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  1. Doctor Mud

    Cetacean bone

    Hi folks. I found this very dense bone today. It was already weathered out of the Siltstone. It’s 16cm or 6 inches long most likely late Pliocene I think definitely cetacean and wondered about premaxilla. “Top” oyster shell attached top of picture remains of barnacles visible in other photos. ends. Note the canals. Couple of oblique views to show surface texture such as longitudinal grooves thanks for looking.
  2. Hello everyone, I was recently looking at one of our local beaches. I didn’t have a lot of time so went where most people go. Sometimes even though it is picked over you might still find something special. I often think, there could be just a few mm of sand covering up something special! I saw this sitting there waiting for me and thought. That’s cool. Level of excitement maybe a 6 out of 10? I hadn’t seen associated verts like this at this site and was thinking “shark or fish” (p.s. photos are at home after finding it in better light. But pretty much what saw on the beach) I was leaning towards shark and then flipped it over. Excitement went to 9/10!! I couldn’t believe what I was seeing. This looked like preserved shark “skin” or at least in situ dermal denticles. A first for me at this site. If you’d like to join me down a wormhole on learning about shark dermal denticles. Read on! This is a normal journey I take as I learn as much as I can about each fossil. Every fossil has something to teach. About the environment the animal lived in or the creature itself. I’ve learnt a lot about biology/ecology this way. if you zoom in under the scope, there are 2 layers of denticles. The top one most visible in the above photo seems to be looking at the base of the denticles from underneath, like a skin has folded on itself these look like the “roots” of the denticles. In the photo below. Each one about 1-2mm across In the photo below is the underside of the top of some denticles A tricuspid type. A few mm across. So zoomed in more than the above photos. these look like the “drag reduction” type tricuspid denticles top left in the figure below. This figure shows that sharks will have different types of denticles on different parts of the body. The proportions and types differ depending on ecology. Pelagic (requiring drag reduction) vs bottom feeding (demersal) requiring protection from abrasion. I searched around the specimen and found a few examples looking at the top of the denticles. Below. Unedited Photo above with red sketch to highlight features below. denticle is a couple of mm across. You can see the crests typical of the drag reduction type. below: looking side on at an individual denticle. The “root” at the bottom and tricuspid denticle on top. so how to move forward? The matrix isn’t acid soluble. But I’d like to be able to clearly see some complete denticles. Gentle air abrasion? I’m not sure if an ID to family will be possible. I have shown a shark tooth/denticle expert (from Japan) and he thought we could narrow it down to Triakidae (hound sharks) or Pentanchidae (deep water cat sharks). The age range is Miocene- Pliocene for the coast in this area. I think Late Pliocene for this based on lithology. So now…..where is the rest of the shark? Thanks for following along!
  3. One of the places I frequent used to have a sheep that lived all by itself it it’s own gully. I presume it had got down into it as a lamb and couldn’t get back up. It had a tail and lots and lots of wool. don’t worry there is a fossil in this story! I used to go visit him every time I was there until one day I discovered him lying down in his flax bush bed. Never to get up again. Who knew you could get so attached to a sheep. I went to visit the gully today and at the bottom of the gully this was sticking out the ground. It is the first complete one I have found. I just had to lever it out with my pick and rinse it. It had nicely weathered out of the host rock that can be very hard. it’s Crassostrea, which has a time range from Late Pliocene to early Pleistocene. it’s aptly named as “crass” means thick in Latin. It’s a chonk alright! Theres a little matrix still attached. I might just leave it there.
  4. Hi All I found my largest shark tooth this past weekend here in New Zealand. I thought it was a Great White at first but a few people have thought it might be a transitional one. I was wondering if one of the shark tooth experts could have a look and let me know their thought Here is a bit of video of it as well: https://youtu.be/U-i8W2aOtLE?t=373 Thanks!
  5. svcgoat

    Crab from New Zealand

    I started prepping this crab I purchased when I was in New Zealand. I am relatively new to prepping so not sure how much more to do. I cleaned up the crab and revealed a little bit more of it so far. Not exactly sure how much more is hiding under the matrix
  6. Doctor Mud

