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Dear members, It’s time for another “review” of a palaeontological site I had the pleasure to excavate in. However this one is quite different from the others I already posted about: those were outcrops in Ohio, USA, where you could collect fossils freely or by signing a disclaimer. This time, instead, I had to operate alongside the institution that holds the concession to excavate and study the material. For fifteen days in August 2019 I excavated in the Late Triassic beds of Krasiejów, southwestern Poland, alongside the Institute of Paleobiology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, based in Warsaw. It is not the only “official” dig that I took part in, but, alas, the only I’m allowed to post pictures of! Krasiejów’s site has been exploited for the extraction of clay since the beginning of the XX century until 2002; the first scientific excavations took place in 1993 and the first publication was issued in 2000. Since then dozens of students and palaeontologists from all over the world have visited the site. The assemblage dates to the Late Triassic, but a more precise dating (Carnian or Ladinian) has not been assessed yet. Back then Poland was situated much southern on the Northern hemisphere, under subtropical conditions. Rivers formed extensive backwaters and swamps, separating islands from the dry mainland. Occasionally, intensive rainfall led to flooding that washed out skeletal remains and transported them to their final site of burial. Bones were then scattered and damaged, but rapid deposition led to their preservation. Krasiejów can therefore be classified as a Konzentrat-Lagerstätte. A section of the Bonebed is open to the public and it’s a truly mind-blowing sight! Dozens of skulls, mandibles and isolated bones of amphibians (later I’ll tell you exactly of which species) can be seen lying there since 220 million years ago. I pictured a small section of the bonebed, circling in yellow the skulls and in red the mandibles. The lithotypes that make up the outcrop are red claystone and grey pelites. Tools needed for excavating are geological hammers, pickaxes and shovels. That's what an usual day on the site looked like: The flora and invertebrate assemblage is not very rich: conifer cone scales and branches, freshwater bivalves and small arthropds. Fish were scarce and poorly preserved. In the case of lungfish, instead, toothplates were common: The most interesting aspect is represented by tetrapod bones: they are countless, even in my wildest dreams I could not have hoped of finding so many as I have! Metoposaurus was a temnospondyl amphibian characterized by a dorsoventrally flattened body up to 2 m (6,5 ft) long. Its bones are the most common remains in Krasiejów. It probably lived at the bottom of shallow-water reservoirs, as ambush predator hunting for fish and other small vertebrates. For air it had to resurface regularly, but it may not have been able to enter land. The bones on the bonebed belonged to it. Here you can see a close up of a mandible ramus from two perspectives, two ribs, a vertebra and interclavicle. Ciclotosaur, another temnospondyl amphibian, hunted on both water and land. It’s not easy to differentiate its bones from those of Metoposaurus on the field. Paleorhinus was a phytosaur, a 3,5 m (11,5 ft) long semi-acquatic predator superficially resembling a gavial. I have found a couple of teeth that belonged to it. Stagonolepis was a herbivorous, 3,5m long archosaur with a heavily armoured body. Its skull was small and equipped with conical teeth and a horny beak on the mandible and a fleshy snout on the upper jaw. It may have used them to dig food out of the ground. Osteoderms and teeth (not pictured) were rather common. We also found a femur of Stagonolepis: And a bone of the hind limb, that in order to be extracted and protected was covered with a field jacket of gypsum: Finally, a rauisuchian and dinosaur species make up the assemblage, but we didn’t find any of their bones since they are extremely rare. If you'd like to know more about Krasiejów, I suggest you to read these two papers: - Gruntmejer, K., Konietzko-Meier, D., & Bodzioch, A. (2015). The Triassic world of Krasiejów. FIELD GUIDE, 17. - Dzik, J. and Sulej, T. 2007. A review of the early Late Triassic Krasiejów biota from Silesia, Poland. Palaeontologia Polonica 64, 3–27. Well, that’s it! This excavation was an incredible experience for me, I met some great people and found amazing fossils! I hope you enjoyed and leave a comment if you have any question for me!! Fabio
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From the album: Vertebrates
Anenchelum glarisianum de Blainville 1818 Oligocene Rowne Poland Length 3cm Alternative combination: Lepidopus glarisianus-
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From the album: Vertebrates
Anenchelum glarisianum de Blainville, 1818 Oligocene Rowne Carpathians Poland Alternative combination: Lepidopus glarisianus-
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From the album: Fossildude's Purchased/Gift Fossils
Eomyctophum sp. Oligocene, Poland. This is an extinct genus, closely related to modern lanternfishes.© © 2016 Tim Jones
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From the album: Vertebrates
Scophthalmus stamatini PAUCA, 1931 Oligocene Menilite Formation Jamna Dolna Poland-
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Looking for assistance with the identification of these ammonites from Poland (either Niegowoniec or Odrodzieniec). Age is late Jurassic; Oxfordian. Orthosphinctes? Perisphinctes? The best that I can tell, the ribs on the big one are only bifurcate. Anyone have an idea from which formation they may have come? @Ludwigia
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Hi What is it? Age:Cretaceous, Touronian Location: Skałki Twardowskiego, Kraków, Southern Poland. The specimen was damaged during extraction. That is why it is glued.
