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Showing results for tags 'mass extinction'.
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Scientists Uncover New Information Regarding Toarcian (Early Jurassic) Mass extinction
Oxytropidoceras posted a topic in Fossil News
Scientists Uncover New Information Regarding an Ancient Mass Extinction Event Florida state University, SciTechDailey, December 22, 2022 The open access paper is: Them, T.R., Owens, J.D., Marroquín, S.M., Caruthers, A.H., Alexandre, J.T. and Gill, B.C., 2022. Reduced Marine Molybdenum Inventory Related to Enhanced Organic Carbon Burial and an Expansion of Reducing Environments in the Toarcian (Early Jurassic) Oceans. AGU Advances, 3(6), p.e2022AV000671. open access Yours, Paul H.-
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Clam fossils help calibrate phylogenic calculations
Oxytropidoceras posted a topic in Fossil News
Clam fossils help scientists find errors in evolutionary tree calculations by Louise Lerner, University of Chicago, PhysOrg, Decemebr 2, 2021 Tha paywalled paper is: Nicholas M. A. Crouch et al, Calibrating phylogenies assuming bifurcation or budding alters inferred macroevolutionary dynamics in a densely sampled phylogeny of bivalve families, Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences (2021). DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2021.2178 Yours, Paul H. -
Which brachiopods went extinct during mass extinction event's
DE&i posted a topic in General Fossil Discussion
Hi there... Elliot here. Could someone name some species of brachiopods please that became extinct during mass extinction event's. As I'm struggling to find any references. Thank you very much. Elliot. -
Fingerprint-like fossil and suspected mass extinction event imprinted rock
CornelDumitru posted a topic in Fossil ID
Hello! Please help me with this two part question. First, to ID the fossil. The following 3 specimens are imprinted on the same ("the upper") side of this rock. Specimen #1: Specimen #2: Specimen #3:
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The Boltysh impact structure: An early Danian impact event
Oxytropidoceras posted a topic in Fossil News
The dinosaurs didn’t go out the way you think they did — study The paper is: Pickersgill, A.E., Mark, D.F., Lee, M.R., Kelley, S.P. and Jolley, D.W., 2021. The Boltysh impact structure: An early Danian impact event during recovery from the K-Pg mass extinction. Science Advances. Vol. 7, no. 25, eabe6530 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abe6530 Yours, Paul H. -
The Shunga Event: Paleoproterozoic petroleum deposits and a possible mass extinction
Oxytropidoceras posted a topic in Fossil News
The Shunga Event; did a Precambrian mass extinction give rise to an ancient supergiant oil field? Geological Digressions, Earth science resources, SCICOMM Ancient Earth, Precambrian geology, origin of life, atmosphere, oceans Yours, Paul H.-
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K-Pg Impact Spurred the Evolution of the Modern Rainforest
Oxytropidoceras posted a topic in Fossil News
How the Dinosaur-Killing Asteroid Spurred the Evolution of the Modern Rainforest New evidence from fossil plants shows today’s South American rainforests arose in the wake of Earth’s fifth mass extinction. Smithsonian Magazine Prior to the Chicxulub impact, rainforests looked very different Plant fossils from Colombia show a turnover from conifers to today's forests. by Doug Johnson, Ars Technica, April 1, 2021 Paper Carvalho, M.R., Jaramillo, C., de la Parra, F. et al. 2021. Extinction at the end-Cretaceous and the origin of modern Neotropical rainforests. Science. Vol. 372, Issue 6537, pp. 63-68 Related papers Wing, S.L., Herrera, F., Jaramillo, C.A., Gómez-Navarro, C., Wilf, P. and Labandeira, C.C., 2009. Late Paleocene fossils from the Cerrejón Formation, Colombia, are the earliest record of Neotropical rainforest. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 106(44), pp.18627-18632. Graham, H.V., Herrera, F., Jaramillo, C., Wing, S.L. and Freeman, K.H., 2019. Canopy structure in Late Cretaceous and Paleocene forests as reconstructed from carbon isotope analyses of fossil leaves. Geology, 47(10), pp.977-981. Yours, Paul H.- 1 reply