    Vertebra puzzle

    Hi folks, I haven’t posted in a while, but I still visit and enjoy the forum most weeks. Thanks everyone. Just a curiosity. A find at the end of the day that, made me think….that’s a little odd, is that normal? I don’t know enough. but I know where to ask! Here is half of a vertebra. 2 inches across. At this site it can be anywhere from Cretaceous to Pleistocene marine. New Zealand. we’ve found Miocene and Pliocene cetaceans, seals and penguins. Plus cretaceous plesiosaur and Mosasaur vertebra. There is huge variation in the preservation of bone from these ages. This vert fragment doesn’t seem to fit into what I’ve seen from cetaceans or marine reptiles. But that’s just the bones I’ve seen. It has thick dense cortical bone and much more open cancellous bone than I’m used to for cetacean. But wondered since it’s small if it could be an ontogenetic thing. Thicker cortical bone in juveniles. Anyway just a curiosity and an opportunity me to learn something. Thanks
  7. Entoloma

    12kg Tumidocarcinus prep

    A few months ago, I came across this big crab concretion sticking out of the sand. It was my second largest of the day, but only by a mere 10kg! Still! 12kg aint too bad. Where I found it, was quite sandy, and another fossil hunter had been there before me, but fortunately he hugged the cliff face, there and back. I walked towards the ocean and spied some legs sticking out of the sand! I started this prep with my ZOIC chicago and rounded chisel tip. It removed 2kg of rock in two hours. Not the fastest, but it beats my old dremel by a long shot!
  8. To pass some time I've been recently researching early Paleocene life and I keep coming back to researching (in my view) the two strangest and controversial Late Cretaceous-Early Paleocene Formations I know of. These are the Hornerstown Formation dating 66.5-65.5 Million Years ago in what is now New Jersey, U.S. And the Takatika Grit Formation dating 66.5-60.0 Million Years ago in what is now the Chatham Islands, New Zealand. https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/document?repid=rep1&type=pdf&doi=0b3baee9ab1afc7973337f5047495b723fcfa4f2 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/315461615_The_age_of_the_Takatika_Grit_Chatham_Islands_New_Zealand https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0195667109000184?via%3Dihub I've read many reports about these formations and the pretty controversial stuff that's been found in both these areas (Paleocene ammonites and reports of archaic marine reptiles like Paleocene Mosasaurs). I'm really not 100% sure what to make of this as I've heard conflicting hypotheses on whether these more archaic marine reptile fossils were reworked from older formations while others say it's not too too likely? https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-paleontology/article/abs/maastrichtian-ammonites-from-the-hornerstown-formation-in-new-jersey/4F051D07668B7B893EEFECF0506E2F1B https://bioone.org/journals/acta-palaeontologica-polonica/volume-57/issue-4/app.2011.0068/Short-Term-Survival-of-Ammonites-in-New-Jersey-After-the/10.4202/app.2011.0068.full For most of these "controversial" specimens, I would say reworking is likely while some I'll admit I'm not sure? For the Mosasaurs, it's clear that the astroid impact 66 Million Years ago caused their total extinction, but I'm still not 100% convinced that none emerged from the event alive (at least barely) and swam the seas in the very first days of the Danian Paleocene but not too long after. Unlike the mostly terrestrial Non-Avian Dinosaurs, which could only hide in so many places and it's very unlike more than a tiny amount of individuals (not enough to support a population) made it into the Paleocene, the Oceans have slightly more areas to hide and more even for endothermic air breathing animals like Mosasaurs (though as an endotherm, food does become a major issue especially when the ocean food chain nearly collapsed completely). What I'm wondering is how valid are at least "some" of these supposed archaic marine reptile and ammonite fossils from