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The Caturidae are represented in the Solnhofen Formation by at least four species: Caturus furcatus Agassiz 1834, Caturus giganteus Wagner, 1851, Caturus pachyurus Agassiz, 1833 (all from Solnhofen) and Caturus bellicianus Thiollière 1852 from Solnhofen, Germany and Cerin, France. The last two species were transferred to the revived sister genus Amblysemius (now Amblysemius pachyurus and Amblysemius bellicianus). C. furcatus was clearly a predator as evidenced by its mouth full of sharp teeth. It was a notable fast swimmer possessing an elongated, somewhat thickset body with slender head. Together with its only sister genus Amblysemius, Caturus was a member of the extinct Halecomorpha family Caturidae. It appears that the halecomorph Liodesmus, known from Solnhofen only, is related to the Caturids, rather than the Amiiforms, as has been usually surmised. Caturus possessed ganoid scales that are more cycloid in nature and as a member of the holosteans a bony skeleton with a partially ossified vertebral column. The head is short an equipped with powerfully toothed jaws. The dorsal fin is pointed and attached just posterior to the body's midpoint. anal fin is attached somewhat more to the rear. The caudal fin is large and deeply divided. Juvenile species.
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References: Vannier, J., Chen, J.−Y., Huang, D.−Y., Charbonnier, S., and Wang, X.−Q. (2006). The Early Cambrian origin of thylacocephalan arthropods. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 51 (2): 201–214. Vannier, J. et al. (2016) Exceptional preservation of eye structure in arthropod visual predators from the Middle Jurassic. Nat. Commun. 7:10320 doi: 10.1038/ncomms10320.
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Acanthoteuthis speciosa Wagner in Muenster, 1839
oilshale posted a fossil in Coleoids (Belemnites, Squid)
Acanthoteuthis is now considered as a member of the Belemnotheutida, a suborder of the Belemnitida. The ink sack suggests that this species lived not deeper than 200m. References: Dirk Fuchs, Sigurd von Boletzky and Helmut Tischlinger (2010): New evidence of functional suckers in belemnoid coleoids (Cephalopoda) weakens support for the 'Neocoleoidea' concept. Journal of Molluscan Studies 76(4):404-406 · October 2010-
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Several Late Jurassic macrosemiids are known from the Solnhofen limestones, including at least Notagogus, Histionotus, Voelklichthys and two species of Propterus: P. elongatus and P. microstomus. Taxonomy from Fossilworks.org. Diagnosis from Bartram 1977, p.179: "Propterus reaching standard length of 150 mm, although most specimens are about half this size; mean proportions as percentage of standard length: head length 33 %, trunk depth 38 %, predorsal length 40 %, prepelvic length 60 %, preanal length 84%; fin-ray counts: D(ant.) 10-13, D(post.) 10-14, P 17, V 6, A 5, C 15; about 36 lateral line scales; scales thin; two lobes of dorsal fin separated by a gap; anterior dorsal fin outline concave; no fulcra on posterior dorsal fin; cauda] fin-ravs bifurcating a maximum of twice." Line drawing from Bartram 1977, p. 181: Identified by oilshale using Bartram 1977. References: Bartram, A.W.H. (1977) The Macrosemiidae, a Mesozoic family of Holostean fishes. Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History (Geology), 29, 137-234. Gloria Arratia and Hans-Peter Schultze (2012): The macrosemiiform fish companion of the Late Jurassic theropod Juravenator from Schamhaupten, Bavaria, Germany. Fossil Record 15 (1) 2012, 5–25 / DOI 10.1002/mmng.201200001
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What are some of the neatest "slice of life" fossils?
aplomado posted a topic in General Fossil Discussion
What are some of the neatest "slice of life" fossils? That is, showing interactions of creatures with each other and the environment. Please post pictures of ones you like This is one I really like: Apparently a pterosaur grabbed a small fish out of the water, but was grabbed by a larger Aspidorhynchus fish; entangled together, they both died and were fossilized, along with the little fish in the pterosaur's throat! https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn26984-stunning-fossils-fish-catches-fish-catching-pterosaur/ -
Sea urchins are rare members of the Solnhofen biota.
