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These tiny teeth (?) have me stumped, as did a bit of the Cabezon fauna I am working on. This site has been very helpful in identifying some of the rarer fossils, and I am asking for your help once again. At first glance, I thought these four dots were fungal or some other type of current plant material, but examining them under a microscope I am pretty convinced these have enameloid structures. Any idea of what they could be from? I am assuming some form of teleost at this time. Thanks for all of the help, past, present, and future!
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Identification of Teeth from Triassic Dinosaurs of New Mexico
Troodon posted a topic in General Fossil Discussion
A number of collectors are very interested in Triassic Dinosaur tooth material, however, lots of misinformation exists, partially because little is known and dealers want to sell product. My knowledge is very limited so I tried to put together an assemblage of current information that has been published so that we can all become better versed on this topic. I'm not saying its complete but its the best I can do with my limited knowledge. Most technical papers on this subject are outdated, difficult to read for a novice and not complete enough. Fortunately a recent, legible paper was published in 2015 by Heckert & Lucas that has helped me. I've tried to extract the pertinent information, associated with teeth, since that what most collectors are interested in. First let me get on my sandbox and say that we should NOT assume that what is being sold is accurately described regardless who is selling it or how much you like a dealer. Very little is known and even less is described. If a seller insists what he has identified is accurate, have him show you the technical documents that supports his diagnosis. There are a number of theropods and archosaurs in these assemblages that have serrated teeth so identification is difficult. Triassic dealers similar to those in the Kem Kem which label everthing Spinosaurus like to label everything Coelophysis. Just be cautious..its your money. Almost all the teeth you see sold come from New Mexico so I will focus in that region. A Map of New Mexico with the Triassic outcrops shown below as well as the associated Counties. The numbers correlate to the stratigraphic formations shown below in Figure 4. Figure 4 The Zuni Mountains in West-Central NM are from the lower Chinle Group (Bluewater Creek Fm) and contain Tetrapod fossils amphibians and phytosaurs and aetosaurs. Dinosaurs are possible but nothing is diagnostic. Faunal List of the lower Chinle Group Zuni Mountains Northern/West Central New Mexico has yielded some of the most interesting Vertebrate Fossils most associated with Coelophysis at Ghost Ranch. Included in this group are the Petrified Forest and Rock Point Formation of the western counties. Chindesaurus bryansmalli, Tawa hallae and Daemonosaurus chauliodus are considered valid a dinosaurs in the Petrified Forest Fm. Coelophysis bauri is valid from the Rock Point Formation. Faunal List of the Petrified Forest and Rock Point Formation - Key on this list is Coelophysis bauri in the Rock Point Fm Northeasten New Mexico (Bull Canyon and Redonda Formations). Heckerts 2015 paper comments that dinosaur fossils remains are rare in the Bull Canyon Formation. The coelophysoid Gojirasaurus quayi has been described but its taxonomic placement is uncertain. Herrerasauridae tooth fragments have been found but nothing has been assigned to a taxon. Heckerts & Lucas 2015 Paper on Triassic Vertebrate Paleontology in New Mexico https://libres.uncg.edu/ir/asu/f/Heckert_Andrew_triassic.pdf Bull Canyon Formation 2001 Paper on Vertebrate Fauna https://nmgs.nmt.edu/publications/guidebooks/downloads/52/52_p0123_p0151.pdf Latest placement ( Hans-Dieter Sues et al 2011 ) Coelophysis bauri Formation: Petrified Forest (Chinle Formation) Location: New Mexico, USA Other occurrences: cf Coelophysis may be found in other late Triassic