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Taxonomy from Fossilworks.com. The occurrence of Trachinus minutus is limited to the lower part of the IPM2 zone, which has been delineated within the frame of the biostratigraphic fish zonation in the Polish Oligo-Miocene sediments by Kotlarczyk and Jerzmańska 2006. Diagnosis from Jerzmańska 1968, p. 453 (translated from french by oilshale):” Preopercule with 5 spines, one of them longer. Operculum with 2 spines. 30-31 vertebrae. In the first dorsal 6 spines, in the second 18-20 rays. Anal with 22-23 rays.” Line drawing from Prikryl 2017, p. 77: Identified by oilshale using Přikryl 2017. References: Jonet, S. (1958): Contributions à l’étude des schistes disodyliques oligocènes de Roumanie. La fauna ichthyologique de Homorâciu District de Prahova. Sociedade Tipográfica, Lda, Lisboa, 112 pp. Jerzmańska, A. (1968) Ichtyofaune des couches a menilite (flysch des Karpathes). – Acta Palaeontol. Pol., 13(3): 379-487. Pharisat, A. (1991): La paleoichthyofaune du Rupelian marin de Froidefontaine. – Ann. Sci. Univ. Fr.-Comté, Besançon, Geol., 4(11): 13-97. Kotlarczyk, J., Jerzmańska, A., Świdnicka, E., Wiszniowska, T. (2006) A framework of ichthyofaunal ecostratigraphy of the Oligocene-Early Miocene strata of the Polish Outer Carpathian basin. – Ann. Soc. Geol. Pol., 76: 1-111. Přikryl, T. (2009) A juvenile Trachinus minutus (Pisces, Perciformes, Trachinidae) from the Middle Oligocene of Litenčice (Moravia, Czech Republic). Acta Musei Nationalis Pragae Series B Historia Naturalis 65(1-2):3-8. Přikryl, T. (2017) Notes on development of the Oligocene trachinid Trachinus minutus ( Jonet, 1958). Palaeontographica Abteilung a -Stuttgart- 308(1-3):69-87.