the earliest Paleocene sections of the Hornerstown Formation and the Takatika Grit? Also, of all the Maastrichtian Mosasaurs known so far, which ones would have been the mostly likely to have (at least briefly) survived the Cretaceous-Paleocene Extinction Event of 66 Million Years ago (would it have been generalist feeders, ones that specialized in deep sea hunting, ones with cosmopolitan distributions, ones small by mosasaur standards but still around the same size of the few confirmed large reptiles that survived the event like the 8 meter (26 feet) in length Thoracosaurus, or ones with all these traits and advantages)?
  9. Fossils of 10 unknown species found by sewage plant Paleontologists sifted through thousands of 3 to 3.7 million year-old fossils in New Zealand, which also included great white shark teeth and the spine of an extinct sawshark. by Laura Baisas, Popular Science, August 28, 2023 Auckland wastewater pipe dig reveals 'fossil treasure trove EurekAlert, August 28, 2023 The open access paper is: Bruce W. Hayward, Thomas F. Stolberger, Nathan Collins , Alan G. Beu, and Wilma Blom, 2023, A diverse Late Pliocene fossil fauna and its paleoenvironment at Māngere, Auckland, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics. Published online: 27 Aug 2023 Yours, Paul H.
  10. Life in maars: why it’s worth protecting a spectacular fossil site NZ almost lost to commercial mining interests John G. Gordan and otehrs, The Conversation, July 20, 2023 Foulden Maar: Dunedin City Council saves fossil site from mining by buying land RNZ, February2, 2023 Saving Foulden Maar-GSNZ lnvolvement Daphne Lee, Bruce W Hayward and Jennifer Eccles GSNZ Geoheritage Subcommittee Bruce Hayward publications A book on this site is: Lee, D., Kaulfuss, U. and Conran, J., 2022. Fossil Treasures of Foulden Maar: A Window Into Miocene Zealandia. Otago University Press. Yours, Paul H.
  11. After doing some research a few weeks back on the distribution of the extinct Haast's eagle (Hieraaetus moorei), I discovered there was a much larger array of large Accipitridae on island environments than I previously realized (the result of island gigantism) during the Pleistocene-Early Holocene. Sadly, many of these animals are now extinct asa result of direct human hunting or hunting of their food sources by the early-late Holocene. I've decided to make a quick list of all those I've identified, which hopefully can demonstrate the diversity these magnificent animals had during the Pleistocene-Early Holocene. Let me know if I forget any examples. New Zealand - Haast's eagle (Hieraaetus moorei) (Pleistocene-late Holocene (At least 1450 A.D.)) Eyles's Harrier (Circus teauteensis) (Pleistocene-Holocene) Crete - Cretan subspecies of the Golden Eagle (Aquila chrysaetos simurgh) (late Pleistocene) Cuba - Gigantohierax suarezi (Holocene) (0.012-0.005 years ago) Gigantohierax itchei (Holocene) (0.012-0.005 years ago) Borras's eagle-hawk (Buteogallus borrasi) (Pleistocene-early Holocene) Bahamas - Bahamian Titan Hawk (Titanohierax gloveralleni) (Pleistocene-Holocene) Hispaniolan Titan Hawk (Titanohierax sp.) (Pleistocene-Holocene) New Caledonia - Powerful goshawk (Accipiter efficax) Madagascar - Malagasy crowned eagle (Stephanoaetus mahery) (Pleistocene-late Holocene (at least 1500 A.D.)) Hawaii - Haliaeetus sp. (either new Haliaeetus species or a subspecies of the extant White-tailed Eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla)) (Pleistocene-Holocene) What do you guys think?
  12. Apology not accepted: Man who took 23 million-year-old fossil receives mixed response. (Karamea, New Zealand) Sinead Gill, Stuff, March 1, 2023 The legal quirks behind the 'theft' of a 23-million-year- old whale fossil cut from West Coast rock. (Karamea, New Zealand) Joanne NAsh and Sinead Gill, Stuff, October 26, 2022 Yours, Paul H.
  13. Leon Meads

    Fossil penguin or bird?

    I was cracking open concreations and found this inside it. It's looks like some sort of bone to me. It is super fragile and the bone that split is hollow. Found in Taranaki from miocene era.
  14. Doctor Mud