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Pulsed volcanic combustion events and end-Permian ecosystem collapse and soil erosion
Oxytropidoceras posted a topic in Fossil News
Kaiho, K., Aftabuzzaman, M., Jones, D.S. and Tian, L., 2020. Pulsed volcanic combustion events coincident with the end-Permian terrestrial disturbance and the following global crisis. Geology. vol 49. Open access Researchgate PDF file of above paper PDF files of related papers Biswas, R.K., Kaiho, K., Saito, R., Tian, L. and Shi, Z., 2020. Terrestrial ecosystem collapse and soil erosion before the end-Permian marine extinction: Organic geochemical evidence from marine and non-marine records. Global and Planetary Change, 195, no.103327. Other papers Yours, Paul H. -
Leaf fossils show severe end- Cretaceous plant extinction in Southern Argentina
Thecosmilia Trichitoma posted a topic in Fossil News
The article from Science Daily= https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/01/210105130123.htm The Source Paper= https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/paleobiology/article/cretaceouspaleogene-plant-extinction-and-recovery-in-patagonia/94645848E3BE16AC818320248C725734 (I found this paper to be quite well written, and would recommend you read it too.)-
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For Late Ordovician graptolites, a long decline before extinction
Oxytropidoceras posted a topic in Fossil News
For ancient deep-sea plankton, a long decline before extinction University of Buffalo, Press release by Charlotte Hsu Sheets, H.D., Mitchell, C.E., Melchin, M.J., Loxton, J., Štorch, P., Carlucci, K.L. and Hawkins, A.D., 2016. Graptolite community responses to global climate change and the Late Ordovician mass extinction. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 113(30), pp.8380-8385. Researchgate PDF for above paper Related publications Yours, Paul H. -
Exploding stars may have caused mass extinction on Earth, study shows, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, August 18, 2020 "Killer cosmic rays from nearby supernovae could be the culprit behind at least one mass extinction event, researchers said, and finding certain radioactive isotopes in Earth's rock record could confirm this scenario." The open access paper is: Brian D. Fields, Adrian L. Melott, John Ellis, Adrienne F. Ertel, Brian J. Fry, Bruce S. Lieberman, Zhenghai Liu, Jesse A. Miller, Brian C. Thomas. Supernova triggers for end-Devonian extinctions. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2020; 202013774 Yours Paul H.
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Volcanic origin for Younger Dryas geochemical anomalies ca. 12,900 cal B.P.
Oxytropidoceras posted a topic in Fossil News
Texas cave sediment upends meteorite explanation for global cooling by Baylor University August 1, 2020 https://phys.org/news/2020-07-texas-cave-sediment-upends-meteorite.html The paper is: Sun, N, Brandon, A.D., Forman, S.L., Waters, M.R. and Befus, K.S., 2020. Volcanic origin for Younger Dryas geochemical anomalies ca. 12,900 cal B.P. Science Advances, 6(31), eaax8587 https://advances.sciencemag.org/content/6/31/eaax8587 Related papers: Holliday, V.T., Bartlein, P.J., Scott, A.C. and Marlon, J.R., 2020. Extraordinary biomass-burning episode and impact winter triggered by the Younger Dryas cosmic impact∼ 12,800 years ago, parts 1 and 2: a discussion. The Journal of Geology, 128(1), pp.69-94. https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.1086/706264 Wolbach, W.S., Ballard, J.P., Mayewski, P.A., Kurbatov, A., Bunch, T.E., LeCompte, M.A., Adedeji, V., Israde-Alcántara, I., Firestone, R.B., Mahaney, W.C. and Melott, A.L., 2020. Extraordinary Biomass-Burning Episode and Impact Winter Triggered by the Younger Dryas Cosmic Impact∼ 12,800 Years Ago: A Reply. The Journal of Geology, 128(1), pp.95-107. https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.1086/706265 Yours, Paul H.-
