? Thanks!!
  22. ThePhysicist

    Paravians of Hell Creek

    From the album: Hell Creek / Lance Formations

    Even in the final years of the non-avian dinosaurs, the paravians remained diverse, with many species represented in the famed Hell Creek formation.
  23. ThePhysicist

    Avisaurus tooth

    From the album: Hell Creek / Lance Formations

    Avisaurus cf. archibaldi Hell Creek Fm., Garfield Co., MT, USA More information Avisaurus is an extinct, toothed Enantiornithine bird that lived at the very end of the Cretaceous. It likely held a similar niche that hawks/eagles do today, preying on small vertebrates like lizards and mammals.
  24. ThePhysicist

    Ceratopsid Tooth

    From the album: Hell Creek / Lance Formations

    A rooted Ceratopsid tooth - either Triceratops or Torosaurus (though it's more likely to be Triceratops since it was far more abundant in the HC ecosystem).
  25. Dino Dad 81

    Dromie toe digit 2 phalanx 2?

    Hi all, I think this toe bone from the Hell Creek in South Dakota has to either be a digit 2 phalanx 2 from a dromaeosaurid or it's probably not even dinosaurian. Please give me your thoughts. Thanks!!
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