    Giant deep water barnacle

    Here’s something a little different. For years we’ve occasionally found remains of these giant barnacles on the beach at a Miocene site here in New Zealand. I wasn’t sure of the ID, or where exactly they were coming from. It was a bit of a mystery. A few weeks ago we went exploring in an area we hadn’t looked before and found a layer, where the only fossils are these barnacles! There is enough exposed to get a genus: Bathylasma. A deep water barnacle. In NZ the modern species Bathylasma alearum lives in water depths from 400-1600m. I collected this beauty, and just finished roughing it out today. It’s in softish Siltstone so can be prepped with a needle, brushes etc. I’ll update as prep progresses
  15. Some weird looking patterns in the rocks. I suspect it to be a trace fossil or a plant fossil but I am unsure. Does somebody know what they are? They are from northern Taranaki.
  16. Live Science Article Journal article: [paywall, PDF HERE]: One of the images from the article below (1/2. humerus with comparison to Emperor penguin, 3. 5th cervical vert with comparison to EP, 5. end of ulna, 6. patella, 7/8. distal end of humerus): Abbreviations (acr, processes acrocoracoideus; ch, caput humeri; cor, coracoid; cv, cervical vertebral; ft, fossa tricipitalis; hu, humerus; ip, impressio m. pectoralis; mtr, middle trochlear ridge; pat, patella; sb; scapular blade; sup, insertion scar for m. supracoracoideus; tc, tuberculum coracoideum, vtr, ventral trochlear ridge) Skeletal reconstructions of (left to right) Kumimanu fordycei, Petradyptes stonehousei, and Aptenodytes forsteri (modern emperor penguin):
  17. Found on a beach under a cliff , before i spend hours prepping do you think this is a crab? New to all of this so im not sure 20230210_201607.mp4
  18. Hi all. I haven’t posted on here for a while. But thought I’d share this beautiful Mauithoe insignis gastropod I found and prepped recently in New Zealand. It’s about mid Miocene age (12 million). There are only 2 sites in New Zealand where you can find this species. You usually find Mauithoe specimens around 4 cm in length, 7.5 cm is listed as the largest in the Bible on NZ fossil molluscs. Well this beast is bigger than that. As found After prep:
  19. I visited a new locality recently and spotted this concretion. I dont really split concretions these days unless there is a really good reason to do it. I prefer prospecting and looking for clues that something is inside. And - it’s hard work splitting these concretions Glad I rolled the dice on this one though. You just don’t get many Tumidocarcinus specimens with leg tips. Not a huge crab, but I like the small ones too. Should glue back together and prep nicely. Good separation on that carapace except for the usual trouble spot. That area near the front of the carapace is often sticky and fragile. A nightmare to prep sometimes. Just hope that left claw isn’t tucked under.
  20. Werner_In_NZ

    Is this fossil? Please help ID

    Hi, I have found this in New Zealand close to Orere Point on the North Island on a beach. Can someone please help me ID this? I believe it could be a tooth or a fossilized barnacle, or maybe a fancy rock :), thanks
  21. Please help this absolute amateur find out anything I can about the tooth I found this weekend. Found in Waverley, South Taranaki (New Zealand). Spotted it in a pile of shell rock in our driveway, just days before it was due to be concreted over. The shell rock came from a local quarry in Taranaki, New Zealand. I know absolutely nothing about fossils but would love to learn more after finding this so please give me any info you may have. Thank you!
  22. From the New York Times: https://www.nytimes.com/2022/10/26/world/australia/new-zealand-whale-fossil.html 2 men used a rock saw and chisel to extract a fossil whale out of a riverbank that was a local attraction. Its not clear if thats illegal per New Zealand law. There are a few quotes from Bobby Boessenecker in the article. It seems amateur and commercial fossil collecting has exploded in the past few years along with the fossil market. The article implies that we'll see more of a push to codify laws to protect these fossils in response.
  23. Hello. I picked this up the other day thinking it was wood, but on a closer look I could see webbing, with a bone like structure, however it is really worn. Would anyone have an idea on what it may belong too if it is indeed a bone? Found in a Cretaceous beach site, South Island, New Zealand. Many thanks in advance.
  24. jlcorbett

    Petrified wood maybe?

    Hi all im thinking this is petrified wood but im unsure ot is very heavy and feels like stone . From the otago coast of nz Thanks for your help
  25. Here is my most fun video to date. This is part 1 of a 3 part crab prepping series. Its about prepping 3 Tumidocarcinus crab concretions from New Zealand at the same time and all the problems that come with prepping them. Part 3, (isn't out yet) will have 2 BIG surprises! The entire series is almost 1 hour long but I had to cram in over 100 hours into an hour. Enjoy https://youtu.be/HlXroj1_hW0
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