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Hello, I have found these during my recent trip to Wymysłów and Śniadka, two locations in Poland with middle Devonian fossils of the Świętomarz Beds. The ones from Wymysłów seem to be some kind of trace fossils:
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Hi Is this ichnofossil? I found a specimen under an overturned tree so I don't know what time it is. This trace is on both sides in the same place.
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Like Palaeogadus, Eophycis is a member of the Gadiformes (including the cod and its allies). Eophycis differs from Palaeogadus by the continuous dorsal fin; Palaeogadus has two dorsal fins separated by a gap. References: A. Jerzmanska (1968) Ichtyofaune des couches a ménilite (flysch des Karpathes). Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 13(3):379-488. Tomáš Přikryl (2015): Skeletal anatomy of the early morid fish Eophycis (Gadiformes, Moridae) from an Oligocene deposit in Poland. Comptes Rendus Palevol 14(8):625-635.
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Taxonomy from Jerzmanska 1968. Diagnosis from Jerzmanska 1968, p. 437: "Cristae inferiores of the precaudal part do not merge with cristae inferiores of the tail. The latter, however, join cristae mediae of the precaudal part. 16-18 rings in precaudal part and about 19 in tail. In caudal part - 8 rays." Line drawing from Přikryl et al., p. 565. References: Jerzmanska.A (1968). Ichtyofaune des couches a ménilite (flysch des Karpathes). Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 13(3):379-488. Přikryl, T., Krzeminski, W., Kania I. (2011): New information about the anatomy of a peculiar fish of the genus Hipposyngnathus Daniltshenko, 1960. Comptes Rendus Palevol, Volume 10, Issue 7, October 2011, Pages 559–566. Přikryl, T., Kania, I. and Krzeminski, W. (2016) Synopsis of fossil fish fauna from the Hermanowa locality (Rupelian; Central Paratethys; Poland): current state of knowledge. Swiss Journal of Geoscience [M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
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From the album: Vertebrates
Properca sabbae PAUCA, 1929 Oligocene Menilite Formation Jamna Dolna Poland Length 1.5cm-
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Hi Some time ago I found such a Kelowa specimen in Częstochowa. Is this a coprolite? If so, who? It looks like something has been eaten by a brachiopod. thank you in advance for your help Dimensions: about 4.5 cm x about 2.5 cm.
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Found yesterday on limestone quarry near Cracow. Site is confirmed 100% jurrasic. Before any preparations I want to be sure what I'm dealing with. Could it be a part of a lobster?
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Last weekend I went for a very short trip to the Carpathian Mountains, to find some Oligocene stuff. Every year it becomes more and more difficult to find nice complete specimens, because the locations are (unfortunately ) quite easily accessible and therefore there are plenty of fossil hunters (especially now during holidays). The first location is situated close to the place we commonly refer to as the Polish Texas :), called Bóbrka - it is the world's oldest (and still operating) oil mine. https://bobrka.pl/en/about-the-museum/ Nowadays it operates also as a museum, where you can see old drilling equipment and see the well up close The location is called Rogi:
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Hi, i have that piece of wood from the Carboniferous of Poland. Is it a lepidodendron or something else ? My finger tips are the scale. Thank you very much for your input.
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Found on a parking lot in southern Poland. The flints in the area can be either Late Jurassic or Late Cretaceous-Paleogene in age. The most common fossils are sponges, but ichnofossils, brachiopods, bivalves, echinoids, bryozoans and dasyclads also occur. Any idea on this one?