exposures Characteristics: Most all the teeth are recurved Lots of variation is seen in these dentition Some mesial teeth have only distal denticles. Fluted ridges can be see on juveniles The enamel surface texture is braided Marginal and transverse undulations appear to be absent on most crowns.. Premaxillary teeth: rounded cross-section, smaller teeth are ribbed but smooth on larger ones. None show serrations. Maxillary Teeth: the first tooth is recurved with no serrations, second tooth has serrations only on the posterior carina. All the other maxillary teeth have serrations on both edges. Some of the teeth the serrations may be limited to the upper part of the anterior (mesial) edge. Dentary Teeth: the first seven teeth lack serrations, eight tooth serrations only on the posterior edge. Subsequent teeth have serrations on both edges. The first four teeth are elliptical (rounded) in cross-section being compressed after that. Measurements: (From Hendrickx 2019 study) (2 Premax, 15 Maxillary, 3 Dentary) (Not all crowns had serrations) Dentary Density: 40 to 45 / 5mm (Avg 40.0 / 5mm) Maxillary Density: 35 to 50 / 5mm (Avg 15 / 5mm) Average Ratio's: Premax CHR: 3.6, CBR: 0.4 Maxillary CHR: 1.6, CBR: 0.4 Dentary CHR: 2.4, CBR: 0.5 The Museum of Northern Arizona publication Coelophysis describes the teeth as follows: Distal Carina Denticles (Source on colored images C. Hendrickx) Skull characterized by fluted teeth in juveniles, procumbent mesial dentary and maxillary teeth. Also some unserrated mesial crowns Some mesial teeth have only distal denticles. The mesial carina is straight and extends well above the root in lateral teeth. The enamel surface texture is braided and marginal and transverse undulations appear to be absent on most crowns.. (2 photos) Fluted ridges can be see on juveniles Additional images Premaxillary, Maxillary and Dentary teeth shown - Striations visible Anterior maxillary tooth #2 Maxillary Tooth #4 Maxillary tooth #10 Maxillary denticles M#5 Dentary tooth Posterior Maxillary Tooth Paper on Coelophsis Teeth by Currie and Buckley Coelophisis.pdf Additional images of the teeth with no supporting info Good overall paper on C. bauri but does nothing to increase our knowledge on how to describe its teeth https://www.researchgate.net/publication/292525024_The_paleobiology_of_Coelophysis_bauri_Cope_from_the_Upper_Triassic_Apachean_Whitaker_quarry_New_Mexico_with_detailed_analysis_of_a_single_quarry_block Ken Carpenter described these teeth from the Bull Canyon fm as cf Coelophysis. A few skulls Other Theropods Gojirasaurus quayi : one tooth was described with the holotype however it was found isolated and cannot be positively assigned to this species. (Added a few pages below) Chindesaurus bryansmalli : not aware of any skeletal material Daemonosaurus chauliodus Characteristics: Characterized by 3 large premaxillary teeth, first 2 dentary teeth are procumbent, longitudinal ridges on the crowns, some constricted teeth, and hooked mesial denticles A Premaxillary Teeth #3 B Maxillary Teeth C Posterior most Maxillary Teeth Reference on Daemonosaurus: The osteology of the early-diverging dinosaur Daemonosaurus chauliodus (Archosauria: Dinosauria) from the Coelophysis Quarry (Triassic: Rhaetian) of New Mexico and its relationships to other early dinosaurs STERLING J. NESBITT and HANS-DIETER SUES http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/royprsb/278/1723/3459.full.pdf Tawa hallae : http://www.thefossilforum.com/applications/core/interface/file/attachment.php?id=503864 Characteristics All preserved premaxillary, maxillary and dentary teeth seem to be fluted on both sides Premaxillary are unserrated Maxillary teeth with a mesial denticulated carina reaching the root Interdenticular sulci present on both mesial and distal edges Teeth are very pointy Fifth? left maxillary tooth Scale: 1 cm images from C. Hendrickx twitter feed- 40 replies
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I found this fossil while hunting for ammonites in Rio Puerco valley. What is it?