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Asteroid shower on the Earth-Moon system 800 million years ago
Oxytropidoceras posted a topic in Fossil News
Asteroid shower rained space rocks on Earth and the moon 800 million years ago By Charles Q. Choi, SpaceCom, July 21, 2020 Asteroid shower on the Earth-Moon system 800 million years ago revealed by lunar craters by Osaka University, PhysOrg, July 21, 2020 The open access paper is: Terada, K., Morota, T. & Kato, M. Asteroid shower on the Earth-Moon system immediately before the Cryogenian period revealed by KAGUYA. Nature Communications (2020). DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17115-6 Yours, Paul H.-
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New insight into the Great Dying, Permian mass extinction
Oxytropidoceras posted a topic in Fossil News
New insight into the Great Dying, University of Leeds, June 11, 2020 https://phys.org/news/2020-06-insight-great-dying.html The open access paper is: Jacopo Dal Corso, Benjamin J. W. Mills, Daoliang Chu, Robert J. Newton, Tamsin A. Mather, Wenchao Shu, Yuyang Wu, Jinnan Tong, and Paul B. Wignall (2020) Permo-Triassic boundary carbon and mercury cycling linked to terrestrial ecosystem collapse. Nature Communications 11, Article number: 2962 doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-16725-4 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-16725-4 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-16725-4.pdf Yours, Paul H.- 2 replies
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- permian mass extinction
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Permian coal-burning by Siberian Traps in Siberia led to climate change
Oxytropidoceras posted a topic in Fossil News
Coal-burning in Siberia led to climate change 250 million years ago, Arizona State University https://asunow.asu.edu/20200615-coal-burning-siberia-led-climate-change-250-million-years-ago Elkins-Tanton, L.T., Grasby, S.E., Black, B.A., Veselovskiy, R.V., Ardakani, O.H. and Goodarzi, F., 2020. Field evidence for coal combustion links the 252 Ma Siberian Traps with global carbon disruption. Geology, 48. (open access) https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/gsa/geology/article/doi/10.1130/G47365.1/587319/Field-evidence-for-coal-combustion-links-the-252 Yours, Paul H. -
Late Ordovician mass extinction - volcanism and warming or cooling and glaciation?
Oxytropidoceras posted a topic in Fossil News
There is a series of open access papers about what caused the Late Ordovician mass extinction. They are: Bond, D.P. and Grasby, S.E., 2020. Late Ordovician mass extinction caused by volcanism, warming, and anoxia, not cooling and glaciation. Geology. https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/gsa/geology/article/doi/10.1130/G47377.1/586486/Late-Ordovician-mass-extinction-caused-by Mitchell, C. E., and Melchin, M.J., 2020. COMMENT: Late Ordovician mass extinction caused by volcanism, warming, and anoxia, not cooling and glaciation. Geology https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/gsa/geology/article/doi/10.1130/G47946C.1/587311/COMMENT-Late-Ordovician-mass-extinction-caused-by Bond, D.P. and Grasby, S.E., 2020. REPLY: Late Ordovician mass extinction caused by volcanism, warming, and anoxia, not cooling and glaciation. Geology. https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/gsa/geology/article/doi/10.1130/G47984Y.1/587312/REPLY-Late-Ordovician-mass-extinction-caused-by Wang, G., Zhan, R. and Percival, I.G., 2019. The end-Ordovician mass extinction: A single-pulse event?. Earth-Science Reviews, 192, pp.15-33. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012825218305099 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/331275476_The_end-Ordovician_mass_extinction_A_single-pulse_event https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Gx_Wang2 Yours, Paul H.-