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Field collection
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The horseshoe crab Mesolimulus walchi is reasonably common within the Solnhofen limestones. Ventral preservation. Lit.: Stunning Discovery: World’s Longest Fossilized ‘Death Track’
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The Caturidae are represented in the Solnhofen Formation by at least four species: Caturus furcatus Agassiz 1834, Caturus giganteus Wagner, 1851, Caturus pachyurus Agassiz, 1833 (all from Solnhofen) and Caturus bellicianus Thiollière 1852 from Solnhofen, Germany and Cerin, France. C. giganteus is now transferred to the new genus Strobilobodus; the last two species were transferred to the revived sister genus Amblysemius (now Amblysemius pachyurus and Amblysemius bellicianus). C. furcatus was clearly a predator as evidenced by its mouth full of sharp teeth. It was a notable fast swimmer possessing an elongated, somewhat thickset body with slender head. Together with its only sister genus Amblysemius, Caturus was a member of the extinct Halecomorpha family Caturidae. It appears that the halecomorph Liodesmus, known from Solnhofen only, is related to the Caturids, rather than the Amiiforms, as has been usually surmised. Caturus possessed ganoid scales that are more cycloid in nature and as a member of the holosteans a bony skeleton with a partially ossified vertebral column. The head is short an equipped with powerfully toothed jaws. The dorsal fin is pointed and attached just posterior to the body's midpoint. anal fin is attached somewhat more to the rear. The caudal fin is large and deeply divided. Less than 5% of all adult Caturus show peculiar anal fins with two small outgrows of unknown function (such as seen here). With a hefty 52cm or 20" in length, this is clearly an adult specimen.
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References Alessandro Garassino & Günter Schweigert. 2006. "The Upper Jurassic Solnhofen decapod crustacean fauna: review of the types from old descriptions. Part I. Infraorders Astacidea, Thalassinidea, and Palinura". Memorie della Società Italiana di Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano 34. Schlotheim E.F. von, 1822. Nachträge zur Petrefactenkunde, 1. Gotha: Becker
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References: Alessandro Garassino & Günter Schweigert. (2006). "The Upper Jurassic Solnhofen decapod crustacean fauna: review of the types from old descriptions. Part I. Infraorders Astacidea, Thalassinidea, and Palinura". Memorie della Società Italiana di Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano 34.ca | modifica wikitesto] Schlotheim E.F. von, (1822). Nachträge zur Petrefactenkunde, 1. Gotha: Becker
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Taxonomy from Maxwell et al. 2020. Identified by oilshale. References: Agassiz L. (1843) Recherches Sur Les Poissons Fossiles. Tome I (livr. 18). Imprimerie de Petitpierre, Neuchatel xxxii-188. Maxwell, E.E., Lambers, P.H., López-Arbarello, A., and Schweigert G. (2020) Re-evaluation of pachycormid fishes from the Late Jurassic of Southwestern Germany. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 65 (3): 429–453.
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Taxonomy from Grande & Bemis 1998. Diagnosis for the subfamily from Grande & Bemis 1998, p. 450: "†Solnhofenamiinae subfam. nov. differs from all other amiid subfamilies (Amiinae, †Vidalamiinae subfam. nov., and †Amiopsinae subfam. nov.) in the following adult characters A and B. (A) There is only a single subinfraorbital, and it is slender and rod-like (versus either a series of two or more subinfraorbitals or a single deep subinfraorbital bone, in all other amiids). (B) There is a higher number of epaxial procurrent caudal fin rays than in any other amiid (12 to 15). Both A and B are discussed further on page 596 and pages 582 and 583 as characters 43 (character state 2) and 44. Also, like †Amiopsinae subfam. nov. but unlike Amiinae and †Vidalamiinae subfam. nov., †Solnhofenamiinae subfam. nov. has a suborbital bone and a relatively low number of dentary teeth in adult-sized individuals (12 to 13 versus 15 to 17 in adult-sized †Vidalamiinae subfam. nov. and 14 to 21 in adult-sized Amiinae)." Diagnosis for the genus from Grande & Bemis 1998, p. 450: "As for subfamily (the subfamily contains only one genus with one species as used here)." Line drawing from Grande & Bemis 1998, p. 459: Identified by oilshale using Grande & Bemis 1998. References: Grande, L. & Bemis, W. (1998): A Comprehensive Phylogenetic Study of Amiid Fishes (Amiidae) Based on Comparative Skeletal Anatomy. an Empirical Search for Interconnected Patterns of Natural History. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. Vol. 18, 1998, Issue Supp-001, pp. 1-696.