seejay posted a topic in Fossil ID
Hello, I was out fossil hunting the other day and found this. At first, I thought it was a piece of ammonite and I am very new at this so I have no clue really. I have found a few ammonites now and the more I look at this thing the more I think it looks different. It's very clearly what looks to be bone(?) or solid shell that is the same shape on both sides, it has 7 extrusions going around the sides of the bottom half and the second half of the upper bone portion has broken off. Any ideas? Thanks Thanks to PFooley for helping me check out some new areas in my state!- 9 replies
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Hey all! This small jaw fragment was in the thousands of fossils pulled out of anthills. I am assuming it is a teleost. Other than several species of sharks, rays, and sawfish, there are pycnodonts, enchodus, and Protosphyraena. This looks like nothing I've found yet. Any ideas?
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I discovered this rock at the bottom of a dried arroyo in New Mexico this past June. I'm thinking it is a mud fossil. What do you think?
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Hello all! I have around a dozen of these teeth. (Found in New Mexico. Coniacian.) The very prominent lingual protuberance should be diagnostic, but I can't find a match. Eostriatolamia tenuiplicatus looks good, but the crown has striations, and these don't. Archaeolamna kopingensis also looked good, but the secondary cusps of this species are oriented away from the main cusp. Leptostyrax macrorhiza also has labial striations. The narrowness of the cusps and crown also has me baffled. Any ideas?
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Found this one near Florida Mountains, more specifically Round Hound State Park, Deming New Mexico. I did some cutting and polishing on one end so it that it could be displayed more easily on my desk but have not really researched it so any help would be great.
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What are the differences between Myledaphus and Pseudohypolophus?
readinghiker posted a topic in Questions & Answers
Good day, all! Can anyone tell me the differences between Myledaphus and Pseudohypolophus? All responses will be greatly appreciated!- 2 replies
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Here is another Cabezon taxa that I am having a hard time identifying. Is it Pseudohypolophus? Rhombodus? Myladephus? Something else? Any help will be greatly appreciated! Randy
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This is a well worn tooth from the Cabezon fauna. With the lingual and labial plications, I am assuming this is a Cretodus. The narrow cusp leads me towards C. semiplicatus. However, the accessory cusp is not as triangular as I would expect to see from this species. Am I right in my assumption concerning the species, or am I off base? Thanks!
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Full skeleton of a 300 million year old shark found in New Mexico nicknamed the Godzilla Shark has been officially named dracopristis. https://news.yahoo.com/news/godzilla-shark-discovered-mexico-gets-204437107.html
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Does anyone have a good picture of an onchosaurus oral tooth? Thanks!
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Hey everyone, I am trying to identify this tooth. My first guess would be an Ischyrhiza mira oral tooth, since I have a rostral tooth from the same site. But it also looks somewhat like the proposed Onchosaurus oral tooth as illustrated in Bourdon, et. al. (2011) page 39 tooth D. Or I could be completely off and it is some kind of orectolobid. What say you?
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Fossil found in Sierra County New Mexico in a wash located in the Monticello Canyon. Geological determination for this area is documented as Cretaceous - Mississippian. We have found horn coral and some type of sea sediment rock in the wash. Would like to have an opinion on this fossil embedded in rock.
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Hello all! I have finally finished sorting close to 300 pounds of anthill from north central New Mexico. I recovered (literally) close to 18,000 fossils! Most are identifiable, but there are a few that I can't put a name to. I am going to put up several for your expert analysis (not being facetious, you guys have an enormous amount of knowledge!) to see what you have to say. I will repeat this introduction for each grouping of photos, only changing the take number. Thank you all in advance! This fossil shows the internal structure that I normally see in Ptychodus. But when I flip it over, it is totally smooth. Any ideas?