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UV-B radiation blamed for Devonian-Carboniferous boundary terrestrial extinction
Oxytropidoceras posted a topic in Fossil News
End-Devonian Mass Extinction Caused by Erosion of Ozone Layer, New Study Finds, Sci-News. May 28, 2020 http://www.sci-news.com/paleontology/end-devonian-mass-extinction-erosion-ozone-layer-08477.html No asteroids needed: ancient mass extinction tied to ozone loss, warming climate By Paul Voosen Science News, May. 27, 2020 https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/05/no-asteroids-or-volcanoes-needed-ancient-mass-extinction-tied-ozone-loss-warming The open access paper is: John E. A. Marshall, Jon Lakin, Troth, and Sarah M. Wallace-Johnson, 2020, UV-B radiation was the Devonian-Carboniferous boundary terrestrial extinction kill mechanism. Science Advances 27 May 2020: Vol. 6, no. 22, eaba0768 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aba0768 https://advances.sciencemag.org/content/6/22/eaba0768 https://advances.sciencemag.org/content/6/22/eaba0768/tab-pdf Yours, Paul H. -
New Investigation of a Greenland ice core platinum anomaly near the Bølling-Allerød/Younger Dryas boundary
Oxytropidoceras posted a topic in Fossil News
Green, C. E., 2019. Investigating the origin of a Greenland ice core geochemical anomaly near the Bølling-Allerød/Younger Dryas boundary (Doctoral dissertation, Durham University). http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/13490/ http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/13490/1/C_Green_thesis_final_CORRECTIONS.pdf Green (2019) noted: "The source of a platinum peak identified in the Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2 (GISP2) ice core associated with high platinum/iridium (Pt/Ir) and platinum/aluminium (Pt/Al) ratios, and previous research attributed the anomaly to an unusual iron-rich Ir-poor meteorite impact." Green (2019) concluded: I. the Laacher See eruption is not the Pt spike source because: A. the Laacher See tephra has low Pt concentrations, B. the Laacher See tephra’s geochemical ratios are dissimilar to the GISP2 Pt spike and C. conversion of the Pt spike timing to the newest ice core age-depth model shows a chronological offset of ~60 years between the two events. II. The event resulting in the Pt spike occurred ~60 years after GS-1 cooling, and was therefore not the primary trigger. III. and the Pt spike origin is interpreted as either: A. a noncataclysmic impact of an undiscovered iron meteorite B. or an unidentified Pt-rich volcanic eruption contemporaneous with the anomaly, whose aerosol fractionated in the atmosphere or ice. Yours, Paul H. -
Racki, G., 2020, Volcanism as a prime cause of mass extinctions: Retrospectives and perspectives, in Adatte, T., Bond, D.P.G., and Keller, G., eds., Mass Extinctions, Volcanism, and Impacts: New Developments: Geological Society of America Special Paper 544, p. 1–34 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/337951571_Volcanism_as_a_prime_cause_of_mass_extinctions_Retrospectives_and_perspectives https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Grzegorz_Racki Racki, G., Rakociński, M., Marynowski, L. and Wignall, P.B., 2018. Mercury enrichments and the Frasnian-Famennian biotic crisis: A volcanic trigger proved?. Geology, 46(6), pp.543-546. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/326031821_Mercury_enrichments_and_the_Frasnian-Famennian_biotic_crisis_A_volcanic_trigger_proved Let's be careful out there, Paul H.