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References: Kriwet, J. (2005).:A comprehensive study of the skull and dentition of pycnodont fishes. Zitteliana, 2005, A45, pp. 135-188.
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A close relative of the angel shark References: DETLEV THIES & ARMIN LEIDNER (2011): Sharks and guitarfishes (Elasmobranchii) from the Late Jurassic of Europe. Palaeodiversity 4: 63–184; Stuttgart. CARVALHO, KRIWET & THIES (2008): A systematic and anatomical revision of Late Jurassic angelsharks (Chondrichthyes: Squatinidae). S. Klug and J. Kriwet. (2013): An offshore fish assemblage (Elasmobranchii, Actinopterygii) from the Late Jurassic of NE Spain. Palaeontologische Zeitschrift 87(2):235-257.
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Proscinetes bernardi occurs only in the stratigraphically older Plattenkalks (Kelheim Kapfelberg, Painten, Zandt, and Ettling) from the late Kimmeridgian up to the eigeltingense horizon. References Ebert, M. (2013) The Pycnodontidae (Actinopterygii) in the late Jurassic: 1) The genus Proscinetes Gistel, 1848 in the Solnhofen Archipelago (Germany) and Cerin (France). Archaeopteryx 31: 22-43; Eichstätt.
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Pfalzpaint is famous for its jellyfish or Scyphozoa.
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From the album: Pseudofossils
© © abyssunder
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Solnhofen dragonfly - Highlighted or faked?
-Andy- posted a topic in Is It Real? How to Recognize Fossil Fabrications
Hi all. I'm interested in getting a Solnhofen dragonfly. This one caught my eye due to its unique preservation. I'm concerned about its authenticity though. I'm okay-ish with highlighting, but not if the wings are drawn on. What are your thoughts on this dragonfly here?
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Hi- Can anyone help me to ID the exact species of this Solnhofen fish? (it's roughly 7,5" long). Many thanks in advance, Fabio
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Urchin Feeding Trace next to Lumbricaria - Solnhoffen Limestone, Germany
GeschWhat posted a gallery image in Member Collections
From the album: Double Duty
Here is a microscopic view of the possible feeding trace. This to a YouTube video shows how the mouth parts of a modern urchin move while they eat. Age: Jurassic - Kimmeridgian Formation: Solnhofen Limestone (Plattenkalk) Location: Eichstätt, Bavaria, Germany© &c
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Urchin Feeding Trace next to Lumbricaria - Solnhoffen Limestone, Germany
GeschWhat posted a gallery image in Member Collections
From the album: Double Duty
Although this isn't really a fossil within a fossil, it is a trace fossil next to another trace fossil. In the circled area just above a rather substantial pile of coprolite, is what is thought to be a feeding trace left by a sea urchin. Long, stringy coprolites such as those show are classified Lumbricaria intestinum, which comes from the Latin word lumbricus, meaning "earthworm." They are thought to have originated from cephalopods including squid, ammonites, and cuddlefish. The modern octopus produces similar fecal extrusions. Age: Jurassic - Kimmeridgian Formation: Solnhofen Limestone (Plattenkalk) Location: Eichstätt, Bavaria, Germany© ©
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Hi all, I came across this tiny star shaped ichnofossil while prepping Lumbricaria I recently received. It measures about 2 mm across. I know something like it was posted on the forum not that long ago, but I can't seem to find it. Do you think it's an ichnofossil or just a mineral deposit? I have included photos of the Lumbricaria as well, including some micros of what I think are partially digested pieces of brachial segments. As always, thanks for your help!
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Solnhofen Dragonfly, Camarasaurus Tooth in Matrix, Allosaurus Metatarsel and T-Rex Tooth
Agos1221 posted a gallery image in Member Collections
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From the album: Fossil Collection
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