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A newfound quasicrystal formed in the first atomic bomb test ‘Trinitite’ contains a material that is ordered but doesn’t repeat itself By Emily Conover, Science News, May 17, 2021 https://www.sciencenews.org/article/new-quasi-crystal-formed-first-atomic-bomb-test The paper is: Bindi, L., Kolb, W., G. Eby, N., Asimow, P. D., Wallace, T. C., and Steinhardt, P. J., 2021, Accidental synthesis of a previously unknown quasicrystal in the first atomic bomb test Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Jun 2021, 118 (22) e2101350118; DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2101350118 More about Quasicyrstals ‘Time crystals’ created in two new types of materials These crystals repeat their patterns at regular time intervals, not distances By Emily Conover, Science News, May 4, 2018 https://www.sciencenews.org/article/time-crystals-created-two-new-types-materials Third kind of quasicrystal found in Russian meteorite Odd mineral first to be discovered in nature before being made in lab By Thomas Summer, Science News, December 8, 2016 https://www.sciencenews.org/article/third-kind-quasicrystal-found-russian-meteorite The quest for quasicrystals is a physics adventure tale ‘The Second Kind of Impossible’ reveals how scientists found the strange materials in nature By Lisa Grossman, Science News, February 19, 2019 https://www.sciencenews.org/article/quest-quasicrystals-physics-adventure-tale Yours, Paul H.
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The first is a strange tooth whose crown extends far into the root. As you can see on the photos, there is a bulge at the bottom of the crown, and that the root extends up the sides of the crown quite a ways. Any ideas?
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There is a new centrosaurine ceratopsid from New Mexico described here: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12542-021-00555-w If anyone is unaware, the holotype of Menefeeceratops sealeyi was initially described by Williamson (1997), who refrained from from giving it a name because the holotype was incompletely prepared at the time of its initial description. With the description of new centrosaurines from southern Laramidia over the past decade, the exact relationships of Menefeeceratops to other centrosaurines have now been possible to decipher. Williamson, TE (1997). A new Late Cretaceous (early Campanian) vertebrate fauna from the Allison Member, Menefee Formation, San Juan Basin, New Mexico. In Lucas, SG; Estep, JW; Williamson, TE; Morgan, GS (eds.). New Mexico's Fossil Record 1. Albuquerque: New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 11: 51–59.
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The attached paper describe six osteoderms, two vertebrae, and a partial tooth discovered in the Menefee Formation of New Mexico and representing one of the earliest occurrences of Deinosuchus on the Laramidian subcontinent. https://peerj.com/articles/11302/
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I got many bags of micromatrix to sift through over the Summer, one of them being from the Bull Canyon Formation, which is Late Triassic in age (~227-208.5 Ma). As has been said many times before, not much is known about the teeth that can be found here, unfortunately. The vast majority of fossils that I've found so far are fish scales, lots of fish scales. I've found a few teeth, serrated and non-serrated (mostly partial), a couple of tooth plates/jaw fragments, and random chunks of bone. The matrix is about medium grain size. For scale, the sorting dish I'm using has 1 cm squares. Most of the rock is a red color, and the fossils are almost entirely white. Here are couple of "in situ" shots: Jaw section (fish?): Tooth plate (also fish?): Serrated tooth fragment: Non-serrated, striated tooth fragment (amphibian?): A nearly complete serrated tooth!:
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Day two of posts. I am posting four more fossils that I need help with. The first is a fragment. It looks like the tooth broke off right before the main cusp. There are two accessory cusps, the larger one looks like it has striations. This caused me to think of Cretodus semiplicatus. However, according to Welton, this shark only has one set of accessory cusps, never two. So any ideas?
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The final tooth of today is problematic in that it is a fragment. The main cusp seems to be complete, but that is all I can offer. Any help with this one? More to come tomorrow.
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The second tooth of today, at first glance, looks pycnodontid. But in the hundreds of pycnodont teeth I have found, I have never seen this type of ornamentation. And the root (as worn as it is) is definitely not that of a pycnodont. Any ideas?
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This is the other post that I was not able to find on the Forum (I'm sorry if I am just not finding it) This seems to be an odontaspid of some kind, but it is exceedingly small. Any ideas? I will be posting four more unknowns later today
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