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Reef-building coral exhibiting 'disaster traits' akin to the last major extinction event
msantix posted a topic in Fossil News
A new study shows that stony corals, which provide food and shelter for almost a quarter of all ocean species, are preparing for a major extinction event. Researchers identified an increased prevalence of certain traits found with previous extinction-survival characteristics among corals. By studying the fossil record of coral skeletons, they were able to determine that corals are showing some survival traits that match the last major extinction event 66mya. These traits include an increase in deep water residence, cosmopolitan distributions, smaller colonies, non-symbiotic relationship to algae and higher resistance to bleaching. The study also discusses in detail the comparison to primates and discusses how primates don't show the same survival characteristics that some corals do. Finally the authors state that the corals that are likely to survive extinction are less likely to be from tropical coral reefs and more likely to be from smaller, solitary, slower growing & deep dwelling corals. https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/03/200303113246.htm Gal Dishon, Michal Grossowicz, Michael Krom, Gilad Guy, David F. Gruber, Dan Tchernov. Evolutionary Traits that Enable Scleractinian Corals to Survive Mass Extinction Events. Scientific Reports, 2020; 10 (1) - the article is open access https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-60605-2#rightslink-
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Yale University. "In death of dinosaurs, it was all about the asteroid -- not volcanoes." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 16 January 2020. https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/01/200116141708.htm Meteorite or Volcano? New Clues to the Dinosaurs’ Demise Twin calamities marked the end of the Cretaceous period, and scientists are presenting new evidence of which drove one of Earth’s great extinctions. New York Times, January 16, 2020 https://www.nytimes.com/2020/01/16/science/dinosaurs-extinction-meteorite-volcano.html The paper is: Hull, P.M., Bornemann, A., Penman, D.E., Henehan, M.J., Norris, R.D., Wilson, P.A., Blum, P., Alegret, L., Batenburg, S.J., Bown, P.R. and Bralower, T.J., 2020. On impact and volcanism across the Cretaceous- Paleogene boundary. Science, 367(6475), pp.266-272. https://science.sciencemag.org/content/367/6475/266.abstract Yours, Paul H.
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The Dinosaur-Killing Asteroid Acidified the Ocean in a Flash The Chicxulub event was as damaging to life in the oceans as it was to creatures on land, a study shows. New York Times https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/21/science/chicxulub-asteroid-ocean-acid.html Tiny shell fossils reveal how ocean acidification can cause mass extinction By Julie Zaugg, CNN, October 22, 2019 https://www.cnn.com/2019/10/22/europe/ocean-acidification-asteroid-intl-hnk-scn/index.html New study underpins the idea of a sudden impact killing off dinosaurs and much of the other life, GFZ GeoForschungsZentrum Potsdam, Helmholtz Centre October 22, 2019 https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/10/191022080721.htm The open access paper is: Michael J. Henehan, Andy Ridgwell, Ellen Thomas, Shuang Zhang, Laia Alegret, Daniela N. Schmidt, James W. B. Rae, James D. Witts, Neil H. Landman, Sarah E. Greene, Brian T. Huber, James R. Super, Noah J. Planavsky, Pincelli M. Hull, 2019, Rapid ocean acidification and protracted Earth system recovery followed the end-Cretaceous Chicxulub impact. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Oct 2019, 201905989; DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1905989116 https://www.pnas.org/content/early/2019/10/15/1905989116 Yours, Paul H.
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More Evidence for volcanism as cause of Permian mass extinction
Oxytropidoceras posted a topic in Fossil News
New evidence suggests volcanoes caused biggest mass extinction ever Mercury found in ancient rock around the world supports theory that eruptions caused 'Great Dying' 252 million years ago. University of Cincinnati, Science Daily, April 15, 2019 https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/04/190415122249.htm The open access paper is: Jun Shen, Jiubin Chen, Thomas J. Algeo, Shengliu Yuan, Qinglai Feng, Jianxin Yu, Lian Zhou, Brennan O’Connell, Noah J. Planavsky. Evidence for a prolonged Permian–Triassic extinction interval from global marine mercury records. Nature Communications, 2019; 10 (1) https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-019-09620-0 Yours, Paul H.-
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https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2019-01/fm-idc012319.php http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/deadthings/2019/01/31/antarctanax/?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A DiscoverBlogs (Discover Blogs)
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Was the Falkland Islands region hit by a giant asteroid?
Oxytropidoceras posted a topic in Fossil News
Stone, P. and McCarthy, D., 2018. Were the Falkland Islands hit by a giant asteroid 250 million years ago?. Falkland Islands Journal, 11(2), pp.42-54. http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/521520/ http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/521520/1/STONE AND MCCARTHY FIJ 2018pp 42-54.pdf Yours, Paul H.- 1 reply
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